【摘要】： 作為治理污染的新舉措,排污權(quán)制度近年來在許多國家廣為運(yùn)用。我國自20世紀(jì)八十年代末開始引入排污權(quán)制度,而關(guān)于排污權(quán)的法律屬性和初始配置方式等問題,現(xiàn)行立法中尚未有專門、系統(tǒng)的規(guī)定。理論界對于排污權(quán)制度的研究,特別是從行政法學(xué)意義上的界定仍顯單薄。實(shí)踐中,我國長期實(shí)行的是濃度控制的污染物控制策略,并通過行政配置的單一模式由政府環(huán)保部門無償授予行政相對人以排污權(quán)。這一做法忽視了環(huán)境容量的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值,故而不得不設(shè)立排污收費(fèi)制度以彌補(bǔ)。其后果是不但不能有效控制污染物的排放量,還造成了環(huán)境資源低效率利用和權(quán)力尋租等問題。近年來我國部分地區(qū)開展了初始排污許可指標(biāo)的有償分配試點(diǎn)工作,但具體采用何種分配模式仍是爭議的焦點(diǎn),要構(gòu)建一個(gè)科學(xué)合理的初始排污權(quán)分配體系,我國目前還存在些許制度障礙。 對此筆者閱讀了大量文獻(xiàn)資料,結(jié)合我國現(xiàn)狀和域外經(jīng)驗(yàn),從行政法學(xué)的角度將排污權(quán)的法律性質(zhì)界定為一種特許物權(quán)。同時(shí)對太湖流域等地排污權(quán)有償分配工作的經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行總結(jié),將市場機(jī)制引入初始配置過程,嘗試對我國排污權(quán)的初始分配體系進(jìn)行如下構(gòu)建:在污染物的總量控制戰(zhàn)略的基礎(chǔ)上,通過頒發(fā)排污許可證的形式,采用以公開拍賣為主、免費(fèi)分配和定價(jià)出售為輔的混合模式分配初始排污權(quán)。同時(shí)為保障初始分配的公平性和合理性,筆者在完善立法、區(qū)域性環(huán)境機(jī)關(guān)設(shè)置、加強(qiáng)環(huán)境監(jiān)管等方面提出了改進(jìn)建議。
[Abstract]:As a new measure to control pollution, emission right system has been widely used in many countries in recent years. Since the end of the eighties of the 20th century, the system of emission rights has been introduced in our country. However, there are no special and systematic regulations on the legal attributes and initial allocation of emission rights in the current legislation. The research on emission right system, especially the definition in the sense of administrative law, is still weak. In practice, China has been carrying out the pollutant control strategy of concentration control for a long time, and the government environmental protection department has granted the administrative counterpart the right to discharge pollution free of charge through a single mode of administrative allocation. This ignores the economic value of environmental capacity, so a sewage charge system has to be set up to make up for it. The result is that the emission of pollutants can not be effectively controlled, but also the problems of inefficient utilization of environmental resources and power rent-seeking are caused. In recent years, some areas of our country have carried out the paid distribution pilot work of the initial emission permit index, but the specific distribution mode is still the focus of controversy, we should build a scientific and reasonable initial emission right distribution system. At present, there are still some institutional obstacles in our country. In view of this, the author has read a lot of documents, combined with the present situation and the overseas experience of our country, defines the legal nature of the pollution discharge right as a kind of special property right from the angle of administrative law. At the same time, the experience of the paid allocation of sewage rights in Taihu Basin and other places is summarized, and the market mechanism is introduced into the initial allocation process. This paper attempts to construct the initial distribution system of emission rights in China as follows: on the basis of the total amount control strategy of pollutants, through the issuance of emission permits, mainly by public auction, Free distribution and pricing are supplemented by a mixed mode of allocation of initial emission rights. In order to ensure the fairness and rationality of initial distribution, the author puts forward some suggestions for improving legislation, setting up regional environmental agencies and strengthening environmental supervision.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D922.6

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 王傳良;排污權(quán)的準(zhǔn)物權(quán)制度化研究[D];西安建筑科技大學(xué);2011年

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本文編號：2363738