發(fā)布時間：2018-04-13 17:23

  本文選題：珍稀瀕危野生生物 + 保護��； 參考：《中國海洋大學》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 我國是世界上野生生物資源最眾多、生物多樣性最豐富的國家之一。保護好這些野生生物資源對保護生物多樣性、改善生態(tài)環(huán)境、維護生態(tài)平衡、推動科技進步、維護國家形象和聲譽,具有十分重要的意義。但是,由于經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,人類對野生生物資源利用的范圍和強度不斷擴大加深,使野生生物資源面臨過度利用和生存環(huán)境惡化的雙重壓力,很多物種已經(jīng)處于瀕危狀態(tài)。面對這種狀況,人類急需采取有力的措施來保存和保護瀕危生物物種。而物種的保護卻是一個復雜的工程,它涉及到多方面的內(nèi)容,需要運用多種手段進行調(diào)控,其中法律手段是珍稀瀕危野生生物保護最為重要、最為有效的手段。 雖然我國己經(jīng)有了一些關于珍稀瀕危野生生物保護的法律規(guī)范,并在我國的珍稀瀕危野生生物保護中發(fā)揮了重要作用。但是,我國珍稀瀕危野生生物保護狀況并不令人滿意�！吨腥A人民共和國野生動物保護法》自1988年制定以來,在保護珍稀瀕危的野生動物過程中起到了不可估量的作用。但是,十幾年來,面對珍稀瀕危野生動物保護形勢越來越嚴峻來看,不難發(fā)現(xiàn)《野生動物保護法》內(nèi)容粗糙、簡單過時,沒有體現(xiàn)當今的時代需求,有許多亟待完善之處�！吨腥A人民共和國野生植物保護條例》,是一部保護野生植物的行政法規(guī)。由于條例只是行政法規(guī),僅僅靠野生植物保護條例來控制和管理是適應不了現(xiàn)在社會的發(fā)展趨勢的,在實際貫徹和執(zhí)行中,起不到應有的震懾作用。為此我國在珍稀瀕危野生生物保護的法律對策上,應該立足國情、放眼世界,更多地學習和借鑒國內(nèi)外的先進經(jīng)驗,制定一套完善又適合中國國情的法律法規(guī)體系。針對這些問題,筆者建議對于珍稀瀕危野生生物資源的保護,應盡快由全國人民代表大會制定一部《珍稀瀕危野生生物保護法》,將其置于該領域各單行法律、法規(guī)之上,專門管理珍稀瀕危野生生物資源。這樣可以從根本上解決珍稀瀕危野生生物保護法律、法規(guī)體系的混亂,更有利于珍稀瀕危野生生物的保護。瀕危野生生物保護法通過調(diào)整社會關系,來達到協(xié)調(diào)保護與利用關系的目的,從而實現(xiàn)對于瀕危野生生物資源的可持續(xù)利用。這種社會關系包括人們在從事珍稀瀕危野生生物管理、保護、開發(fā)、利用瀕危資源過程中形成的。該法應以可持續(xù)發(fā)展理念為指導,以法律形式明確規(guī)定珍稀瀕危野生生物保護的目的、基本原則、基本制度,明確各級、各行業(yè)機構權限及管理分工、管理程序,加大對違法者的制裁。此外,還應強化對公眾參與的法律地位和相應權利義務的規(guī)定。
[Abstract]:China is one of the most abundant wildlife resources and biodiversity in the world.It is very important to protect these wildlife resources to protect biodiversity, improve ecological environment, maintain ecological balance, promote the progress of science and technology, and maintain the image and reputation of the country.However, due to the development of economy, the range and intensity of human utilization of wildlife resources are expanding and deepening, which makes wildlife resources face the double pressure of over-utilization and deterioration of living environment. Many species have been in endangered state.Faced with this situation, human beings urgently need to take effective measures to conserve and protect endangered species.However, the protection of species is a complex project, which involves many aspects and needs to be regulated by various means, among which the legal means are the most important and effective means for the protection of rare and endangered wildlife.Although our country already has some laws and regulations on the protection of rare and endangered wildlife, it has played an important role in the protection of rare and endangered wildlife in our country.However, the status of protection of rare and endangered wildlife in China is not satisfactory. The Wildlife Protection Law of the people's Republic of China has played an inestimable role in the process of protecting rare and endangered wildlife since it was formulated in 1988.However, in the face of the increasingly serious situation of the protection of rare and endangered wildlife over the past decade, it is not difficult to find that the content of the Wildlife Protection Law is crude, simple and outdated, and does not reflect the needs of the times today.The regulations of the people's Republic of China on the Protection of Wild plants is an administrative law for the protection of wild plants.Because the regulations are only administrative laws and regulations, only relying on the wildlife protection regulations to control and manage can not adapt to the current trend of social development, and in the actual implementation and implementation, it can not play its due role as a deterrent.Therefore, on the legal countermeasures of the protection of rare and endangered wildlife in China, we should base ourselves on the national conditions, look around the world, learn more from the advanced experience at home and abroad, and formulate a set of laws and regulations that are perfect and suitable for the national conditions of China.In view of these problems, the author suggests that for the protection of rare and endangered wildlife resources, the National people's Congress should formulate a "Law on the Protection of rare and Endangered Wildlife" as soon as possible, and put it above the separate laws and regulations in this field.Special management of rare and endangered wildlife resources.In this way, we can fundamentally solve the confusion of laws and regulations on the protection of rare and endangered wildlife, which is beneficial to the protection of rare and endangered wildlife.The Endangered Wildlife Protection Law adjusts social relations to achieve the purpose of coordinating the protection and utilization of endangered wildlife resources, thus realizing the sustainable utilization of endangered wildlife resources.This social relationship includes people engaged in rare and endangered wildlife management, protection, development, utilization of endangered resources.This law should be guided by the concept of sustainable development, and clearly stipulate the purpose, basic principles, basic system, authority, division of labor and management procedures for the protection of rare and endangered wildlife in the form of laws.Increase sanctions against violators.In addition, the legal status of public participation and the corresponding rights and obligations should be strengthened.
【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D922.68

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