本文關(guān)鍵詞： 生態(tài)補(bǔ)償 生態(tài)保護(hù) 法制化　出處：《貴州民族大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：生態(tài)環(huán)境為人類(lèi)的生存和發(fā)展提供自然資源和生存空間，是人類(lèi)生存和發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)。生態(tài)安全是國(guó)家安全的重要組成部分，貴州獨(dú)特的自然地理環(huán)境為保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境發(fā)展做出了重要的貢獻(xiàn)，貴州省生態(tài)環(huán)境的惡化威脅著國(guó)家的生態(tài)安全，貴州省現(xiàn)有的生態(tài)補(bǔ)償政策也存在著很大的缺陷，，生態(tài)補(bǔ)償法律制度在理論和實(shí)踐上的研究都很薄弱，特別是在生態(tài)補(bǔ)償實(shí)踐中亟需法律的保障，呼吁貴州生態(tài)補(bǔ)償條例的出臺(tái)。由于經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)償標(biāo)準(zhǔn)低，很多農(nóng)戶(hù)不愿意領(lǐng)取補(bǔ)償金；并且財(cái)政受限無(wú)法落實(shí)配套資金，加上后續(xù)產(chǎn)業(yè)開(kāi)發(fā)未跟上，一些地區(qū)尤其是少數(shù)民族地區(qū)出現(xiàn)了貧困面增大的趨勢(shì)。 文章先分析生態(tài)補(bǔ)償法制化的基本理論，生態(tài)補(bǔ)償?shù)母拍詈蛢?nèi)涵，生態(tài)補(bǔ)償法律關(guān)系的主體、客體、內(nèi)容。再?gòu)纳鷳B(tài)補(bǔ)償對(duì)協(xié)調(diào)生存權(quán)、發(fā)展權(quán)與環(huán)境權(quán)的重要性，和實(shí)現(xiàn)貴州生態(tài)與經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的必要性入手，分析貴州生態(tài)補(bǔ)償?shù)牡胤叫苑ㄒ?guī)的規(guī)定、地方政府規(guī)章的規(guī)定、規(guī)范性文件的規(guī)定的基本現(xiàn)狀，提出貴州生態(tài)補(bǔ)償缺乏綜合性的規(guī)范，現(xiàn)有的法規(guī)、規(guī)章、政策之間缺乏協(xié)調(diào)性，規(guī)定涉及的補(bǔ)償領(lǐng)域單一等貴州生態(tài)補(bǔ)償法制化的主要問(wèn)題。再分析國(guó)內(nèi)國(guó)外生態(tài)補(bǔ)償法制化兩個(gè)方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，從國(guó)家《生態(tài)補(bǔ)償條例草案》的框架，地方性規(guī)定的具體內(nèi)容，國(guó)外生態(tài)補(bǔ)償完善的法律體系、區(qū)域合作機(jī)制、實(shí)現(xiàn)公共支付形式的多樣化等幾個(gè)方面中得到借鑒。最后主要介紹貴州生態(tài)補(bǔ)償法制化主要對(duì)策建議，國(guó)家生態(tài)補(bǔ)償立法的趨勢(shì)、其他省區(qū)的立法、貴州既有的規(guī)定是貴州生態(tài)補(bǔ)償法制化的現(xiàn)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)；生態(tài)安全原則、生態(tài)效益與經(jīng)濟(jì)效益兼顧原則、受益者補(bǔ)償原則、補(bǔ)償與扶貧相結(jié)合的原則是貴州生態(tài)補(bǔ)償法制化的基本原則；完善現(xiàn)有的地方性規(guī)定，制定《生態(tài)補(bǔ)償條例》是生態(tài)補(bǔ)償法制化的主要途徑。
[Abstract]:Ecological environment provides natural resources and living space for human survival and development and is the basis of human survival and development. Ecological security is an important part of national security. Guizhou's unique natural geographical environment has made an important contribution to the protection of ecological environment development. The deterioration of ecological environment in Guizhou Province threatens the ecological security of the country. The existing ecological compensation policy in Guizhou Province also has a lot of defects, ecological compensation legal system in the theoretical and practical research is very weak, especially in the practice of ecological compensation in need of legal protection. Call for the introduction of Guizhou ecological compensation regulations. Because of the low standard of economic compensation, many farmers do not want to receive compensation; And financial constraints can not implement matching funds, coupled with the subsequent industrial development has not kept up with, some regions, especially in minority areas, there is a growing trend of poverty. The article first analyzes the basic theory of ecological compensation legalization, the concept and connotation of ecological compensation, the subject, object and content of the legal relationship of ecological compensation, and then from the ecological compensation to coordinate the right to survival. Starting with the importance of the right to development and the right to environment, and the necessity of realizing the coordinated development of ecology and economy in Guizhou, this paper analyzes the local regulations of ecological compensation in Guizhou and the regulations of local governments. The basic status of the provisions of normative documents, put forward the lack of comprehensive norms of ecological compensation in Guizhou, the existing laws, regulations, policies lack of coordination. The main problems of the legalization of ecological compensation in Guizhou Province are discussed in this paper. Then the author analyzes the domestic and foreign experience of the legalization of ecological compensation from the framework of the National draft of Ecological compensation regulations. The specific contents of local regulations, the perfect legal system of foreign ecological compensation, and the mechanism of regional cooperation. Finally, it mainly introduces the main countermeasures and suggestions of the legalization of ecological compensation in Guizhou, the trend of national ecological compensation legislation, and the legislation of other provinces and regions. The existing regulations in Guizhou are the realistic basis for the legalization of ecological compensation in Guizhou. Ecological security principle, ecological benefit and economic benefit principle, beneficiary compensation principle and the principle of combining compensation with poverty alleviation are the basic principles of ecological compensation legalization in Guizhou. Perfecting existing local regulations and formulating ecological compensation regulations are the main ways to legalize ecological compensation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.68

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