本文選題：生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制度 + 循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)�。� 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)以來,我國的資源短缺和環(huán)境惡化問題日益突出。傳統(tǒng)的粗放型的生產(chǎn)模式以高污染、高消耗為特點,已經(jīng)不利于我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展模式顛覆了傳統(tǒng)的粗放型的生產(chǎn)模式,它以資源的減量化(Reduce、再利用(Reuse)、資源化(Resource)為核心,是解決資源短缺、環(huán)境惡化及實現(xiàn)我國可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要途徑。 循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)戰(zhàn)略的實施需要與之相匹配的責(zé)任體系。在生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任體系中,傳統(tǒng)責(zé)任邊界的劃分使得生產(chǎn)者缺乏對產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行回收利用的動力和約束力。我國2009年1月1日施行的《循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)促進(jìn)法》第十五條規(guī)定了生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制度,該制度的合理性在于它將生產(chǎn)者的責(zé)任范圍延伸至產(chǎn)品廢棄后的階段,從而能夠有效的促進(jìn)生產(chǎn)者從產(chǎn)品的整個生命周期著眼,改進(jìn)產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計和生產(chǎn)工藝,并重新組織其經(jīng)營方式,促進(jìn)產(chǎn)品廢棄后的循環(huán)利用,從而推動循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。該制度在我國正式建立不久,其規(guī)定還比較原則化,廢棄產(chǎn)品的強(qiáng)制回收名錄也遲未公布,其實施機(jī)制還需進(jìn)一步完善。 本文是以循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展模式為依托,通過借鑒國外的相關(guān)經(jīng)驗,進(jìn)一步探討我國生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制度的內(nèi)涵、發(fā)展的歷程、存在的問題、責(zé)任主體、責(zé)任內(nèi)容、實施對象及運作的法律機(jī)制。筆者希望通過提出有效的建議來完善我國生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制度的實施機(jī)制,使其有法可依、有章可循。 本文分為四章。第一章是有關(guān)生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制度的基本概述,分三個部分。第一部分闡述了生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制度的內(nèi)涵及核心,指出生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制度是國家為了應(yīng)對產(chǎn)品廢棄物污染所指定或認(rèn)可的,對生產(chǎn)者承擔(dān)延伸責(zé)任起到引導(dǎo)、促進(jìn)或強(qiáng)制作用的一系列法律規(guī)范的總和。生產(chǎn)者延伸責(zé)任指以生產(chǎn)者為主導(dǎo)的責(zé)任主體在產(chǎn)品的整個生命周期中所承擔(dān)的“綠色設(shè)計”責(zé)任、廢棄物回收、處置和循環(huán)利用責(zé)任等。第二部分闡述了生產(chǎn)者延伸責(zé)任與產(chǎn)品責(zé)任的區(qū)別,在比較中識別生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制度與其他相關(guān)責(zé)任制度的不同之處。第三部分闡述了生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制度的理論基礎(chǔ)。筆者從環(huán)境權(quán)、產(chǎn)品生命周期、外部性內(nèi)部化理論、利益分析理論等方面闡述了該制度的理論基礎(chǔ)。 第二章論述了循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)對生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制度的導(dǎo)向功能�？偣卜譃閮蓚�部分,第一部分概述了循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)的內(nèi)涵和原則,指出循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)是在生產(chǎn)、流通和消費過程中進(jìn)行的減量化、再利用、資源化活動的總稱,減量化、再利用和資源化是它的基本原則。第二部分闡述循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)和生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制度的關(guān)系,指出循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)對生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制度的導(dǎo)向功能,生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制度是循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)的保障。 第三章是生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制度國內(nèi)外比較研究。本章分為兩個部分,第一部分是對瑞典、德國、美國、日本、歐盟的生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制度的立法及實施情況進(jìn)行比較研究,并總結(jié)其特點,分析各國可供我國借鑒及注意的地方。第二部分闡述我國生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制度的立法的歷程及實施現(xiàn)狀,提出目前存在的問題和困境。對國外的生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制度的比較研究及對我國現(xiàn)狀的分析,為第四章的構(gòu)建及完善建議打下基礎(chǔ),已備于有的放矢。 第四章是我國生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制度的構(gòu)建和完善。第一部分制度構(gòu)建中,筆者以我國現(xiàn)有法律制度為依據(jù),并結(jié)合其不足之處,界定且完善了我國生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制度的責(zé)任主體、內(nèi)容、實施對象、回收體系和訴訟機(jī)制。第二部分則從以下幾個方面提出了完善的建議：1.完善立法體系；2.完善環(huán)境稅費制度；3.加強(qiáng)環(huán)境監(jiān)督管理；4.完善信息披露制度；5.大力發(fā)展靜脈產(chǎn)業(yè)和生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸組織；6.增強(qiáng)公眾參與意識,發(fā)揚創(chuàng)新精神。
[Abstract]:Since twenty-first Century, the shortage of resources and the deterioration of the environment in China have become increasingly prominent. The traditional extensive production mode is characterized by high pollution and high consumption, which is not conducive to the sustainable development of China's economy. The development model of the circular economy subverts the traditional model of extensive production, which is reduced by the Reduce. Reuse) Resource is the core of solving the shortage of resources, worsening the environment and realizing the sustainable development of our country.
In the producer responsibility system, the division of the traditional responsibility boundary makes the producers lack the power and binding force on the recovery and utilization of the products in the producer responsibility system. In January 1, 2009, the fifteenth article of the circular economy promotion law in China stipulates the extension system of producer responsibility. The rationality of the degree is that it extends the producer's responsibility to the stage of product abandonment, which can effectively promote the producer's whole life cycle, improve the design and production process of the product, reorganize its operation mode, promote the recycling of the product after abandonment, and promote the development of the circular economy. The system has been formally established in China, and its provisions are more principled. The list of compulsory recycling of abandoned products has not been published, and its implementation mechanism needs to be further improved.
This article is based on the development model of circular economy, and further explores the connotation, the course of development, the existing problems, the subject of responsibility, the content of responsibility, the content of responsibility, the object and the legal mechanism of operation. The writer hopes to improve the producers of our country by putting forward effective suggestions. The implementation mechanism of the responsibility extension system enables it to follow the law and follow the rules.
This article is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is the basic outline of the extension system of producer responsibility. The first part is divided into three parts. The first part expounds the connotation and core of the extension system of producer responsibility, and points out that the extended producer responsibility system is designated or approved by the state in order to cope with the pollution of product waste. The sum of a series of legal norms for guidance, promotion or coercion. The producer extended responsibility refers to the "green design" responsibility, waste recycling, disposal and recycling responsibility, which the producer led main body takes in the whole life cycle of the product. The second part expounds the area of the producer extension responsibility and the product liability. The difference between the producer responsibility extension system and the other related responsibility system is identified in the comparison. The third part expounds the theoretical basis of the extension system of producer responsibility. The author expounds the theoretical basis of the system from the aspects of environmental rights, product life cycle, externality internalization theory and interest analysis theory.
The second chapter expounds the guiding function of circular economy to the extension system of producer responsibility. It is divided into two parts. The first part outlines the connotation and principles of the circular economy, and points out that the circular economy is the reduction, reuse, the general term of the resource based activities in the process of production, circulation and consumption. The second part expounds the relationship between the circular economy and the extension system of producer responsibility, and points out the guiding function of the circular economy to the extension system of producer responsibility, and the extension system of producer responsibility is the guarantee of the circular economy.
The third chapter is the comparative study of the producer responsibility extension system both at home and abroad. This chapter is divided into two parts. The first part is a comparative study of the legislation and implementation of the extended system of producer responsibility in Sweden, Germany, the United States, Japan and the EU. The characteristics are summarized and the places for reference and attention in China are analyzed in the second part. The course of the legislation of the extended producer responsibility system in China and the current situation of its implementation put forward the existing problems and difficulties. The comparative study of the extended producer responsibility system in foreign countries and the analysis of the current situation in China have laid the foundation for the construction and improvement of the fourth chapters.
The fourth chapter is the construction and perfection of the extension system of producer responsibility in our country. In the first part of the system construction, the author takes the existing legal system of our country as the basis, and combines its shortcomings, defines and perfects the responsibility subject of the extension system of producer responsibility in our country, the content, the implementation of the image, the recovery system and the litigation mechanism. The second part is from the following Several suggestions are put forward: 1. perfect the legislative system; 2. improve the environmental tax and fee system; 3. strengthen environmental supervision and management; 4. improve the information disclosure system; 5. vigorously develop the extension organization of the venous industry and producer responsibility; 6. enhance the public participation consciousness and carry forward the spirit of innovation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D922.6;F205

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