本文選題：TPP + 市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入��； 參考：《遼寧大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：自金融危機(jī)后,美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)下滑,與之相反的是亞太地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅猛發(fā)展。為了拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì),美國(guó)改變戰(zhàn)略,積極推動(dòng)跨太平洋伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定(Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement,以下簡(jiǎn)稱TPP)。目前,TPP在經(jīng)過40多輪談判后,11個(gè)成員國(guó)已經(jīng)于2015年10月5日正式簽署并于同年11月5日發(fā)布正式文本。分析正式文本,TPP具有內(nèi)容的高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)性、加入機(jī)制的開放性以及貿(mào)易高度自由化等特征。在特朗普上任前的主流觀點(diǎn)是:TPP未來的發(fā)展和實(shí)施將會(huì)對(duì)全球貿(mào)易規(guī)則產(chǎn)生巨大的影響,尤其是在WTO陷入僵局的情況下,TPP或會(huì)推動(dòng)國(guó)際貿(mào)易規(guī)則新一輪的更新升級(jí)。現(xiàn)在美國(guó)態(tài)度的改變使得TPP的未來充滿不確定性,但是其中蘊(yùn)含的法律理念和制度規(guī)則仍具有研究意義。由于亞洲經(jīng)濟(jì)大國(guó)的中國(guó)并未加入TPP,因此將不能享受到成員國(guó)待遇。TPP成員國(guó)間貿(mào)易零關(guān)稅的絕對(duì)優(yōu)惠、金融市場(chǎng)的全面開放等市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入方面的措施,將最大程度促進(jìn)成員國(guó)間經(jīng)濟(jì)合作,增加貿(mào)易數(shù)量,提高在國(guó)際貿(mào)易市場(chǎng)上的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。而對(duì)于非TPP締約國(guó)就有可能產(chǎn)生相反的效果,其貿(mào)易數(shù)量和市場(chǎng)份額都將會(huì)相應(yīng)減少。作為非TPP成員國(guó)的中國(guó),也將面臨著上述貿(mào)易轉(zhuǎn)移效應(yīng)對(duì)本國(guó)涉外貿(mào)易帶來的影響,因此本文通過市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入這個(gè)切入點(diǎn),盡可能的仔細(xì)研究TPP市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入制度,發(fā)現(xiàn)TPP的創(chuàng)新性以及高標(biāo)準(zhǔn),希望能夠從法律層面為中國(guó)應(yīng)對(duì)TPP出謀劃策。正文內(nèi)容共分為四章,第一章是TPP及其市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入制度的概述,在對(duì)TPP的發(fā)展和現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單介紹的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)本文研究對(duì)象——TPP下的市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入制度作出界定,然后提煉出TPP市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入制度的基本框架和法律理念。第二章主要是從典型原則和規(guī)則兩個(gè)角度詳細(xì)分析TPP下市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入制度的主要內(nèi)容。第三章是將TPP與當(dāng)前最具代表性的WTO規(guī)則進(jìn)行比較分析,從貨物貿(mào)易、服務(wù)貿(mào)易和投資三個(gè)領(lǐng)域?qū)Ρ瘸鯰PP的新發(fā)展。第四章節(jié)主要是分析TPP市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入對(duì)中國(guó)可能產(chǎn)生的影響,以及在美國(guó)退出TPP后中國(guó)又要如何應(yīng)對(duì)TPP的新變化。
[Abstract]:Since the financial crisis, the U.S. economy has continued to decline, in contrast to rapid economic growth in the Asia-Pacific region. To boost the economy, the United States has changed its strategy and actively promoted the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP). At present, after more than 40 rounds of negotiations, 11 member countries have formally signed the TPP on October 5, 2015 and released the official text on November 5 of the same year. This paper analyzes the characteristics of TPP with high standard content, openness of accession mechanism and high liberalization of trade. Before Trump took office, the prevailing view was that the future development and implementation of the: TPP would have a huge impact on global trade rules, especially in the face of a WTO stalemate that could push for a new round of renewal and upgrading of international trade rules. The future of TPP is uncertain because of the change of attitude in the United States, but the legal concepts and institutional rules still have significance. Since China, the major Asian economic power, has not joined the TPP, it will not be able to enjoy the absolute preferential treatment of the member countries. Trade among TPP members will be zero tariffs, and market access measures such as the full opening of financial markets will not be available. It will maximize economic cooperation among member countries, increase the volume of trade, and enhance competitiveness in the international trade market. For non-TPP parties, the opposite effect is likely to occur, with both trade volume and market share falling accordingly. As a non-TPP member, China will also be faced with the impact of the above-mentioned trade transfer effect on its foreign trade. Therefore, through the entry point of market access, this paper tries to study the TPP market access system as carefully as possible. The discovery of the innovative and high standards of the TPP is expected to provide legal advice for China's response to the TPP. The text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is an overview of TPP and its market access system. On the basis of a brief introduction to the development and status quo of TPP, this paper defines the market access system under TPP. Then refine the TPP market access system of the basic framework and legal ideas. The second chapter mainly analyzes the main contents of market access system under TPP from two aspects of typical principles and rules. The third chapter compares TPP with the most representative WTO rules, and compares the new development of TPP from three fields: trade in goods, trade in services and investment. The fourth chapter analyzes the possible impact of TPP market access on China and how China will cope with the new changes after the United States exits the TPP.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D922.29

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