【摘要】：～ 森林資源產(chǎn)權(quán)制度是調(diào)整林業(yè)生產(chǎn)關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)規(guī)范和影響林業(yè)生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展的重要因素,我國(guó)現(xiàn)有集體森林資源面積占全國(guó)林業(yè)總面積的57.55%,集體森林資源在我國(guó)林業(yè)發(fā)展事業(yè)中一直發(fā)揮著舉足輕重的作用,是我國(guó)林業(yè)的重要組成部分和林業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的物質(zhì)載體,因此集體森林資源產(chǎn)權(quán)制度改革是解放林業(yè)生產(chǎn)的主要途徑,是解決林業(yè)發(fā)展深層次矛盾的根本辦法,是挖掘林業(yè)自身發(fā)展?jié)摿Φ膬?nèi)在要求。我國(guó)集體森林資源產(chǎn)權(quán)制度改革歷經(jīng)幾次變革,在全國(guó)林業(yè)工作會(huì)議和2003年中共中央國(guó)務(wù)院《關(guān)于加快林業(yè)發(fā)展的決定》發(fā)布后得到了快速發(fā)展,2006年中央1號(hào)文件和“十一五”規(guī)劃綱要,都對(duì)加快集體森林資源產(chǎn)權(quán)制度改革提出了明確要求,促進(jìn)了改革的進(jìn)一步深化。面對(duì)集體森林資源產(chǎn)權(quán)制度改革面臨的難得機(jī)遇,全國(guó)27個(gè)省區(qū)市先后成立了集體森林資源產(chǎn)權(quán)制度改革領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu)和工作機(jī)構(gòu)并有16個(gè)省市區(qū)結(jié)合當(dāng)?shù)氐膶?shí)際情況制定了相關(guān)的政策性文件,以林權(quán)制度改革為突破口,積極探索建立適應(yīng)社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)要求的林業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)管理體制。 一直以來(lái),我國(guó)的集體森林資源產(chǎn)權(quán)制度存在著產(chǎn)權(quán)概念模糊、主體虛置、權(quán)責(zé)利不清、處置權(quán)受限、收益權(quán)落實(shí)不到位等體制性障礙,不利于生產(chǎn)要素向林業(yè)聚集,制約了林業(yè)的快速發(fā)展。隨著改革的深化,福建、江西、遼寧等試點(diǎn)省市主體改革任務(wù)已基本完成,并取得顯著成果,但由于林權(quán)制度的特殊性和復(fù)雜性,在客觀上決定了林權(quán)制度改革是一項(xiàng)不斷完善和深化的過(guò)程,這些經(jīng)過(guò)了長(zhǎng)期探索和實(shí)踐的具體措施,在改革進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)的過(guò)程中又出現(xiàn)了新問(wèn)題、新情況,改革配套措施欠缺,體制和機(jī)制理不順,仍需要繼續(xù)深化、繼續(xù)規(guī)范、繼續(xù)完善。 本文通過(guò)對(duì)產(chǎn)權(quán)基本理論的深入探討,回顧和總結(jié)我國(guó)集體森林資源產(chǎn)權(quán)制度的歷史沿革和現(xiàn)狀,借鑒國(guó)外林業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的法制經(jīng)驗(yàn),采用實(shí)證分析和理論歸納等方法,對(duì)我國(guó)集體森林資源產(chǎn)權(quán)制度改革進(jìn)程中出現(xiàn)的新問(wèn)題、新情況進(jìn)行了深刻探討,提出了在法律的視角下完善相應(yīng)問(wèn)題解決方案的建設(shè)性意見(jiàn),為早日實(shí)現(xiàn)我國(guó)集體森林資源產(chǎn)權(quán)制度改革的總體目標(biāo),即到2010年基本完成以農(nóng)民家庭承包經(jīng)營(yíng)為主體,以明晰林地使用權(quán)和林木所有權(quán)、放活經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán),落實(shí)處置權(quán),確保收益權(quán)為主要內(nèi)容的改革任務(wù)提供學(xué)理上的參考。
[Abstract]:The property right system of forest resources is the basic criterion of adjusting forestry production relations and the important factor affecting the development of forestry productivity. The area of collective forest resources in China accounts for 57.55% of the total area of forestry in China. Collective forest resources have been playing an important role in the development of forestry in China, which is an important part of forestry and the material carrier of sustainable development of forestry in China. Therefore, the reform of collective forest resources property right system is the main way to liberate forestry production, the fundamental method to solve the deep-seated contradiction in forestry development, and the inherent requirement of tapping forestry development potential. The reform of the property right system of collective forest resources in China has undergone several changes. After the National Forestry work Conference and the decision of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on accelerating Forestry Development were issued in 2003, rapid development was achieved. In 2006, the first document of the Central Committee and the outline of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan were issued. Both of them put forward clear requirements for speeding up the reform of collective forest resources property right system, and promoted the further deepening of the reform. Facing the rare opportunity of the reform of collective forest resources property right system, Twenty-seven provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities have successively set up leading and working institutions for the reform of the property rights system of collective forest resources, and 16 provinces, municipalities and municipalities have formulated relevant policy documents in light of the actual local conditions, taking the reform of the forest property right system as a breakthrough. Actively explore the establishment of the socialist market economy to meet the requirements of forestry management system. All along, the system of collective forest resources property right in our country has some system obstacles, such as the concept of property right is vague, the subject is empty, the rights and responsibilities are not clear, the right of disposal is limited, and the right of income is not implemented in place, which is not conducive to the accumulation of production elements into forestry. It restricts the rapid development of forestry. With the deepening of the reform, the main reform tasks of Fujian, Jiangxi, Liaoning and other pilot provinces have been basically completed, and remarkable results have been achieved. However, due to the particularity and complexity of the forest tenure system, Objectively, it is decided that the reform of forest property right system is a process of continuous improvement and deepening. These concrete measures, which have been explored and practiced for a long time, have produced new problems and new situations in the course of further advancing the reform. The reform needs to be deepened, standardized and perfected. This paper reviews and summarizes the historical evolution and present situation of the property right system of collective forest resources in China through the thorough discussion of the basic theory of property rights, and draws lessons from the relevant legal experience of foreign developed countries in forestry. By means of empirical analysis and theoretical induction, the new problems and new situations in the reform of collective forest resources property right system in China are deeply discussed. In order to realize the overall goal of the reform of collective forest resources property right system in China as soon as possible, the author puts forward some constructive suggestions on how to perfect the corresponding problem solution from the angle of law, that is, to basically complete the peasant household contract management by 2010. To clarify the right to use forest land and forest ownership, to release the right to operate, to implement the right to dispose, to ensure the right to income as the main content of the reform task to provide theoretical and theoretical reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：D922.63;F326.2

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