本文選題：有限責任公司 + 股東退股��； 參考：《遼寧大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：有限責任公司作為公司的存續(xù)形式之一,在我國眾多企業(yè)類型之中占據(jù)重大比例,這種公司類型被眾多投資者青睞,但是在此類公司形式中如何合法退出公司經(jīng)營,減少對相應投資者的侵害,成為亟需解決的問題,對有限責任公司股東退股問題的研究也成為眾多學者探討的課題。有限責任公司因為自身特點——資合性與人合性兼顧,對于人合性,有限責任公司的股東人數(shù)相對較少,股東之間的聯(lián)系緊密,對相互之間的信任要求較高,但是有限責任公司自身還存在著封閉性,并不同于股份有限責任公司的公開性,它的公司股權(quán)并不能在市場上自由流通、公開交易。在現(xiàn)實法律實務(wù)中,有限責任公司的大股東會依據(jù)資本多數(shù)決原則擁有較多的話語權(quán),從而影響公司意志進而為獲取收益,但是話語權(quán)較少的股東利益因為此項公司意志可能會受到損害,為這類股東提供救濟就變得極為必要。目前,許多國家的立法都對股東退股有所規(guī)定,英美法系國家在實踐的探索過程中也形成了一些指導性判例,2005年,有限責任公司股東退股的相關(guān)規(guī)定正式出臺,修改后的《公司法》開始施行,但是只有七十五條一個單獨的條文,而股東退股在實際操作過程當中面臨的情況十分復雜,而公司法對相應程序的規(guī)定泛泛,實體規(guī)定淡薄。因而,國內(nèi)有限責任公司股東退股必然有一定的不足,通過分析借鑒德日美的立法與實務(wù)經(jīng)驗,從股東退股的概念和理論基礎(chǔ)開始,提出一些措施,保護公司與退股股東的雙重利益�？偠灾�,本文分成四部分:第一部分,股東退股概述。從股東退股的概念、特征這兩個方面入手,比較其他相似概念,繼而把退股的具體含義進行明確;然后,從理論上分析股東退股的合理性,明確退股的可行性。第二部分,國外相關(guān)規(guī)定的分析及我國可以借鑒的具體措施。分析德日美三國在股東退股方面的規(guī)定,以上三個國家對退股的規(guī)定各有特色,而反觀我國現(xiàn)有的規(guī)定會發(fā)現(xiàn)其中有很大的問題,我國可以從各國的具體措施中借鑒有益之處。第三部分,我國有限責任公司股東退股的立法現(xiàn)狀及缺陷部分。結(jié)合現(xiàn)行《公司法》的具體規(guī)定,從現(xiàn)狀入手,發(fā)現(xiàn)法律條文規(guī)定中存在的缺陷之處,從退股股東、公司、債權(quán)人的平衡需求入手,引導我國退股的相關(guān)問題的順利解決。第四部分,結(jié)論。結(jié)合上文,對我國有限責仟公司股東退股存在的問題進行針對性解決,提出初步性的措施辦法,緩解現(xiàn)實的法律困境。
[Abstract]:Limited liability company, as one of the existing forms of the company, occupies a significant proportion among the many enterprise types in our country. This kind of company type is favored by many investors, but in this kind of company form, how to legally withdraw from the company operation, It is urgent to solve the problem of reducing the infringement to the corresponding investors, and the research on the shareholder withdrawal of limited liability company has also become a topic discussed by many scholars. Because of its own characteristics, the limited liability company has a relatively small number of shareholders, a close relationship between shareholders, and a high requirement of mutual trust. However, the limited liability company has its own closed nature, which is different from the openness of the joint stock limited liability company, and its stock rights can not be freely circulated and traded publicly in the market. In the actual legal practice, the large shareholders of the limited liability company have more right to speak according to the principle of capital majority decision, which will influence the company's will and then obtain the income. But for shareholders with less say, because the company's will may be compromised, relief for such shareholders is essential. At present, the legislation of many countries has provisions on shareholder withdrawal, and some guiding cases have been formed in the course of practical exploration in Anglo-American legal system countries. In 2005, the relevant provisions of shareholder withdrawal of limited liability companies were formally issued. The revised Company Law has been put into effect, but only 75 articles have a separate provision, and the situation that shareholders face in the actual operation process is very complicated. The company law has a general stipulation on the corresponding procedure, but the substantive provisions are weak. Therefore, there must be some deficiencies in shareholder withdrawal of domestic limited liability companies. Through the analysis of the legislative and practical experience of Germany, Japan and the United States, some measures are put forward starting with the concept and theoretical basis of shareholder withdrawal. To protect the dual interests of the company and the withdrawing shareholders. To sum up, this paper is divided into four parts: the first part, the overview of shareholder withdrawal. Starting with the concept and characteristics of shareholder withdrawal, this paper compares other similar concepts, then clarifies the specific meaning of withdrawal; then, theoretically analyzes the rationality of shareholder withdrawal, and clarifies the feasibility of withdrawal. The second part, the analysis of the relevant provisions of foreign countries and the specific measures that our country can use for reference. By analyzing the provisions of the three countries on shareholder withdrawal, the above three countries have their own characteristics. However, if we look at the existing regulations of our country, we will find that there are great problems, and we can draw lessons from the concrete measures of other countries. The third part, the legislation status and defect of shareholder withdrawal of limited liability company in our country. Combined with the specific provisions of the current Company Law, this paper starts with the present situation, finds out the defects in the provisions of the law, starts with the balanced demand of the shareholders, companies and creditors, and guides the smooth solution of the problems related to the withdrawal of shares in our country. The fourth part, conclusion. In combination with the above, the problems existing in the stockholders' withdrawal from China's limited liability company are solved, and preliminary measures are put forward to alleviate the practical legal dilemma.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D922.291.91

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