本文選題：農(nóng)村環(huán)境污染　切入點(diǎn)：防治措施　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 農(nóng)村是人類賴以生存的物質(zhì)資源的提供者,也是社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展過程中原材料的提供者。我國作為一個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)大國,農(nóng)村的重要性更為突出。沒有農(nóng)村的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,就沒有全國的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。但是,隨著我國現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程的加快,農(nóng)村環(huán)境污染問題開始顯現(xiàn)。由于多種因素的制約,我國農(nóng)村環(huán)境污染沒有得到有效治理,制約著我國農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。在防治農(nóng)村環(huán)境污染的諸多措施中,法律手段的作用非常關(guān)鍵。 本文首先介紹了我國農(nóng)村環(huán)境污染問題的概況,包括農(nóng)村環(huán)境及農(nóng)村環(huán)境污染污染的概念,農(nóng)村環(huán)境污染的特點(diǎn)和造成的危害。對于我國農(nóng)村環(huán)境污染的現(xiàn)狀,從農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)污染、工業(yè)污染和生活污染三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行闡述。接著從經(jīng)濟(jì)、制度、法律和農(nóng)村自身四個(gè)方面指出了造成農(nóng)村環(huán)境污染的原因。我國現(xiàn)行法律體系中關(guān)于農(nóng)村環(huán)境污染防治的規(guī)定比較繁雜,本文進(jìn)行了簡要的總結(jié)和分析,指出其取得的成就和不足。國外發(fā)達(dá)國家對防治農(nóng)村環(huán)境污染有著較為成熟的做法,本文著重分析了這些國家在農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染防治、畜禽養(yǎng)殖污染防治和農(nóng)村生活垃圾和污水的處理三個(gè)領(lǐng)域采取的多種措施,特別是法律措施,概括出我國可以借鑒的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 加大對農(nóng)村環(huán)境污染的防治力度,必須要有一個(gè)與之相適應(yīng)的法律體系。本文的重點(diǎn)放在我國農(nóng)村環(huán)境污染防治法律體系的完善上,主要從完善我國農(nóng)村環(huán)境保護(hù)法律體系的依據(jù)和總體要求、修改《環(huán)境保護(hù)法》,增加有關(guān)農(nóng)村環(huán)境的規(guī)定、制定《農(nóng)村環(huán)境污染防治法》、加快單項(xiàng)領(lǐng)域立法,完善配套法律法規(guī)和鼓勵(lì)地方根據(jù)本地實(shí)際進(jìn)行立法等方面進(jìn)行了分析和研究,特別是對《農(nóng)村環(huán)境污染防治法》的制定和地方立法的加強(qiáng)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)論述。對于《農(nóng)村環(huán)境污染防治法》的主要內(nèi)容,本文認(rèn)為應(yīng)包括總則、監(jiān)督管理、農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)污染防治、工業(yè)污染防治、生活污染防治、科技創(chuàng)新和資金投入和法律責(zé)任及農(nóng)民環(huán)境權(quán)益保護(hù)七個(gè)部分。 農(nóng)村環(huán)境污染問題的解決,關(guān)系到農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)健康發(fā)展和社會(huì)的繁榮穩(wěn)定,需要法律、經(jīng)濟(jì)和科技手段等多種措施密切配合,才能有效防治污染的蔓延。建立完善的農(nóng)村環(huán)境污染防治法律體系無疑是這些措施得以順利實(shí)施的前提,必須加快立法進(jìn)程,對相關(guān)問題進(jìn)行規(guī)定,使農(nóng)村環(huán)境污染的防治有法可依
[Abstract]:Rural areas are the providers of material resources on which human beings depend for survival, as well as the providers of raw materials in the process of social and economic development. As a large agricultural country, the importance of rural areas is even more prominent. There is no sustainable development in rural areas. There will be no sustainable development in the whole country. However, with the acceleration of the modernization process in China, the problem of environmental pollution in rural areas has begun to appear. Due to the constraints of various factors, the environmental pollution in rural areas in China has not been effectively controlled. It restricts the further development of rural economy and society in our country. In many measures to prevent and cure rural environmental pollution, the role of legal means is very important. This paper first introduces the general situation of rural environmental pollution in China, including the concept of rural environment and rural environmental pollution, the characteristics and hazards of rural environmental pollution, and the present situation of rural environmental pollution in China. From three aspects of agricultural production pollution, industrial pollution and domestic pollution. Then from the economy, system, The causes of environmental pollution in rural areas are pointed out in four aspects of law and rural itself. The regulations on the prevention and control of environmental pollution in rural areas in China's current legal system are complicated. This paper makes a brief summary and analysis. The paper points out its achievements and shortcomings. The developed countries have more mature methods to prevent and control rural environmental pollution. This paper focuses on the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution in these countries. Several measures, especially legal measures, have been taken in the three fields of pollution prevention and control of livestock and poultry breeding and treatment of rural domestic refuse and sewage, and the experience that our country can use for reference is summarized. In order to strengthen the prevention and control of rural environmental pollution, we must have a legal system suitable for it. The emphasis of this paper is on the improvement of the legal system of rural environmental pollution prevention and control in China. Mainly from improving the basis and overall requirements of our country's rural environmental protection legal system, revising the Environmental Protection Law, adding regulations on the rural environment, formulating the Rural Environmental pollution Prevention and Control Law, and speeding up the legislation in a single field. The relevant laws and regulations were improved, and local governments were encouraged to carry out analysis and research in such aspects as legislation based on the actual situation in the region. In particular, the formulation of the Rural Environmental pollution Prevention Law and the strengthening of local legislation are discussed in detail. For the main contents of the Rural Environmental pollution Prevention and Control Law, this paper holds that it should include general principles, supervision and management, and pollution prevention and control in agricultural production. Prevention and control of industrial pollution, prevention of life pollution, scientific and technological innovation, capital investment and legal responsibility, and protection of farmers' environmental rights and interests. The solution to the problem of rural environmental pollution is related to the sustained and healthy development of rural economy and the prosperity and stability of society, and needs to be closely coordinated with various measures, such as law, economy and scientific and technological means. The establishment of a sound legal system for the prevention and control of environmental pollution in rural areas is undoubtedly the prerequisite for the smooth implementation of these measures. We must speed up the legislative process and provide for relevant issues. The prevention and control of environmental pollution in rural areas can be governed by laws.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D922.6

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