【摘要】：隨著我國市場經(jīng)濟的不斷發(fā)展,投資人出于各種原因在有限責(zé)任公司中隱名出資的現(xiàn)象廣泛存在,因隱名投資產(chǎn)生的糾紛數(shù)量也日益增加,該類問題處理已成為司法實踐中的焦點問題。其中,顯名股東面對利益驅(qū)使擅自轉(zhuǎn)讓隱名股權(quán)是該類糾紛中較為突出和較難處理的問題。該類糾紛處理的復(fù)雜性主要體現(xiàn)在以下兩方面:第一、善意第三人能否適用善意取得制度取得隱名股權(quán),如何確定具體的適用要件;第二、隱名股權(quán)被無權(quán)處分后,應(yīng)如何運用現(xiàn)行法律規(guī)定,實現(xiàn)救濟隱名股東權(quán)利的目的。妥善處理上述問題,對實現(xiàn)隱名投資糾紛統(tǒng)一裁判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)具有重要指引作用,同時也對維護(hù)隱名股東權(quán)利和市場交易秩序具有積極意義。本文分為四個部分。第一部分為隱名股東股權(quán)概述。主要論述何為無權(quán)處分隱名股權(quán)行為。該部分主要通過借鑒物權(quán)登記對抗法理,明確隱名股東資格的取得是來源于履行對公司的出資義務(wù)。工商登記僅具有登記對抗第三人的效力,不產(chǎn)生股東資格的設(shè)權(quán)性效力。同時提出無權(quán)處分隱名股權(quán)行為是建立在隱名股東具有股東資格、享有股東權(quán)利的基礎(chǔ)之上,才存有無權(quán)處分之說。對于因違反法律強制性規(guī)定而隱名出資行為無效的隱名股東,因不享有股東資格,顯名股東所作的處分行為不構(gòu)成無權(quán)處分。第二部分為隱名股權(quán)無權(quán)處分下之股權(quán)變動。主要論述隱名股權(quán)如何發(fā)生變動。該部分將物權(quán)法的善意取得制度運用公司法,解決隱名股東與善意第三人之間的股權(quán)變動問題。從論述善意取得為什么能適用于隱名股權(quán)變動的法理基礎(chǔ),隱名股權(quán)善意取得的構(gòu)成要件,及適用善意取得后的股權(quán)變動效果進(jìn)行分析。提出第三人構(gòu)成善意取得時隱名發(fā)生股權(quán)變動。而善意取得構(gòu)成要件之交付要件仍應(yīng)適用物權(quán)法的登記對抗法理,即善意第三人只有完成工商變更登記,才對隱名股東、公司、其他第三人具有對抗效力。第三部分為對隱名股東之救濟。主要論述隱名股權(quán)變動后如何保護(hù)隱名股東權(quán)利問題。該部分主要從股權(quán)救濟和債權(quán)救濟兩個方面分別提出隱名股東的權(quán)利的救濟方式。股權(quán)救濟方面主要運用公司法的方法,提出通過行使顯名權(quán)或轉(zhuǎn)讓隱名股權(quán)實現(xiàn)救濟;債權(quán)救濟方面,主要分析無權(quán)處分行為在不同情形下,分別構(gòu)成《民法總則》關(guān)于合同之債、無權(quán)代理之債、侵權(quán)之債、不當(dāng)?shù)美畟挠嘘P(guān)規(guī)定,并可以根據(jù)具體情況向顯名股東或其他第三人主張相應(yīng)的債權(quán)。第四部分為隱名股東權(quán)益保護(hù)的立法完善。該部分主要論述如何通過立法完善保護(hù)隱名股東的權(quán)利,并從立法的原則和規(guī)則的制定提出建議。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of market economy in China, the phenomenon of anonymous investment by investors in limited liability companies exists widely for various reasons, and the number of disputes arising from hidden investment is also increasing day by day. This kind of problems has become the focus of judicial practice. In this kind of disputes, it is more prominent and difficult to deal with the problem that explicit shareholders are driven to transfer hidden equity without authorization in the face of interests. The complexity of this kind of dispute resolution is mainly reflected in the following two aspects: first, whether the bona fide third party can apply the bona fide acquisition system to obtain hidden equity, and how to determine the specific applicable requirements; Secondly, how to use the current law to remedy the rights of dormant shareholders. Properly dealing with the above problems plays an important role in guiding the realization of the unified judgment standard of hidden investment disputes, and also has a positive significance in safeguarding the rights of anonymous shareholders and the order of market transactions. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part is an overview of the shares of dormant shareholders. Mainly discusses what is not entitled to dispose of anonymous equity behavior. In this part, it is made clear that the acquisition of dormant shareholder's qualification comes from fulfilling the obligation of capital contribution to the company by drawing lessons from the legal principle of the registration of real right. Industrial and commercial registration only has the effect of registration against the third party, and does not produce the establishment effect of shareholder qualification. At the same time, it is proposed that the unauthorized disposition of dormant shares is based on the fact that the dormant shareholders have the qualification of shareholders and enjoy the rights of shareholders, and that there is no right to dispose. For the dormant shareholders who are invalid because of violating the mandatory provisions of the law, because they do not enjoy the qualification of shareholders, the disposition made by the obvious shareholders does not constitute the unauthorized disposition. The second part is the change of stock right under the right of dormant equity. This paper mainly discusses how to change the anonymous equity. In this part, the bona fide acquisition system of real right law is applied to solve the problem of stock right change between hidden shareholders and bona fide third parties. This paper discusses why bona fide acquisition can be applied to the legal basis of share-right change, the constituent elements of bona fide acquisition of dormant equity, and the effect of share-changing after bona fide acquisition. The third party constitutes a bona fide acquisition of hidden name equity changes. The delivery elements of bona fide acquisition should still be subject to the registration countervailing principle of real right law, that is, the bona fide third party must complete the registration of industrial and commercial changes, and only then can it have antagonistic effect on the dormant shareholders, the company and the other third parties. The third part is the relief to dormant shareholders. This paper mainly discusses how to protect the rights of dormant shareholders after the change of anonymous equity. This part mainly puts forward the relief ways of the rights of hidden shareholders from two aspects: equity relief and creditor's right relief. In the aspect of stock right relief, it mainly uses the method of company law, and puts forward that the remedy can be realized by exercising explicit name right or transferring anonymous equity right. With regard to the relief of creditor's rights, it mainly analyzes the relevant provisions of the General principles of the Civil Law on the obligation of contract, the debt of agency without power, the debt of infringement, the debt of improper enrichment, respectively, under different circumstances. And according to specific circumstances to the obvious shareholders or other third parties claim the corresponding creditor's rights. The fourth part is the legislative perfection of the protection of the rights and interests of anonymous shareholders. This part mainly discusses how to perfect and protect the rights of hidden shareholders through legislation, and puts forward some suggestions on the principles and rules of legislation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：深圳大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D922.291.91

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條

1 李建偉;;有限責(zé)任公司股權(quán)變動模式研究——以公司受通知與認(rèn)可的程序構(gòu)建為中心[J];暨南學(xué)報(哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)版);2012年12期

2 張民安;;“侵權(quán)行為的構(gòu)成要件”抑或“侵權(quán)責(zé)任的構(gòu)成要件”之辨——行為人對他人承擔(dān)侵權(quán)責(zé)任條件的稱謂[J];政治與法律;2012年12期

3 彭娟;;試論隱名股東的資格認(rèn)定[J];湖南行政學(xué)院學(xué)報;2008年02期

4 薛啟明;;有限責(zé)任公司隱名股東法律問題試析[J];山東審判;2007年03期

，

本文編號：2403978