發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-04 20:40

  本文選題：水資源　切入點(diǎn)：飲用水源　出處：《中國(guó)政法大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 水,意味著生命、生存。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái),我國(guó)飲用水源保護(hù)立法側(cè)重于對(duì)城市飲用水源的保護(hù),城市飲用水問(wèn)題并不是十分突出,在一定程度上可以說(shuō),我國(guó)飲用水源問(wèn)題實(shí)際上是農(nóng)村飲用水源問(wèn)題,農(nóng)村飲用水源保護(hù)不力嚴(yán)重威脅到我國(guó)廣大農(nóng)村居民的生命和健康,也影響到了農(nóng)村的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。農(nóng)村飲用水源保護(hù)法律制度是指為保障農(nóng)村群眾的飲水安全,由國(guó)家制定的調(diào)整在農(nóng)村飲用水源保護(hù)中各種社會(huì)關(guān)系的法律規(guī)范所組成的相對(duì)完整的規(guī)則系統(tǒng)。在此種情況下,完善農(nóng)村飲用水源保護(hù)法律制度不可避免的被關(guān)注。 完善我國(guó)農(nóng)村飲用水源保護(hù)法律制度需要了解我國(guó)農(nóng)村飲用水源問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的原因,我國(guó)現(xiàn)行飲用水源保護(hù)法律制度存在缺陷是導(dǎo)致我國(guó)農(nóng)村飲用水源保護(hù)不力的主要原因。所以,查找我國(guó)現(xiàn)行飲用水源保護(hù)法律制度存在的問(wèn)題,分析其問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的原因,才能有針對(duì)性的完善我國(guó)農(nóng)村飲用水源保護(hù)法律制度。我國(guó)雖然建立了飲用水源保護(hù)法律體系,但在整體上存在法律數(shù)量少、層次低、忽視農(nóng)村飲用水源保護(hù);在具體制度上存在農(nóng)村面源污染防治措施供給不足,對(duì)農(nóng)村飲用水源自然污染防治存在空白,農(nóng)村分散式飲用水源缺乏有效監(jiān)管,農(nóng)村地下飲用水源法律調(diào)控空白,環(huán)境保護(hù)管理體制不利于農(nóng)村飲用水源保護(hù),相關(guān)飲用水源保護(hù)法律制度不適應(yīng)農(nóng)村飲用水源保護(hù)等問(wèn)題。分析我國(guó)飲用水源保護(hù)法律制度問(wèn)題的原因,是長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)我國(guó)飲用水源立法理念偏失、立法缺乏科學(xué)、民主性。我國(guó)飲用水源立法建立在“城市利益中心”之上,沒(méi)有考慮到我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)飲用水源的實(shí)際情況且缺乏農(nóng)村群眾的積極參與,其結(jié)果必然是農(nóng)村飲用水源保護(hù)因缺乏有效的法律保護(hù)手段而日益嚴(yán)峻。 認(rèn)識(shí)到我國(guó)飲用水源保護(hù)法律制度存在問(wèn)題及產(chǎn)生問(wèn)題的原因之后,在對(duì)以色列、美國(guó)、德國(guó)飲用水源保護(hù)法律制度先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行適當(dāng)借鑒的基礎(chǔ)上,提出完善和創(chuàng)新我國(guó)農(nóng)村飲用水源保護(hù)法律制度的建議。完善我國(guó)農(nóng)村飲用水源保護(hù)法律制度必須樹(shù)立“城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)籌”的立法理念,在我國(guó)農(nóng)村飲用水源保護(hù)法律體系方面,提出擴(kuò)展我國(guó)農(nóng)村飲用水源保護(hù)的法律淵源,制定完善相應(yīng)的法律法規(guī)。在具體制度建設(shè)上,完善農(nóng)村飲用水源保護(hù)區(qū)法律制度,創(chuàng)新農(nóng)村分散式飲用水源點(diǎn)保護(hù)制度,完善農(nóng)村飲用水源水質(zhì)、水量保障制度及其配套制度,完善農(nóng)村飲用水源應(yīng)急預(yù)警制度,建立農(nóng)村飲用水源保護(hù)社區(qū)保護(hù)制度等。
[Abstract]:Water means life and survival. For a long time, our drinking water source protection legislation has focused on the protection of urban drinking water sources. The problem of urban drinking water is not very prominent. To a certain extent, it can be said, The problem of drinking water source in China is actually a problem of drinking water source in rural areas. The poor protection of drinking water sources in rural areas seriously threatens the lives and health of the vast number of rural residents in our country. It also affects the sustainable development of rural areas. The legal system of rural drinking water source protection refers to the protection of drinking water security for rural people. A relatively complete system of rules and regulations is made by the state to adjust the legal norms of various social relations in the protection of rural drinking water sources. In this case, the improvement of the legal system for the protection of drinking water resources in rural areas is inevitably concerned. To perfect the legal system of drinking water resources protection in rural areas, we need to understand the reasons for the problems of drinking water sources in rural areas. The defects in the current legal system of drinking water source protection in China are the main reasons leading to the weak protection of drinking water resources in rural areas. Therefore, the problems existing in the current drinking water source protection legal system of our country are investigated, and the causes of the problems are analyzed. In order to improve the legal system of drinking water source protection in rural areas, although our country has established the legal system of drinking water source protection, there is a small number of laws in the whole, low level, ignore the rural drinking water source protection; In the specific system, there are insufficient supply of non-point source pollution prevention measures in rural areas, gaps in the prevention and control of natural pollution of drinking water sources in rural areas, lack of effective supervision and control of decentralized drinking water sources in rural areas, and gaps in legal regulation and control of underground drinking water sources in rural areas. The environmental protection management system is unfavorable to the rural drinking water source protection, and the related legal system of drinking water source protection is not suitable for the rural drinking water source protection, etc. The reasons for the legal system problems of drinking water source protection in our country are analyzed. For a long time, the legislative concept of drinking water source in our country has been biased, and the legislation is lacking in science and democracy. The legislation of drinking water source in China is based on the "center of urban interests". Without considering the actual situation of drinking water sources in urban and rural areas and lacking the active participation of rural people, the result is that the protection of drinking water sources in rural areas is becoming increasingly serious because of the lack of effective legal protection means. Recognizing the problems and causes of the legal system for the protection of drinking water resources in China, and on the basis of appropriate reference to the advanced experiences of Israel, the United States and Germany in the legal system for the protection of drinking water resources, This paper puts forward some suggestions for perfecting and innovating the legal system of drinking water source protection in rural areas of our country. To perfect the legal system of drinking water source protection in rural areas, we must set up the legislative idea of "urban and rural overall planning", in the aspect of the legal system of drinking water source protection in rural areas, This paper proposes to expand the legal sources of drinking water source protection in rural areas of our country, to formulate and perfect the corresponding laws and regulations, to perfect the legal system of rural drinking water source protection areas and to innovate the decentralized drinking water source protection system in rural areas in the specific system construction. Improve the drinking water quality, water security system and its supporting system, improve the rural drinking water source emergency warning system, establish the rural drinking water source protection community protection system and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D922.6

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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1 白愛(ài)敏;我國(guó)農(nóng)村水環(huán)境污染防治制度研究[D];鄭州大學(xué);2011年

2 董敏;我國(guó)飲用水安全法律保障研究[D];山東科技大學(xué);2011年

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5 徐建利;水污染防治中的保護(hù)區(qū)制度[D];中國(guó)海洋大學(xué);2012年

6 段曉娟;我國(guó)飲用水水源地保護(hù)制度完善探析[D];昆明理工大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：1567204