本文選題：汽車消費市場 + 4S模式　； 參考：《江西財經(jīng)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)體現(xiàn)著國家工業(yè)發(fā)展的水平,它的良性發(fā)展能夠有效促進國家經(jīng)濟的騰飛,隨著科技的進步,汽車文化已經(jīng)融入我們的日常生活。汽車服務作為整個汽車服務行業(yè)的核心而倍受人們關注。汽車銷售4S的經(jīng)營模式進入中國市場已有十余載,其對于推動中國汽車市場的成型、發(fā)展有著不可磨滅的功勞。但相比于發(fā)達國家的百年汽車發(fā)展歷史,我國汽車市場依舊屬于起步階段,尚未成熟,正因如此,我國汽車銷售4S模式在獲得認可的同時也伴隨著不小的爭議。我國汽車銷售4S模式在制度設立之初,對于提升汽車品牌價值、促進汽車消費、提高客戶忠誠度方面起著關鍵的作用。但隨著2005年《汽車品牌銷售管理實施辦法》的出臺,汽車消費市場主體間的不平衡性加劇,汽車廠商在產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈中逐漸成為更為強勢的一方,通過實施縱向壟斷協(xié)議的方式控制著汽車的銷售市場,同時,侵犯了經(jīng)銷商與消費者的合法權益。這種模式也限制了汽車市場的有效競爭,對汽車行業(yè)的長遠發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了消極影響。隨著我國《反壟斷法》于2008年頒布實施,對于汽車4S模式下存在的限制競爭行為理應由該法進行規(guī)制,但由于目前法律頒布時間尚短,制度設計中尚存一些不完善之處而使行為不能得到有效規(guī)制。對于此,筆者認為有必要借鑒法律制度更為發(fā)達的國外,諸多發(fā)達國家對于汽車行業(yè)的反壟斷法律規(guī)制手段都可以作為我國汽車反壟斷法律完善的參考。具體而言,有美國對于限制競爭行為的“本身違法與合理”分析原則、歐盟對于壟斷市場比例的“安全港”制度、日本對于“不公正交易”的單獨規(guī)制等。目前我國對于汽車4S模式壟斷行為的規(guī)制中,《反壟斷法》立法本身存在缺陷;《汽車品牌銷售管理實施辦法》加劇了市場中的主體失衡;相關的執(zhí)法機構與反壟斷委員會的職能不明,令本身就存在價值沖突的壟斷行為規(guī)制更加難以實施。對此,上述域外的寶貴經(jīng)驗就成為改變目前立法與執(zhí)法上的不完善、真正落實《反壟斷法》的重要參考因素。對于我國汽車市場4S模式規(guī)制亂象頻出的法律現(xiàn)狀,可以從以下幾個方面加以完善:首先,應當對《汽車品牌銷售管理實施辦法》做進一步完善,改變其對市場主體的不平衡規(guī)范;其次,應當出臺具體的《反壟斷法》實施細則,令壟斷規(guī)制落到實處;再次,可以建立反壟斷判例借鑒制度,對反壟斷權利救濟困境做進一步解決;最后,應當鼓勵私人參與到反壟斷訴訟之中來,使受到壟斷行為侵害的主體的合法權利得到及時保護。
[Abstract]:Automobile industry reflects the level of national industrial development, its benign development can effectively promote the rapid development of national economy. With the progress of science and technology, automobile culture has been integrated into our daily life. As the core of the whole automobile service industry, automobile service has attracted people's attention. The 4S mode of automobile sales has been in Chinese market for more than ten years, which is an indelible credit for promoting the formation and development of China's auto market. But compared with the history of automobile development in developed countries, the automobile market of our country is still in the initial stage and not yet mature. Because of this, the 4S model of automobile sales in our country has been recognized and accompanied with a lot of controversy at the same time. At the beginning of the establishment of the system, the 4S model of automobile sales in China plays a key role in promoting the value of automobile brand, promoting automobile consumption and improving customer loyalty. However, with the introduction of the "implementing measures of Automobile Brand sales Management" in 2005, the imbalance between the main bodies of the automobile consumption market has intensified, and automobile manufacturers have gradually become a more powerful party in the industrial chain. Through the implementation of vertical monopoly agreement, it controls the sales market of automobile and infringes on the legitimate rights and interests of dealers and consumers. This mode also limits the effective competition of the automobile market, and has a negative impact on the long-term development of the automobile industry. With the promulgation and implementation of our country's Anti-monopoly Law in 2008, the restrictive competition behavior under the 4S mode of automobile should be regulated by this law, but the time of promulgation of the law is still short. There are still some imperfections in the system design which make the behavior unable to be regulated effectively. For this, I think it is necessary to draw lessons from the more developed legal system of foreign countries, many developed countries for the auto industry anti-monopoly legal regulation means can be used as a reference for the perfection of anti-monopoly laws in China. Specifically, there are the principles of "illegality and reasonableness" in the United States, the "safe harbor" system in the proportion of monopolized markets in the European Union and the separate regulation of "unfair transactions" in Japan. At present, there are defects in the legislation of "Anti-monopoly Law" in the regulation of the monopolistic behavior of 4S mode in China, and the implementing method of Automobile Brand sales Management intensifies the imbalance of the main body in the market. The function of the relevant law enforcement agencies and antitrust committees is not clear, which makes it more difficult to enforce the monopoly behavior which has value conflict. In view of this, the valuable experience mentioned above has become an important reference factor to change the imperfections of current legislation and law enforcement and to truly implement the Anti-monopoly Law. The current legal situation of 4S model of automobile market in our country can be improved from the following aspects: first, we should further perfect the measures of Automobile Brand sales Management. To change its unbalanced norms for market subjects; secondly, to issue specific detailed rules for the implementation of the Anti-monopoly Law so that monopoly regulations can be put into practice; thirdly, an antitrust precedent system can be established and used for reference. Finally, private participation in antitrust litigation should be encouraged to protect the legitimate rights of the subject who has been infringed by monopoly action.
【學位授予單位】：江西財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D922.294

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