【摘要】：隨著環(huán)境問題的日益嚴重,人們的環(huán)境意識也逐漸增強,并且在努力尋求各種途徑來解決環(huán)境問題。環(huán)境問題單單靠政府的努力是遠遠不夠的,還需要發(fā)揮各行業(yè)和個人的能動性,投身于保護環(huán)境中來。銀行掌握大量的資金,它是社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中不可缺少的資源,銀行只有利用好這一資源,將資金遠離“兩高一�！钡漠a(chǎn)業(yè),投向更為環(huán)保的綠色新興行業(yè)和企業(yè),才是勇于承擔(dān)環(huán)境責(zé)任的表現(xiàn)。綠色金融制度已在世界各國中快速的發(fā)展,制定結(jié)合金融機構(gòu)的環(huán)保政策,對我國銀行履行環(huán)境責(zé)任發(fā)揮了積極的推動意義,但在缺乏硬性約束的條件下,其貫徹實施遇到了諸多困難。國家開發(fā)銀行目前處于由政策性銀行向商業(yè)銀行完善時期,它需要保有政策性銀行時期的優(yōu)勢和經(jīng)驗,利用開發(fā)性金融機構(gòu)的性質(zhì)開拓銀行業(yè)綠色經(jīng)濟的新領(lǐng)域,在商業(yè)銀行領(lǐng)域承擔(dān)環(huán)境責(zé)任,避免與其他商業(yè)銀行進行同質(zhì)化競爭。 國家開發(fā)銀行以前是政府的職能部門,保護環(huán)境是它的職責(zé)所在。因此,它會不遺余力的支持國家重點扶持的環(huán)保企業(yè)和項目,為他們提供貸款優(yōu)惠,并貫徹落實國家的環(huán)保政策,是銀行業(yè)承擔(dān)環(huán)境責(zé)任的主力軍。但轉(zhuǎn)制后的國家開發(fā)銀行因納入商業(yè)銀行范疇,在執(zhí)行環(huán)保政策和承擔(dān)環(huán)境責(zé)任方面存在弱化的跡象。從政策性銀行環(huán)境責(zé)任理論和商業(yè)銀行環(huán)境責(zé)任理論為基礎(chǔ),強調(diào)國家開發(fā)銀行承擔(dān)環(huán)境責(zé)任的必然性。通過國家開發(fā)銀行轉(zhuǎn)制前后承擔(dān)環(huán)境責(zé)任和與其他商業(yè)銀行承擔(dān)環(huán)境責(zé)任的比較研究,用理論論證和實驗論證相結(jié)合的方法,對國家開發(fā)銀行承擔(dān)環(huán)境責(zé)任存在的問題進行了剖析。建議：轉(zhuǎn)制后國家開發(fā)銀行仍應(yīng)該將環(huán)境保護放在重要的地位,并結(jié)合自身的優(yōu)點和存在的問題,完善綠色信貸制度,構(gòu)建激勵機制,建立涉農(nóng)環(huán)保基金,使積極廣泛的承擔(dān)環(huán)境責(zé)任成為銀行的一大特色,并修改法律讓銀行在不履行環(huán)境責(zé)任時依法承擔(dān)行政責(zé)任和民事責(zé)任,為其他商業(yè)銀行承擔(dān)環(huán)境責(zé)任樹立榜樣。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly serious environmental problems, people's environmental awareness is gradually enhanced, and efforts to find various ways to solve environmental problems. Government efforts alone are not enough for environmental problems. It is also necessary to give full play to the initiative of various industries and individuals and devote themselves to the protection of the environment. Banks have a large amount of capital, which is an indispensable resource in the social and economic development. Banks must make good use of this resource and move their funds away from the "two high and one surplus" industries and invest in green emerging industries and enterprises that are more environmentally friendly. Is the courage to assume environmental responsibility performance. The green financial system has developed rapidly in the world. The establishment of environmental protection policies combined with financial institutions has played a positive role in promoting the banks' environmental responsibility in China, but in the absence of rigid constraints, Its implementation has encountered many difficulties. The China Development Bank is at present in a period of perfection from policy banks to commercial banks. It needs to retain the advantages and experience of policy banks, and exploit the nature of development financial institutions to open up a new field of green economy in the banking sector. Assume environmental responsibility in the commercial bank field and avoid competing with other commercial banks in the same quality. The National Development Bank used to be a government function, and protecting the environment is its responsibility. Therefore, it will spare no effort to support the national key support of environmental protection enterprises and projects, provide them with loans, and implement the national environmental protection policy, which is the main force for the banking industry to assume environmental responsibility. However, the China Development Bank has some signs of weakening in carrying out environmental protection policy and undertaking environmental responsibility because it is included in the scope of commercial banks. Based on the environmental responsibility theory of policy banks and the environmental responsibility theory of commercial banks, the necessity of undertaking environmental responsibility of national development banks is emphasized. Through the comparative study of environmental responsibility before and after the transformation of the China Development Bank and with other commercial banks, the method of combining theoretical and experimental argumentation is used. This paper analyzes the problems existing in the undertaking of environmental responsibility by China Development Bank. It is suggested that the National Development Bank should still put environmental protection in an important position after restructuring, and combine its own advantages and existing problems, perfect the green credit system, construct the incentive mechanism, and establish the fund for agricultural and environmental protection. To make the positive and extensive environmental responsibility become a major feature of the bank, and to modify the law to enable banks to bear administrative and civil liabilities when they do not perform environmental responsibilities, and to set an example for other commercial banks to bear environmental responsibilities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D922.6;D922.281

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