本文選題：廢電池　切入點(diǎn)：回收處理　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和人們生活水平的不斷提高,電池產(chǎn)品逐漸成為人們生活的必需品。廢電池給人們的生活帶來了便利,同時(shí)也帶來了廢電池這一新型的污染物。我國(guó)既是電池產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)大國(guó),也是使用大國(guó)。但是,我國(guó)廢電池回收處理卻一直處于無序狀態(tài),廢電池不僅污染環(huán)境,而且廢電池中含有有色金屬,廢電池可觀的潛在價(jià)值得不到利用,是資源的浪費(fèi)。通過專門立法,建立完善的廢舊電池回收處理體系,使廢電池回收處理能夠有法可依,真正達(dá)到保護(hù)和改善環(huán)境的目的,實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展,真正使環(huán)境保護(hù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展達(dá)到和諧統(tǒng)一。廢電池回收處理立法的完善與否,其效果將影響到我國(guó)電池產(chǎn)品的國(guó)際貿(mào)易。具有前瞻性的廢電池回收處理法律,不僅可以成為建設(shè)環(huán)境友好型資源節(jié)約型社會(huì)的重要制度保障,而且是我國(guó)電池產(chǎn)品突破綠色貿(mào)易壁壘,順利參與國(guó)際市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的保障,是我國(guó)應(yīng)對(duì)新時(shí)期國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的需要。所以,制定廢電池回收處理的專門立法勢(shì)在必行。 本文在查閱大量國(guó)內(nèi)外有關(guān)廢電池回收處理法研究資料的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)廢電池回收處理專門立法進(jìn)行了研究。指出了造成我國(guó)目前廢電池回收率低及回收處理體系不健全的主要原因是:我國(guó)相關(guān)的法律制度不完善;有關(guān)宣傳教育不足,回收箱設(shè)置存在問題;回收承擔(dān)主體缺失;回收處理主體缺失。認(rèn)為美、德、日等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家廢電池回收處理法律制度值得我國(guó)在立法中參考借鑒,應(yīng)對(duì)措施主要有:健全的法律保障體系;完善的管理體制;廣泛的公眾參與;不同主體不同責(zé)任等。論文剖析了我國(guó)廢電池回收處理的立法狀況,著重探討了我國(guó)立法中關(guān)于廢電池回收處理法律、政策及標(biāo)準(zhǔn),指出我國(guó)現(xiàn)有法律在廢電池回收處理方面的不足之處在于:相關(guān)法律法規(guī)零散,缺乏系統(tǒng)性;原則性強(qiáng),缺乏可操作性;執(zhí)法管理機(jī)構(gòu)權(quán)責(zé)不明,末端管理弊病多;缺乏政府政策扶持制度。最后,筆者對(duì)我國(guó)廢電池回收處理專門立法進(jìn)行了框架設(shè)計(jì)。首先分析了我國(guó)廢電池回收處理專門立法存在的必要性及可行性,并以可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論、環(huán)境權(quán)和循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)理論作為廢電池回收處理法律制度的理論基礎(chǔ),論述了我國(guó)廢電池回收處理專門立法的立法的基本原則,即綠色設(shè)計(jì)原則、循環(huán)再利用原則、公眾參與原則、污染者付費(fèi)原則;重點(diǎn)闡述了我國(guó)廢電池回收處理專門立法中的環(huán)境治理稅制度、抵押金制度、財(cái)政補(bǔ)貼制度、技術(shù)研發(fā)投資制度、稅收優(yōu)惠制度、行政許可制度、行政獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)制度、明確具體的處罰制度等。此外,還討論了與專門法相關(guān)的法律措施,主要涉及法律頒布后的監(jiān)督執(zhí)行,其它相關(guān)法律法規(guī)的合理調(diào)整;廢電池回收箱數(shù)量增加及其設(shè)置的改進(jìn),通過媒體宣傳,增強(qiáng)群眾的回收意識(shí)等方面。
[Abstract]:With the development of our country's economy and the improvement of people's living standard, battery products have gradually become the necessities of people's life. At the same time, it also brings the waste battery as a new pollutant. China is not only a country producing battery products, but also a large country using battery. However, the recycling of waste batteries in China has been in a state of disorder, which not only pollutes the environment, but also pollutes the environment. Moreover, waste batteries contain non-ferrous metals, and the considerable potential value of waste batteries is not utilized, which is a waste of resources. Through special legislation, a sound recovery and treatment system for waste batteries can be established so that the recovery and treatment of waste batteries can be handled in accordance with the law. To achieve the goal of protecting and improving the environment, to realize sustainable development, to make the environmental protection and economic development harmonious and unified. The effect will affect the international trade of battery products in our country. The law of recycling and disposal of waste batteries, which is forward-looking, can not only become an important institutional guarantee for the construction of an environment-friendly and resource-saving society. Moreover, it is the guarantee for our country to break through the green trade barrier and participate in the international market competition smoothly, which is the need of our country to deal with the international competition in the new period. Therefore, it is imperative to formulate the special legislation for the recovery and treatment of waste batteries. On the basis of consulting a large number of domestic and international research data on waste battery recovery and treatment method, the special legislation of waste battery recovery and treatment is studied in this paper. It is pointed out that the recovery rate of waste battery is low in our country and the recovery treatment system is also pointed out. The main reasons of unsoundness are: the relevant legal system of our country is not perfect; The lack of publicity and education, the problems in the setting of recycling containers, the lack of the main body of recovery and disposal, the lack of the main body of recycling, the conclusion that the legal system of recycling of waste batteries in developed countries such as the United States, Germany, Japan and other developed countries is worthy of our country's reference in legislation. The main countermeasures are: sound legal protection system; perfect management system; extensive public participation; different subjects and different responsibilities. This paper mainly discusses the laws, policies and standards of recycling and disposal of waste batteries in our country's legislation, and points out that the shortcomings of the existing laws and regulations of our country lie in the following aspects: scattered laws and regulations, lack of systematicness, strong principle, strong principle, and so on. Lack of maneuverability; the power and responsibility of law enforcement management agencies are not clear, end management defects are many; lack of government policy support system. Finally, The author has carried on the frame design to our country waste battery recovery and treatment special legislation. Firstly, the necessity and feasibility of our country waste battery recovery and treatment special legislation are analyzed, and the sustainable development theory is used to analyze the necessity and feasibility of the special legislation. As the theoretical basis of the legal system of recycling and treatment of waste batteries, the environmental rights and the theory of recycling economy are discussed in this paper. The basic principles of the legislation of the special legislation on recycling and treatment of waste batteries in China are discussed, which are the principle of green design, the principle of recycling and reuse, and the principle of public participation. The environmental tax system, mortgage system, financial subsidy system, technology R & D investment system, tax preferential system, administrative license system, etc. In addition, it also discusses the legal measures related to the special law, mainly involving the supervision and implementation after the promulgation of the law, and the reasonable adjustment of other relevant laws and regulations; The number of waste battery recycling boxes increased and their settings improved, through media publicity, to enhance the people's awareness of recycling, and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D922.6

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本文編號(hào)：1630546