本文選題：環(huán)境法律責(zé)任　切入點(diǎn)：忍受限度論　出處：《大連海事大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文

【摘要】： 環(huán)境法律責(zé)任的違法性要件研究,在環(huán)境法理論研究領(lǐng)域具有重要意義,而且對(duì)實(shí)踐中近些年頻繁出現(xiàn)的環(huán)境污染環(huán)境案件有現(xiàn)實(shí)的指導(dǎo)意義。一方面是補(bǔ)償受害人的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失、保護(hù)環(huán)境和公眾利益;另一方面是維持企業(yè)的正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)、發(fā)展社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì),如何在互相沖突的利益中作出法律調(diào)整,究竟需不需要行為的違法性作為行為人承擔(dān)環(huán)境法律責(zé)任的要件是環(huán)境法學(xué)必須認(rèn)真處理的重要問(wèn)題。 本文認(rèn)為,無(wú)論是環(huán)境民事法律責(zé)任、環(huán)境行政法律責(zé)任還是環(huán)境刑事法律責(zé)任,均需要以行為人的行為違法作為構(gòu)成要件:在環(huán)境民事法律責(zé)任方面,違法性不僅指違反法律、法規(guī),更是指行為違反公序良俗,侵害了受害人的合法環(huán)境法益或者存在侵害危險(xiǎn),即在違法性判斷上需采取“實(shí)質(zhì)違法說(shuō)”。在承擔(dān)環(huán)境民事法律責(zé)任的方式上,除了要考慮受害人所受損害的程度外,也需要考慮行為人自身利益和其對(duì)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的貢獻(xiàn)等問(wèn)題,在此基礎(chǔ)上適當(dāng)?shù)慕梃b國(guó)外的成熟法理和規(guī)則。在環(huán)境行政法律責(zé)任方面,認(rèn)定違法性主要依據(jù)行為違反相關(guān)行政法律法規(guī)的明文規(guī)定,出現(xiàn)實(shí)際侵害結(jié)果只是違法性程度的認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn),量的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。在此條件下,違法性的含義主要指形式違法性。并且要重點(diǎn)考慮行為人根據(jù)違法的環(huán)境行政許可所實(shí)施的行為是否具有“違法性”。環(huán)境刑事法律責(zé)任中行政違法性是犯罪化的前置條件,沒(méi)有行政上的違法性,就沒(méi)有刑事上的違法性。在此條件下,違法性含義指形式違法性。環(huán)境犯罪具有行政從屬性,作為環(huán)境犯罪構(gòu)成要素之一的“違反……法律、法規(guī)”(一般違法),就與該行為總體上所違反的刑法規(guī)范(刑事違法),共同構(gòu)成了環(huán)境犯罪具有的雙重違法結(jié)構(gòu)模式。
[Abstract]:The research on the illegal elements of environmental legal liability is of great significance in the field of environmental law theory research. On the one hand, it is to compensate the victims of economic losses, protect the environment and public interests; on the other hand, it is to maintain the normal operation of enterprises. To develop social economy, how to make legal adjustment in the conflict of interests, and whether the illegal behavior should be regarded as the important element for the actor to bear the environmental legal responsibility is an important problem which must be seriously dealt with in environmental law. This paper holds that, whether it is environmental civil legal liability, environmental administrative legal liability or environmental criminal legal liability, it is necessary to take the illegal behavior of the perpetrator as the constitutive requirement: in the aspect of environmental civil legal liability, Illegality not only refers to violations of laws and regulations, but also refers to acts that violate public order and good customs, infringe upon the legal interests of environmental law of the victims or are in danger of infringement. That is to say, in the judgment of illegality, "substantial illegality" should be adopted. In the way of assuming civil liability for the environment, in addition to considering the extent of the damage suffered by the victim, Also need to consider the actor's own interests and their contribution to the social and economic development, on this basis, on the basis of appropriate reference to foreign mature legal principles and rules. In environmental administrative legal liability, The determination of illegality is mainly based on the act violating the explicit provisions of the relevant administrative laws and regulations, and the actual result of the infringement is only the criterion of determining the degree of illegality and the standard of quantity. Under these conditions, The meaning of illegality mainly refers to the form illegality. It is also important to consider whether the behavior carried out by the perpetrator according to the illegal environmental administrative license has "illegality". In the environmental criminal law liability, the administrative illegality is the precondition for the criminalization. If there is no administrative illegality, there will be no criminal illegality. Under this condition, illegality means formal illegality. The general violation of laws and regulations, together with the criminal law norms (criminal offences) violated by this act in general, constitutes the dual illegal structure model of environmental crime.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D912.6

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 張春玲;我國(guó)的環(huán)境刑事保護(hù)機(jī)制研究[D];中國(guó)政法大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：1682259