【摘要】：近年來(lái),作為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)重要組成部分的民營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì),由于受到國(guó)家金融抑制政策的影響,導(dǎo)致生產(chǎn)資金的嚴(yán)重缺乏而走入了困境,大量小微企業(yè)紛紛被迫退出市場(chǎng)。而在央行領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的各大國(guó)有商業(yè)銀行,也在自身利益驅(qū)使和一貫的所有制偏見(jiàn)下傾向于貸款給國(guó)有大型企業(yè),對(duì)民間的小微企業(yè)和個(gè)人則表現(xiàn)的很是謹(jǐn)慎。此時(shí),隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)行業(yè)的高速發(fā)展,網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟(jì)成為了國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的新貴,一種依托網(wǎng)絡(luò)的新型民間資金融通形式——P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸產(chǎn)生了。它的出現(xiàn)為急需資金又缺乏融資渠道的民營(yíng)企業(yè)和個(gè)人與擁有閑散資金卻缺乏投資渠道的社會(huì)群眾提供了資金融通的渠道。由于P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸迎合了金融市場(chǎng)的需求,使其在短短幾年之內(nèi)就取得了極大地發(fā)展。但令人擔(dān)憂(yōu)的是P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸在蓬勃發(fā)展之際,也出現(xiàn)了不少的問(wèn)題。由于我國(guó)金融抑制政策壓制和不成熟的征信體系,使得P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸為適應(yīng)環(huán)境在傳入我國(guó)之時(shí)便發(fā)生了一些異變。為了防止P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸繼續(xù)畸形的發(fā)展,同時(shí)保證其充分發(fā)揮正規(guī)金融有益補(bǔ)充的作用,我們必須為其設(shè)置一條科學(xué)合理地法律規(guī)制路徑。本文共分為三個(gè)部分:第一部分為P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸的概述。介紹了P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸的概念、特點(diǎn)、以及其作為民間金融的性質(zhì)。接下來(lái)把視線定位到國(guó)內(nèi),分析其在我國(guó)產(chǎn)生的變形及原因。在此基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步分析異化前與異化后的平臺(tái)交易中所涉及的相關(guān)法律關(guān)系。第二部分是對(duì)P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸運(yùn)作中風(fēng)險(xiǎn)來(lái)源的分析,并闡述我國(guó)目前監(jiān)管現(xiàn)狀。從風(fēng)險(xiǎn)來(lái)源的主體角度出發(fā),深入分析網(wǎng)貸平臺(tái)自身、借款人與貸款人在借貸活動(dòng)中可能引發(fā)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。與此同時(shí),闡明我國(guó)目前對(duì)于P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸監(jiān)管的主體、立法現(xiàn)狀與監(jiān)管存在的缺陷,為我國(guó)P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸的監(jiān)管措施提供根據(jù)。第三部分為P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范的法律對(duì)策設(shè)計(jì)。首先為平臺(tái)監(jiān)管設(shè)定監(jiān)管主體;之后進(jìn)行具體制度設(shè)計(jì),設(shè)置平臺(tái)底線監(jiān)管與分類(lèi)監(jiān)管制度,為平臺(tái)劃定紅線,對(duì)不同執(zhí)業(yè)類(lèi)型的P2P網(wǎng)貸平臺(tái)施行不同的監(jiān)管對(duì)策,做到有針對(duì)性,監(jiān)管措施合理、到位;引入融資擔(dān)保機(jī)制,祛除平臺(tái)自保,降低平臺(tái)風(fēng)險(xiǎn);同時(shí)完善平臺(tái)信息披露工作,加強(qiáng)行業(yè)自律建設(shè),實(shí)現(xiàn)行業(yè)內(nèi)外共同監(jiān)督機(jī)制。此外,提高投資者風(fēng)險(xiǎn)意識(shí),加大投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的宣傳教育工作。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the private economy, as an important part of the national economy, has been forced out of the market by a large number of small and micro enterprises due to the influence of the national financial suppression policy, which leads to the serious lack of production funds. Under the leadership of the central bank, the major state-owned commercial banks also tend to lend to large state-owned enterprises under their own interests and consistent prejudice of ownership, and are very cautious about private small and micro enterprises and individuals. At this time, with the rapid development of the Internet industry, the network economy has become a new national economy, a new form of folk capital financing based on the network, P2P network lending has emerged. The emergence of it provides a channel of financing for private enterprises and individuals who are in urgent need of funds and lack of financing channels and for the social masses who have idle funds but lack investment channels. P2P network loans meet the needs of the financial market, which has made great progress in a few years. But worrisome is P2P network loan is booming, also appeared a lot of problems. Due to the suppression of financial suppression policy and the immature credit system, P2P network lending has changed a lot when it was introduced into our country in order to adapt to the environment. In order to prevent P2P network lending from continuing to deform development and to ensure that it can fully play the role of beneficial supplement of formal finance, we must set up a scientific and reasonable legal regulation path for P2P network lending. This paper is divided into three parts: the first part is an overview of P2P network lending. This paper introduces the concept and characteristics of P2P network lending and its nature as private finance. Then the line of sight to the domestic analysis of its deformation in China and the causes. On this basis, this paper further analyzes the legal relations involved in the platform transactions before and after alienation. The second part is the analysis of the risk sources in P2P network lending operation and the current regulatory situation in China. From the view of the main body of the risk source, this paper analyzes the risks caused by the web loan platform itself, the borrower and the lender in the lending activities. At the same time, it clarifies the main body, legislation and defects of P2P network loan regulation in our country at present, and provides the basis for the supervision measures of P2P network loan in our country. The third part is the design of legal countermeasures to prevent the risk of P2P network lending. Firstly, the main body of supervision is set for the platform supervision, then the specific system design is carried out, the bottom line supervision and classification supervision system is set, the red line is delimited for the platform, and different regulatory countermeasures are carried out on different P2P network loan platforms of different types of practice. To be targeted, reasonable regulatory measures in place; introduce financing guarantee mechanism, remove the platform self-insurance, reduce the platform risk; at the same time, improve the platform information disclosure, strengthen the industry self-discipline construction, achieve the joint supervision mechanism inside and outside the industry. In addition, raise investor risk consciousness, increase the propaganda and education work of investment risk.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.28

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本文編號(hào)：2169709