【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,公司的設(shè)立與日俱增。然而在數(shù)量增加的同時(shí),也導(dǎo)致了第三人與公司以及公司股東之間法律爭(zhēng)議的增多。在解決這些法律爭(zhēng)議之前,往往需要首先解決股東身份的認(rèn)定問(wèn)題。由于《公司法》對(duì)于股東身份認(rèn)定規(guī)定的缺失,理論界對(duì)于股東身份認(rèn)定也沒(méi)有統(tǒng)一定論,公司在設(shè)立和存續(xù)過(guò)程中操作的不規(guī)范,直接導(dǎo)致了我國(guó)在股東身份認(rèn)定問(wèn)題上的處理難度。在司法實(shí)踐中,對(duì)同一個(gè)案件根據(jù)不同的認(rèn)定依據(jù)會(huì)產(chǎn)生不同的結(jié)果。所以,在解決股東身份認(rèn)定問(wèn)題上,首先要解決股東身份認(rèn)定之間的沖突。換句話(huà)說(shuō),就是根據(jù)何種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)認(rèn)定股東身份。本文將結(jié)合理論和實(shí)踐中遇到的問(wèn)題來(lái)探求如何解決股東身份的認(rèn)定。 本文共分為四個(gè)部分:第一部分主要對(duì)股東和股東身份概念、股東身份的取得和喪失,以及認(rèn)定股東身份的法律意義進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)單的概括闡述。首先明確股東和股東身份的內(nèi)涵。其次,論述了股東身份的取得和喪失情況,以及我們?yōu)槭裁匆獙?duì)股東身份的認(rèn)定進(jìn)行研究,研究的意義如何。第二部分主要介紹了股東身份的認(rèn)定的兩種不同學(xué)說(shuō),以及股東身份的認(rèn)定依據(jù)。通過(guò)對(duì)出資人和公司之間出資合意的論述,得出股東身份的認(rèn)定依據(jù)。其次,對(duì)股東身份的法律特征進(jìn)行具體分析,以尋求股東身份的法律特征在認(rèn)定股東身份時(shí)證明效力層次以及缺陷,為下文合理化解決股東身份特征之間的沖突作出鋪墊。第三部分主要介紹股東身份認(rèn)定沖突的解決路徑。首先,通過(guò)對(duì)原則的分析,尋求在各原則的指導(dǎo)下合理解決股東身份的認(rèn)定沖突。其次,就具體公司內(nèi)外兩種法律關(guān)系中對(duì)于股東身份沖突應(yīng)該如何解決。在涉及公司外部關(guān)系時(shí),應(yīng)該以最具有公示力的工商登記優(yōu)先認(rèn)定股東身份,而在涉及公司內(nèi)部法律關(guān)系時(shí),優(yōu)先以股東名冊(cè)認(rèn)定股東身份。在股東名冊(cè)與其他股東身份特征發(fā)生沖突時(shí),應(yīng)該探求當(dāng)事人是否已經(jīng)依法向公司出資或者認(rèn)繳出資來(lái)解決沖突。第四部分主要針對(duì)隱名出資、瑕疵出資以及股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓情形下幾種特殊情況的股東身份認(rèn)定問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了分析。通過(guò)具體的分析,探求這幾種特殊情況下股東身份問(wèn)題的解決。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of socialist market economy, the establishment of the company is increasing day by day. However, the increase in the number has also led to an increase in legal disputes between the third party and the company and its shareholders. Before resolving these legal disputes, it is often necessary to solve the problem of shareholder identity identification. Due to the lack of the provisions of the Company Law on the identification of shareholders, there is no unified conclusion on the identification of shareholders in the theoretical circle. The irregular operation of the company in the process of establishment and survival directly leads to the difficulty of dealing with the identification of shareholders in our country. In judicial practice, the same case according to different identification basis will produce different results. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of shareholder identity identification, we should first solve the conflict between shareholder identity identification. In other words, what criteria are used to identify shareholders. This paper will combine the problems encountered in theory and practice to explore how to solve the identification of shareholder identity. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part mainly expounds the concept of shareholder and shareholder identity, the acquisition and loss of shareholder identity, and the legal significance of identifying shareholder identity. First of all, clear the connotation of shareholders and shareholder identity. Secondly, it discusses the acquisition and loss of shareholder identity, and why we should study the identification of shareholder identity, and what is the significance of the study. The second part mainly introduces two different theories of shareholder identity identification, as well as the basis of shareholder identity identification. Through the discussion of the capital contribution between the investor and the company, the identification basis of shareholder identity is obtained. Secondly, this paper makes a specific analysis of the legal characteristics of shareholder identity, in order to seek the legal characteristics of shareholder identity in the identification of shareholder identity to prove the level of effectiveness and defects, so as to pave the way for the rationalization of the conflict between shareholder identity characteristics. The third part mainly introduces the way to solve the conflict of shareholder identity identification. First of all, through the analysis of the principles, to find a reasonable solution to the identity of shareholders under the guidance of the conflict. Secondly, how to solve the identity conflict of shareholders in the two kinds of legal relations inside and outside the specific company. When it comes to the external relationship of the company, we should give priority to the identity of shareholders in the industrial and commercial registration with the most public power, and when it comes to the internal legal relationship of the company, we should give priority to the identification of shareholders in the register of shareholders. When the shareholder register conflicts with the identity characteristics of other shareholders, we should explore whether the parties have contributed or subscribed to the company in accordance with the law to resolve the conflict. The fourth part mainly analyzes the identification of shareholders in the case of anonymous capital contribution, defective capital contribution and stock transfer. Through concrete analysis, this paper explores the solution of shareholder identity problem in these special cases.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.291.91

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