本文選題：環(huán)境法律責(zé)任 + 環(huán)境道德責(zé)任��； 參考：《中國政法大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 環(huán)境問題久治不愈,使我們感覺到落實政府環(huán)境責(zé)任的重要性,研究政府環(huán)境責(zé)任問題已成為環(huán)境法工作者的一項社會責(zé)任。論文通過對資料的收集和分析,在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,通過比較和分析的論證方法,對政府環(huán)境責(zé)任特別是地方政府環(huán)境責(zé)任做了一些初步的探索。 全文主要分為兩個部分,第一個部分主要是介紹地方政府環(huán)境責(zé)任的內(nèi)容。指出了地方政府環(huán)境責(zé)任就是地方政府環(huán)境政治責(zé)任、環(huán)境道德責(zé)任和環(huán)境法律責(zé)任總和。認(rèn)為地方政府環(huán)境政治責(zé)任就是地方各級政府中擔(dān)任領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職務(wù)的公務(wù)員、以及地方各級人大代表必須合理作出符合民意的環(huán)境決策,并推動該決策執(zhí)行,以及沒有履行好這些職責(zé)時所應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)的譴責(zé)和制裁。其責(zé)任的實現(xiàn)形式主要是質(zhì)詢和罷免。而地方政府環(huán)境道德責(zé)任則是地方政府的環(huán)境行政機關(guān)和環(huán)境行政人員所應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)的一項責(zé)任,其責(zé)任范圍就是充分保障個人的環(huán)境權(quán)、提供清潔的適合人類生存的公共環(huán)境產(chǎn)品與推動社會的清潔可持續(xù)發(fā)展。對于地方政府環(huán)境法律責(zé)任,其責(zé)任主要是環(huán)境行政機關(guān)及其工作人員的一種工作責(zé)任,根據(jù)環(huán)境行政機關(guān)的職責(zé)范圍,其承擔(dān)的環(huán)境法律責(zé)任主要有撤銷舊的錯誤的行政行為,重新新作出具體行政行為;在法定期限履行曾經(jīng)不履行或者拖延履行的法定職責(zé);賠償由于具體行政行為侵犯了行政相對人合法權(quán)益而造成的損失。而環(huán)境行政機關(guān)工作人員承擔(dān)的環(huán)境法律責(zé)任主要有行政處分,行政賠償以及對應(yīng)的刑事責(zé)任。 本文第二個部分主要介紹了地方政府環(huán)境政治責(zé)任、環(huán)境道德責(zé)任和環(huán)境法律責(zé)任相互間的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系。指出了三種責(zé)任間責(zé)任主體的不同,并對其責(zé)任范圍的不同也做出了簡要分析,除此外,對責(zé)任追究的主體和責(zé)任的實現(xiàn)形式也做了細(xì)致分析,對于地方政府環(huán)境政治責(zé)任來說,地方各級人大代表的責(zé)任追究主要是通過原選舉單位或者選民來完成的。如果人大代表不能代表原選舉單位或者選民的意愿,則原選舉單位或者選民可以將其罷免。其它政治責(zé)任主體的責(zé)任追究除了地方各級人大及其常委會可以對其提出質(zhì)詢和罷免以外,還可以通過其他社會團(tuán)體、組織、政黨等來提出和推動對于政治責(zé)任的追究。地方政府環(huán)境道德責(zé)任的追究主體主要是社會大眾,以及其它事業(yè)團(tuán)體組織,每個人都是一個追究主體。其途徑是通過社會公眾的輿論監(jiān)督,以及消極執(zhí)行等方式來表達(dá),而以責(zé)任主體的道德良知來達(dá)到責(zé)任的實現(xiàn)。而地方政府環(huán)境法律責(zé)任的追究主體包括兩類,第一類就是責(zé)任主體所在的政府行政機關(guān)及其上級部門,另外一類就是行政機關(guān)之外的司法機關(guān)。其責(zé)任實現(xiàn)形式由相關(guān)法律法規(guī)明確規(guī)定。
[Abstract]:The problem of the environment has not been cured for a long time, which makes us feel the importance of implementing the environmental responsibility of the government. Therefore, the study of the environmental responsibility of the government has become a social responsibility of the environmental law workers. Through the collection and analysis of the data, on the basis of previous studies, through the comparison and analysis of the argumentation method, the paper makes some preliminary exploration on the environmental responsibility of the government, especially the local government environmental responsibility. The first part mainly introduces the content of local government environmental responsibility. It is pointed out that the environmental responsibility of local government is the summation of environmental political responsibility, environmental moral responsibility and environmental legal responsibility. Holding that the environmental and political responsibility of local governments is that civil servants holding leading positions in local governments at all levels, as well as deputies to local people's congresses at all levels, must rationally make environmental decisions in line with public opinion and promote the implementation of such decisions. And blame and sanction for failing to perform these duties well. The main form of its responsibility is to question and recall. On the other hand, the environmental moral responsibility of local government is a responsibility that the environmental administrative organs and environmental administrative personnel of local governments should bear, and its scope of responsibility is to fully protect the environmental rights of individuals. Provide clean public environmental products suitable for human survival and promote clean and sustainable development of society. For the environmental legal responsibility of the local government, its responsibility is mainly a kind of work responsibility of the environmental administrative organ and its staff, according to the scope of the responsibility of the environmental administrative organ, Its environmental legal liability mainly includes repealing the old and wrong administrative acts, making new specific administrative acts, performing the legal duties which have not been fulfilled or delayed within the legal time limit; Compensation for losses caused by specific administrative acts that infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of administrative counterparts. The environmental legal liability of environmental administrative personnel mainly includes administrative punishment, administrative compensation and corresponding criminal liability. The second part of this paper mainly introduces the differences and relations among local governments' environmental political responsibility, environmental moral responsibility and environmental legal responsibility. This paper points out the differences of responsibility subjects among the three kinds of responsibilities, and makes a brief analysis of the differences in the scope of responsibility, in addition to the detailed analysis of the main body and the realization form of responsibility. For the environmental and political responsibilities of local governments, the accountability of local people's congresses at all levels is mainly carried out through the original electoral units or voters. If the NPC deputies cannot represent the original electoral units or the wishes of the voters, the former electoral units or voters may remove them. In addition to the local people's congresses and their standing committees at various levels, they can challenge and remove them, and they can also raise and promote the investigation of political responsibilities through other social organizations, and political parties. The main body of environmental moral responsibility of local government is the public, as well as other public organizations, everyone is a subject of investigation. The way is to express it through public opinion supervision and passive execution, and to achieve the realization of responsibility by the moral conscience of the responsible subject. There are two kinds of subjects to investigate the environmental legal responsibility of the local government. The first is the government administrative organ and its superior department, the other is the judicial organ outside the administrative organ. Its responsibility realization form is specified by the relevant laws and regulations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D922.68

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 李秀艷;多層次環(huán)境責(zé)任機制的建構(gòu)[D];吉林大學(xué);2011年

2 張志偉;政府環(huán)境責(zé)任問題研究[D];東北林業(yè)大學(xué);2010年

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本文編號：1890361