P2P網(wǎng)絡借貸風險監(jiān)管法律問題研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-07 10:16
【摘要】：近年來,作為國民經(jīng)濟重要組成部分的民營經(jīng)濟,由于受到國家金融抑制政策的影響,導致生產(chǎn)資金的嚴重缺乏而走入了困境,大量小微企業(yè)紛紛被迫退出市場。而在央行領導下的各大國有商業(yè)銀行,也在自身利益驅使和一貫的所有制偏見下傾向于貸款給國有大型企業(yè),對民間的小微企業(yè)和個人則表現(xiàn)的很是謹慎。此時,隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)行業(yè)的高速發(fā)展,網(wǎng)絡經(jīng)濟成為了國民經(jīng)濟的新貴,一種依托網(wǎng)絡的新型民間資金融通形式——P2P網(wǎng)絡借貸產(chǎn)生了。它的出現(xiàn)為急需資金又缺乏融資渠道的民營企業(yè)和個人與擁有閑散資金卻缺乏投資渠道的社會群眾提供了資金融通的渠道。由于P2P網(wǎng)絡借貸迎合了金融市場的需求,使其在短短幾年之內(nèi)就取得了極大地發(fā)展。但令人擔憂的是P2P網(wǎng)絡借貸在蓬勃發(fā)展之際,也出現(xiàn)了不少的問題。由于我國金融抑制政策壓制和不成熟的征信體系,使得P2P網(wǎng)絡借貸為適應環(huán)境在傳入我國之時便發(fā)生了一些異變。為了防止P2P網(wǎng)絡借貸繼續(xù)畸形的發(fā)展,同時保證其充分發(fā)揮正規(guī)金融有益補充的作用,我們必須為其設置一條科學合理地法律規(guī)制路徑。本文共分為三個部分:第一部分為P2P網(wǎng)絡借貸的概述。介紹了P2P網(wǎng)絡借貸的概念、特點、以及其作為民間金融的性質。接下來把視線定位到國內(nèi),分析其在我國產(chǎn)生的變形及原因。在此基礎上,進一步分析異化前與異化后的平臺交易中所涉及的相關法律關系。第二部分是對P2P網(wǎng)絡借貸運作中風險來源的分析,并闡述我國目前監(jiān)管現(xiàn)狀。從風險來源的主體角度出發(fā),深入分析網(wǎng)貸平臺自身、借款人與貸款人在借貸活動中可能引發(fā)的風險。與此同時,闡明我國目前對于P2P網(wǎng)絡借貸監(jiān)管的主體、立法現(xiàn)狀與監(jiān)管存在的缺陷,為我國P2P網(wǎng)絡借貸的監(jiān)管措施提供根據(jù)。第三部分為P2P網(wǎng)絡借貸風險防范的法律對策設計。首先為平臺監(jiān)管設定監(jiān)管主體;之后進行具體制度設計,設置平臺底線監(jiān)管與分類監(jiān)管制度,為平臺劃定紅線,對不同執(zhí)業(yè)類型的P2P網(wǎng)貸平臺施行不同的監(jiān)管對策,做到有針對性,監(jiān)管措施合理、到位;引入融資擔保機制,祛除平臺自保,降低平臺風險;同時完善平臺信息披露工作,加強行業(yè)自律建設,實現(xiàn)行業(yè)內(nèi)外共同監(jiān)督機制。此外,提高投資者風險意識,加大投資風險的宣傳教育工作。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the private economy, as an important part of the national economy, has been forced out of the market by a large number of small and micro enterprises due to the influence of the national financial suppression policy, which leads to the serious lack of production funds. Under the leadership of the central bank, the major state-owned commercial banks also tend to lend to large state-owned enterprises under their own interests and consistent prejudice of ownership, and are very cautious about private small and micro enterprises and individuals. At this time, with the rapid development of the Internet industry, the network economy has become a new national economy, a new form of folk capital financing based on the network, P2P network lending has emerged. The emergence of it provides a channel of financing for private enterprises and individuals who are in urgent need of funds and lack of financing channels and for the social masses who have idle funds but lack investment channels. P2P network loans meet the needs of the financial market, which has made great progress in a few years. But worrisome is P2P network loan is booming, also appeared a lot of problems. Due to the suppression of financial suppression policy and the immature credit system, P2P network lending has changed a lot when it was introduced into our country in order to adapt to the environment. In order to prevent P2P network lending from continuing to deform development and to ensure that it can fully play the role of beneficial supplement of formal finance, we must set up a scientific and reasonable legal regulation path for P2P network lending. This paper is divided into three parts: the first part is an overview of P2P network lending. This paper introduces the concept and characteristics of P2P network lending and its nature as private finance. Then the line of sight to the domestic analysis of its deformation in China and the causes. On this basis, this paper further analyzes the legal relations involved in the platform transactions before and after alienation. The second part is the analysis of the risk sources in P2P network lending operation and the current regulatory situation in China. From the view of the main body of the risk source, this paper analyzes the risks caused by the web loan platform itself, the borrower and the lender in the lending activities. At the same time, it clarifies the main body, legislation and defects of P2P network loan regulation in our country at present, and provides the basis for the supervision measures of P2P network loan in our country. The third part is the design of legal countermeasures to prevent the risk of P2P network lending. Firstly, the main body of supervision is set for the platform supervision, then the specific system design is carried out, the bottom line supervision and classification supervision system is set, the red line is delimited for the platform, and different regulatory countermeasures are carried out on different P2P network loan platforms of different types of practice. To be targeted, reasonable regulatory measures in place; introduce financing guarantee mechanism, remove the platform self-insurance, reduce the platform risk; at the same time, improve the platform information disclosure, strengthen the industry self-discipline construction, achieve the joint supervision mechanism inside and outside the industry. In addition, raise investor risk consciousness, increase the propaganda and education work of investment risk.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D922.28
本文編號：2169709
[Abstract]:In recent years, the private economy, as an important part of the national economy, has been forced out of the market by a large number of small and micro enterprises due to the influence of the national financial suppression policy, which leads to the serious lack of production funds. Under the leadership of the central bank, the major state-owned commercial banks also tend to lend to large state-owned enterprises under their own interests and consistent prejudice of ownership, and are very cautious about private small and micro enterprises and individuals. At this time, with the rapid development of the Internet industry, the network economy has become a new national economy, a new form of folk capital financing based on the network, P2P network lending has emerged. The emergence of it provides a channel of financing for private enterprises and individuals who are in urgent need of funds and lack of financing channels and for the social masses who have idle funds but lack investment channels. P2P network loans meet the needs of the financial market, which has made great progress in a few years. But worrisome is P2P network loan is booming, also appeared a lot of problems. Due to the suppression of financial suppression policy and the immature credit system, P2P network lending has changed a lot when it was introduced into our country in order to adapt to the environment. In order to prevent P2P network lending from continuing to deform development and to ensure that it can fully play the role of beneficial supplement of formal finance, we must set up a scientific and reasonable legal regulation path for P2P network lending. This paper is divided into three parts: the first part is an overview of P2P network lending. This paper introduces the concept and characteristics of P2P network lending and its nature as private finance. Then the line of sight to the domestic analysis of its deformation in China and the causes. On this basis, this paper further analyzes the legal relations involved in the platform transactions before and after alienation. The second part is the analysis of the risk sources in P2P network lending operation and the current regulatory situation in China. From the view of the main body of the risk source, this paper analyzes the risks caused by the web loan platform itself, the borrower and the lender in the lending activities. At the same time, it clarifies the main body, legislation and defects of P2P network loan regulation in our country at present, and provides the basis for the supervision measures of P2P network loan in our country. The third part is the design of legal countermeasures to prevent the risk of P2P network lending. Firstly, the main body of supervision is set for the platform supervision, then the specific system design is carried out, the bottom line supervision and classification supervision system is set, the red line is delimited for the platform, and different regulatory countermeasures are carried out on different P2P network loan platforms of different types of practice. To be targeted, reasonable regulatory measures in place; introduce financing guarantee mechanism, remove the platform self-insurance, reduce the platform risk; at the same time, improve the platform information disclosure, strengthen the industry self-discipline construction, achieve the joint supervision mechanism inside and outside the industry. In addition, raise investor risk consciousness, increase the propaganda and education work of investment risk.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D922.28
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