【摘要】：休閑農(nóng)業(yè)是一個(gè)方興未艾的朝陽(yáng)產(chǎn)業(yè)。伴隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展和城市化的加速推進(jìn),城市環(huán)境惡化,各種“現(xiàn)代文明病”凸顯,城市中的人們深受困擾,回歸自然、舒緩身心成為內(nèi)心訴求。休閑農(nóng)業(yè)以其清新的自然風(fēng)光、多彩的農(nóng)耕文化、質(zhì)樸的鄉(xiāng)風(fēng)民俗,既滿足了城市居民休閑旅游的身心需求,又是作為調(diào)整農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、促進(jìn)農(nóng)民增收、發(fā)展農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要手段,受到我國(guó)各級(jí)政府的高度重視,得以快速發(fā)展。但在休閑農(nóng)業(yè)項(xiàng)目開發(fā)的實(shí)踐過程中,出現(xiàn)了資源破壞和生態(tài)污染等諸多問題,亟須環(huán)境理論引導(dǎo)和法律規(guī)范�，F(xiàn)今,休閑農(nóng)業(yè)立法引起人們的普遍關(guān)注,但在這一領(lǐng)域的研究尚屬空白,探討休閑農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境方面的法律制度建設(shè)不僅有重要的理論意義,更具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)價(jià)值。本研究以可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論、環(huán)境法學(xué)理論研究為依據(jù),基于生態(tài)環(huán)境視角,探討休閑農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的環(huán)境法規(guī)建設(shè)問題。為此,采用文獻(xiàn)研究的方法,綜合運(yùn)用旅游學(xué)、生態(tài)學(xué)、環(huán)境法學(xué)等相關(guān)理論對(duì)休閑農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境法規(guī)缺失問題進(jìn)行論述。通過對(duì)收集資料的詳細(xì)分析,結(jié)合休閑農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展實(shí)踐,本研究認(rèn)為休閑農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展在項(xiàng)目開發(fā)、農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、資源利用、景區(qū)環(huán)境建設(shè)等方面存在諸多問題,環(huán)境損害呈現(xiàn)四大特點(diǎn)：一是損害潛伏長(zhǎng),二是損害歷時(shí)久,三是損害范圍廣,四是損害治理難�，F(xiàn)有的環(huán)境法律體系在休閑農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境保護(hù)的諸多方面無(wú)法發(fā)揮有效作用。案例分析發(fā)現(xiàn),休閑農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境保護(hù)法規(guī)的完善程度與產(chǎn)業(yè)良性發(fā)展密切相關(guān)。繼而通過對(duì)美、德、日等國(guó)以及我國(guó)臺(tái)灣地區(qū)在休閑農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境保護(hù)方面的法律保障情況進(jìn)行比較研究,表明世界上休閑農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展取得較大成功的國(guó)家和地區(qū)無(wú)一不重視休閑農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境法制建設(shè),法律杠桿在保護(hù)休閑農(nóng)業(yè)的生態(tài)資源、協(xié)調(diào)經(jīng)濟(jì)利益與環(huán)境效益的關(guān)系上發(fā)揮著積極作用,這充分說明了休閑農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境法規(guī)建設(shè)的重要性。由此本研究提出若干建議希望有益于我國(guó)休閑農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境法規(guī)建設(shè)。比如,統(tǒng)一休閑農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境管理、制定休閑農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境保護(hù)的專門法律篇章、加大休閑農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境執(zhí)法力度、完善環(huán)境保護(hù)的法律監(jiān)督、健全休閑農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境保護(hù)的配套制度,包括嚴(yán)格行業(yè)準(zhǔn)入制度、建立資源有償使用制度、組建農(nóng)村環(huán)保的非政府組織制度等。
[Abstract]:Leisure agriculture is a rising sun industry. With the rapid development of economy and the acceleration of urbanization, the urban environment is deteriorating, and all kinds of "modern civilization diseases" are highlighted. People in the city are deeply troubled, return to nature, and ease body and mind become the inner appeal. Leisure agriculture, with its fresh natural scenery, colorful farming culture and simple folk customs, not only meets the physical and mental needs of urban residents in leisure tourism, but also adjusts the agricultural structure and promotes the increase of farmers' income. The important means of developing rural economy has been attached great importance to by our government at all levels and developed rapidly. However, in the course of the development of leisure agriculture project, there are many problems, such as the destruction of resources and ecological pollution, which urgently need to be guided by environmental theory and regulated by law. Nowadays, people pay more attention to the legislation of leisure agriculture, but the research in this field is still blank. It is not only of great theoretical significance, but also of practical value to explore the construction of legal system in the field of leisure agriculture. Based on the theory of sustainable development and the theory of environmental law, this paper discusses the construction of environmental laws and regulations for the development of leisure agriculture from the perspective of ecological environment. Therefore, the lack of environmental laws and regulations in leisure agriculture is discussed by using the relevant theories of tourism, ecology, environmental law and so on. Through the detailed analysis of the collected data and the practice of the development of leisure agriculture industry, this study considers that there are many problems in the development of leisure agriculture in the aspects of project development, agricultural production, resource utilization, scenic area environmental construction, etc. There are four main characteristics of environmental damage: one is the latent length of the damage, the other is the long duration of the damage, the third is the wide range of damage, and the fourth is the difficulty of damage management. The existing environmental legal system can not play an effective role in many aspects of environmental protection of leisure agriculture. Case study shows that the perfection of environmental protection laws of leisure agriculture is closely related to the benign development of industry. And then through the comparative study of the legal protection of leisure agriculture in the United States, Germany, Japan and Taiwan, It shows that all the countries and regions in the world that have achieved great success in the development of leisure agriculture pay attention to the construction of environmental legal system of leisure agriculture, and the legal lever is to protect the ecological resources of leisure agriculture. Coordinating the relationship between economic benefits and environmental benefits plays an active role, which fully explains the importance of the construction of environmental laws and regulations for leisure agriculture. Therefore, some suggestions are put forward in this study in the hope that it will be beneficial to the construction of environmental laws and regulations for leisure agriculture in China. For example, to unify the management of the leisure agricultural environment, to formulate a special legal chapter on the protection of the environment of leisure agriculture, to increase the enforcement of the law on the environment of leisure agriculture, to improve the legal supervision of environmental protection, and to improve the supporting system for the protection of the environment of the leisure agriculture. Including strict industry access system, the establishment of the system of paid use of resources, the establishment of rural environmental protection non-governmental organization system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D922.68;F323.4

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