本文關(guān)鍵詞： 循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì) 法制 比較研究　出處：《山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 所謂循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì),是指在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展過(guò)程中,遵循生態(tài)規(guī)律,以廢物減量化、再利用、資源化為原則,以抑制產(chǎn)生、回收使用、再生利用、熱回收、無(wú)害化合理處置為順序的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng),目的在于保護(hù)環(huán)境、節(jié)約資源、促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展。在我國(guó),建立循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)模式,"走最有效利用資源和保持環(huán)境為基礎(chǔ)的循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)之路,可持續(xù)發(fā)展才能實(shí)現(xiàn)"。而要實(shí)現(xiàn)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)模式,必須建立起有效的法制保障。 本文首先確立了運(yùn)用比較法學(xué)的方法,基于中國(guó)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè),通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)外特別是德日等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)法律體系進(jìn)行宏觀和微觀的比較研究,提出我國(guó)建立循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)法制的基本思路和技術(shù)路線。在該思路指導(dǎo)下,全文共分三部分,第一部分是對(duì)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)法制進(jìn)行界說(shuō);第二部分是對(duì)國(guó)外循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)法制進(jìn)行比較;第三部分是通過(guò)比較后,闡述對(duì)我國(guó)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)法制建設(shè)的啟示。 在第一部分中,本文首先明確了循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)的涵義,闡述了循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)的特征,指出了循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)本質(zhì)上是一種生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì),是物質(zhì)閉環(huán)流動(dòng)型經(jīng)濟(jì)的簡(jiǎn)稱,它要求用生態(tài)學(xué)規(guī)律來(lái)指導(dǎo)人類社會(huì)的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng),其建立是依賴于一組以“減量化(Reduce)、再利用(Reuse)、再循環(huán)(Recycle)”為內(nèi)容的運(yùn)行原則(稱為3R原則)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文從調(diào)整對(duì)象和方法入手,明確了循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)的概念,并闡述了循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)法具有既要兼顧環(huán)境正義和環(huán)境安全的實(shí)現(xiàn),又要滿足人們對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)自由和經(jīng)濟(jì)效率的追求的價(jià)值,明確提出作為規(guī)制經(jīng)濟(jì)管理手段的法律之一,循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)法屬于經(jīng)濟(jì)法部門。 在第二部分中,本文以循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)立法走在世界前列的德、日為目標(biāo)比較國(guó),以美國(guó)為備選國(guó),從立法理念、立法模式、基本法律制度、調(diào)控手段等四個(gè)方面對(duì)目標(biāo)國(guó)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)法制進(jìn)行了比較。比較中本文引用了大量翔實(shí)的文獻(xiàn)與資料。通過(guò)比較,使我們了解了德日等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家在建立循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)法中都確立了把人類健康和保護(hù)環(huán)境放在第一位,并堅(jiān)持在源頭上治污的立法理念;了解了單行法立法和混合立法的模式,比較出單行法立法模式更具有積極的意義;了解了德日的基本法律制度,并對(duì)其諸如稅收、財(cái)政環(huán)境投入與信貸鼓勵(lì)制度、排污權(quán)交易及環(huán)境標(biāo)志等調(diào)控制度進(jìn)行了比較。 在第三部分中,本文提出了我國(guó)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)法制借鑒國(guó)外經(jīng)驗(yàn)的原則及對(duì)我國(guó)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)法基本原則、體系構(gòu)架、基本制度等方面的啟示,此部分是本論文的重點(diǎn)。本文認(rèn)為借鑒國(guó)外成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)要堅(jiān)持“大膽移植、包容現(xiàn)狀、有所創(chuàng)新、易于操作”的指導(dǎo)原則;認(rèn)為我國(guó)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)法要堅(jiān)持“促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)和環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展、尊重自然和遵守生態(tài)規(guī)律、‘3R’、政府主導(dǎo)、擴(kuò)大生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任、受益者補(bǔ)償、公眾參與”等七項(xiàng)原則;在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文對(duì)我國(guó)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)法律體系進(jìn)行了構(gòu)想,明確提出我國(guó)立法模式應(yīng)采取單行法立法模式;本文還對(duì)我國(guó)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)基本法律制度構(gòu)建進(jìn)行了設(shè)想,提出了從強(qiáng)制性法律、指導(dǎo)性法律制度、經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激法律制度、公眾參與法律制度四個(gè)方面進(jìn)行基本法律制度構(gòu)建。 通過(guò)以上論述,本文在結(jié)論中指出:我國(guó)已經(jīng)具備了制訂循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)法的條件,可以借鑒國(guó)外成功經(jīng)驗(yàn),采用制訂《循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)促進(jìn)法》與制訂有關(guān)的單項(xiàng)法規(guī)規(guī)章同步進(jìn)行的立法方式進(jìn)行立法。
[Abstract]:The so-called circular economy, which is in the process of economic development, to follow the laws of ecology, waste reduction, reuse, recycle principle, to suppress the generation, recycling, recycling, heat recovery, reasonable disposal of harmless order of economic activities, to protect the environment, conserve resources, promote economic and social the development in our country, the establishment of a recycling economy, "take the most effective use of resources and maintain the environment based on circular economy, sustainable development can be achieved. In order to realize the mode of circular economy, we must establish effective legal protection.
This paper first established using the method of comparative law, the construction of circular economy based on Chinese, especially through the foreign comparative study of macro and micro developed countries such as Germany and Japan, the legal system of circular economy, put forward the basic ideas and technical route of establishing legal system of circular economy in China. Under the guidance of this idea, the paper is divided into three parts, the first part is about the definition of the economic cycle; the second part is the comparison of the foreign legal system of circular economy; the third part is through the comparison, elaborated on the construction of circular economy legal system in China's enlightenment.
In the first part, this paper firstly defines the meaning of circular economy, expounds the characteristics of circular economy, pointed out that the circular economy is essentially a kind of ecological economy, is referred to as the closed-loop flow of material based economy, it demands for social ecology to guide economic activities and relies on the establishment of a group to "reduction, reuse (Reduce) (Reuse), recycling (Recycle)" as an operating principle (called 3R principle). Based on this, this article from the perspective of targets and methods, clear the concept of circular economy, and expounds the law of circular economy is not only to achieve environmental justice and environmental the safety of the people, but also to meet the pursuit of economic freedom and economic efficiency value, clearly put forward the legal regulation as one of economic management means, circular economy law belongs to the economic law department.
In the second part, based on the legislation of circular economy at the forefront of the world's target for the country, compared to the United States, for the alternative country, from the legislative idea, legislative mode, the basic legal system, four aspects of control means compares the goal of legal system of the circular economy. Compared to the literature and a large amount of data. By comparison, we can understand that the Germany and Japan and other developed countries in the establishment of circular economy law have established the human health and protect the environment in the first place, and adhere to the legislative idea of pollution at the source; understand the mode of law legislation and legislative comparison, legislative mode of law has more positive significance; understand the basic legal system of Germany and Japan, and the financial environment such as tax, investment and credit incentive system, emissions trading and environmental labeling regulation system are compared.
In the third part, this article proposed our country legal system of circular economy of foreign experience and principles of circular economy law in our country, the basic principle, system structure, basic system and other aspects, this part is the focus of this paper. This paper argues that the successful experience from abroad to adhere to the "bold transplantation, inclusive situation, innovation. The guiding principles of" easy to operate; the recycling economy law of our country should adhere to the principle of "promoting economic, social and environmental coordinated development, respect for nature and abide by the laws of ecology," 3R ", the government leading, extended producer responsibility, benefit compensation, public participation and the seven principles; on this basis, this paper carried on the idea on the legal system of circular economy in China, put forward the legislation of our country should adopt the law legislation mode; the construction of the basic legal system of circular economy in China was conceived, put forward from the mandatory law Law, guidance legal system, economic stimulus legal system, public participation in the legal system four aspects of the basic legal system construction.
Through the above discussion, the paper points out that our country already has the conditions for formulating the circular economy law, and can draw lessons from the successful experience of other countries, and make legislation by making the circular economy promotion law and making related regulations and regulations.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：D912.6;D912.29;F205

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