本文關(guān)鍵詞： 救濟(jì)制 注冊資本認(rèn)購制 債權(quán)人保護(hù)　出處：《中央民族大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：《公司法》設(shè)立的目的是為了維護(hù)股東以及債權(quán)人和公司的合法利益。所以隨著世界立法環(huán)境的變化,我國市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展以及公司運(yùn)營方式和種類的多樣化,為了解決現(xiàn)實(shí)中出現(xiàn)的各種問題,我國《公司法》自1993年制定以來處于不斷完善和變革中。我國公司法共經(jīng)過二次大的變革,第一次是2005年變革。2005年《公司法》降低了注冊資本限額并且規(guī)定了可以對(duì)出資進(jìn)行分期繳納,但對(duì)于期限做了規(guī)定。這次改革改變了我國嚴(yán)格的注冊資本制,體現(xiàn)出了立法理念的轉(zhuǎn)變,輕資本信用重資產(chǎn)信用,輕行政指導(dǎo)重公司自治,輕只重視“安全”重“安全”與“效率”并衡。但是我們不得不注意到這樣的話對(duì)于債權(quán)人保護(hù)是弱化的。而接下來2013年的改革更是大刀闊斧,直接取消了最低限額而且連繳納期限都不作規(guī)定了。從2005年的比較緩和折衷授權(quán)資本制直接進(jìn)入到了完全的授權(quán)資本制。但是我國現(xiàn)在信用體系還不完善,關(guān)于債權(quán)人保護(hù)的相關(guān)立法要么是不完善要么是還沒建立以來,所以說在保護(hù)債權(quán)人利益的保護(hù)方面可以說是存在著短板,如果不及時(shí)的予以完善,對(duì)于我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展必然也是一大阻礙。由于2013年《公司法》改革的范圍比較廣,所以無法一一具體做出自己的評(píng)價(jià)。所以此文主要是針對(duì)現(xiàn)行股份有限公司的認(rèn)購資本制下的債權(quán)人保護(hù)來進(jìn)行探討。本文一共分四章。第一章是介紹了注冊資本認(rèn)購制和債權(quán)人保護(hù)。對(duì)于資本認(rèn)購制主要是從它的基礎(chǔ)概念注冊資本的介紹開始,對(duì)于注冊資本說明了它的概念并對(duì)注冊資本的分類以及作用做了介紹。接下來闡明了注冊資本認(rèn)購制的含義,并分析了注冊資本認(rèn)購制的積極意義和消極意義。對(duì)于債權(quán)人保護(hù)的介紹,首先是闡明了債權(quán)人利益保護(hù)的必要性,接著對(duì)于注冊資本認(rèn)購制下債權(quán)人利益保護(hù)會(huì)存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。第二章介紹了我國的注冊認(rèn)購制制的沿革。首先對(duì)我國注冊資本制的立法沿革進(jìn)行介紹,然后說明了我國現(xiàn)行注冊資本認(rèn)購制的立法現(xiàn)狀,接下來從兩個(gè)方面對(duì)我國現(xiàn)行注冊資本認(rèn)購制保護(hù)債權(quán)人利益的問題。一是缺乏保護(hù)債權(quán)人知情權(quán)的相關(guān)機(jī)制另一個(gè)是缺乏保護(hù)債權(quán)人利益的救濟(jì)機(jī)制。第三章介紹了與我國現(xiàn)行注冊資本認(rèn)購制相似的美國相關(guān)保護(hù)債權(quán)人方面的立法。美國一直以來注重信用社會(huì)的建設(shè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)和在公司法中對(duì)于法人人格否認(rèn)制,股款收繳制,董事勤勉義務(wù)的方面細(xì)致完善的規(guī)定使得美國經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速發(fā)展,一直位于世界前列。所以說美國的注冊資本認(rèn)購制真正實(shí)現(xiàn)了其最大的效能。我國與美國的立法規(guī)定比較相似,所以說美國公司法給我國的立法以啟示。第四章是對(duì)我國現(xiàn)行注冊資本認(rèn)購制下債權(quán)人利益保護(hù)機(jī)制的建立。借鑒美。國的經(jīng)驗(yàn)并結(jié)合我國實(shí)際在債權(quán)人知情權(quán)機(jī)制和債權(quán)人保護(hù)的救濟(jì)機(jī)制提出了立法建議。
[Abstract]:The purpose of "Company Law" is to protect the legitimate interests of shareholders, creditors and companies. Therefore, with the change of the world legislative environment, the development of market economy and the diversification of the way and type of company operation in China. In order to solve the problems in reality, the Company Law of our country has been in the process of continuous improvement and reform since it was formulated in 1993. The company law of our country has undergone two major changes. The first was the 2005 change. In 2005, the Company Law lowered the registered capital limit and stipulated that the capital contribution could be paid in instalments. This reform changed the strict registered capital system of our country, reflected the change of legislation idea, light capital credit and assets credit, less administration guidance and company autonomy. Less emphasis is placed on "safety" than on "efficiency". But we have to note that this is a weakening of creditor protection, and the reforms that followed in 2013 were even more radical. The minimum limit has been abolished directly and the deadline for payment has not been stipulated. From the relatively moderate compromise on 2005, the authorized capital system has entered directly into the full authorized capital system. However, the credit system of our country is not yet perfect. . The relevant legislation on the protection of creditors is either imperfect or has not been established, so in the protection of the interests of creditors can be said that there are shortcomings, if not timely to improve. In 2013, the scope of the reform of the Company Law is relatively wide. So can not make their own evaluation one by one. So this article is mainly about the creditor protection under the subscription capital system of the existing joint stock limited company. This text is divided into four chapters altogether. The first chapter is to introduce the registered capital. This subscription system and creditor protection. Capital subscription system is mainly from its basic concept of registered capital introduction. It explains the concept of registered capital and introduces the classification and function of registered capital. Then it clarifies the meaning of the system of registered capital subscription. And analyzes the positive and negative significance of the system of registered capital subscription. The introduction of creditor protection, the first is to clarify the necessity of the protection of creditors' interests. The second chapter introduces the evolution of the registered subscription system in China. Firstly, it introduces the legislative evolution of the registered capital system in China. Then it explains the current legislation status of registered capital subscription system in China. There are two problems in protecting creditors' interests from two aspects: one is the lack of relevant mechanism to protect creditors' right to know and the other is the lack of relief mechanism to protect creditors' interests. This paper introduces the legislation on creditor protection in the United States, which is similar to the current registered capital subscription system in China. The United States has always paid attention to the construction experience of credit unions and the denial of corporate personality in the company law. The system of stock collection and the meticulous and perfect regulations of directors' diligence and obligation made the American economy develop rapidly. It has always been in the forefront of the world. Therefore, the registered capital subscription system in the United States has really realized its maximum efficiency. The legislative provisions of our country and the United States are quite similar. Chapter 4th is the establishment of the creditor's interest protection mechanism under the current registered capital subscription system in our country. Learn from the experience of u. S. A. And combine our country's actual right to know in the creditor's right to know. The mechanism and the relief mechanism of creditor protection put forward legislative suggestions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D922.291.91

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本文編號(hào)：1483388