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  本文關鍵詞：美國“337調查”問題研究　出處：《內蒙古大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 337調查 貿易保護措施 侵犯商業(yè)秘密 國民待遇原則 普遍排除令 不公平競爭方法或不公平行為

【摘要】：美國"337調查"是中國出口企業(yè)所遭遇的最為嚴重貿易的保護措施之一。實踐中"337調查"主要用于識別專利侵權行為。美國海關依"337調查"的結果阻止侵權產品進入美國市場。本文意圖通過對美國《1930年關稅法》第337條(簡稱美國"337條款")及其相關案例進行分析,研究"337調查"的程序及其特點,揭示該程序中可能存在的貿易保護主義。同時,依據(jù)"337條款"(a)(1)(A)的規(guī)定,"337調查"的適用范圍遠不止專利權,它可以規(guī)制所有"損害國內產業(yè)"的"不公平競爭方法或不公平行為"。這就擴大了 "337調查"中"普遍排除令"等救濟手段的打擊范圍。GATT專家組曾在個案中認定"337調查"中的普遍排除令違反了 GATT國民待遇原則,并且認為就該案而言,適用普遍排除令不滿足GATT20(d)的規(guī)定,即不能作為國民待遇原則的例外。專家組同時建議美國對"普遍排除令"的使用加以限制。但在"天瑞集團訴美國國際貿易委員會案"(下文簡稱"天瑞案")后,"337調查"這個飽受爭議、帶有貿易保護色彩的制度擁有了域外管轄效力。這不但沒有限制普遍排除令的使用,反而賦予了普遍排除令域外效力。本文第一部分是對"337調查"基本問題的概述。通過對"337條款"的法律條文進行分析,了解"337調查"的管轄范圍、啟動要件和程序。第二部分通過案例分析認定"337調查"中的普遍排除令違反了 GATT國民待遇原則,并且在該案中,普遍排除令不能作為GATT20(d)國民待遇原則的例外。第三部分是結合中國實際介紹三個依據(jù)"337條款"(a)(1)(A)以"不公平競爭方法或不公平行為"為由對中國企業(yè)發(fā)起的"337調查"。在"天瑞案"之后,"337條款"在管轄內容和管轄范圍上都有所擴張。同時,普遍排除令的適用也被擴大到域外管轄和非專利侵權的案件。對此,筆者認為:"337條款"寬泛的管轄權和域外效力不僅是一種貿易保護主義的擴大與膨脹,甚至影響了我國司法主權的獨立性。在隨后的第四部分筆者提出了一些應訴建議。
[Abstract]:The "337 investigation" is one of the most serious trade protection measures for export enterprises encountered China. In the practice of "337 investigation" is mainly used for the identification of patent infringement. The United States Customs in accordance with the "337 investigation" results stop infringing products into the U.S. market. This article attempts to <1930 the United States Tariff Law > 337th (the United States referred to as "section 337") were analyzed and the related cases, procedures and characteristics of the "337 investigation", reveals the trade protectionism may exist in the program. At the same time, on the basis of the "337 terms" (a) (1) (A) provisions, "the scope of investigation of 337 is far more than the patent right and it can regulate all injury to the domestic industry" unfair methods of competition and unfair acts ". This has extended the" 337 investigation "in the" general exclusion order "and other means of relief against the scope.GATT in case of a group of experts had identified" general exclusion 337 investigation in violation of G order The national treatment principle of ATT, and that in that case, for the general exclusion order does not meet the provisions of GATT20 (d), which can not be used as the principle of national treatment group of experts also suggested that the United States exceptions. Restrictions on the "general exclusion order". But in the "Tian Rui group v. United States International Trade Commission (hereinafter" case referred to as "Tian Rui case"), "337 investigation" the controversial, protectionist system have extraterritorial jurisdiction effect. It not only does not restrict the use of general exclusion order, but gives the general exclusion order of extraterritorial effect. The first part is an overview of the basic problems of 337 investigation. Analysis through the law of "section 337", "understanding the jurisdiction of 337 investigation, starting elements and procedure. The second part through the analysis of a case that" general exclusion order violated the national treatment principle of GATT 337 investigation ", and in this case In the general exclusion order can be regarded as GATT20 (d) of the national treatment principle exception. The third part is the combination of the actual Chinese introduced three according to "section 337" (a) (1) (A) to the "unfair methods of competition and unfair acts on the grounds of the China Enterprises launched the" 337 investigation "in". After Tianrui case "," section 337 "are expanded in content and scope of jurisdiction. At the same time, for the general exclusion order was also extended to the extraterritorial jurisdiction and non patent infringement cases. In this regard, the author thinks:" article 337 "broad jurisdiction and extraterritorial effect not only is a kind of expansion the expansion of trade protectionism, and even affect the independence of China's judicial sovereignty. In the fourth part the author puts forward some suggestions for the respondent.

【學位授予單位】：內蒙古大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D971.2;DD912.2

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本文編號：1431573