本文選題：反向否認(rèn)公司法人格 + 反向適用��； 參考：《華東政法大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：公司制度在我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展中發(fā)揮了至關(guān)重要的作用。然而伴隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的多樣化發(fā)展，出現(xiàn)了各種濫用公司法人格侵占公司財(cái)產(chǎn)、逃避債務(wù)的行為。雖然我國(guó)在最新的《公司法》中，以原則性法條規(guī)定了公司法人格否認(rèn)制度，對(duì)規(guī)制股東濫用獨(dú)立人格的行為具有一定作用。但隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，濫用行為呈現(xiàn)多樣性，傳統(tǒng)的公司法人格否認(rèn)制度表現(xiàn)出了一定的局限性。由此公司法人格否認(rèn)的反向適用應(yīng)運(yùn)而生，而我國(guó)立法在這方面的規(guī)定卻是一大空白。因此，為了彌補(bǔ)傳統(tǒng)適用的不足，完善我國(guó)的公司法人格否認(rèn)制度，有必要對(duì)公司法人格否認(rèn)的反向適用這一問題進(jìn)行研究。 關(guān)于反向適用的研究國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)者鮮少涉及，故可以說是一個(gè)全新的課題。本文主要采用了文獻(xiàn)研究法和比較研究法，了解國(guó)內(nèi)外此課題的研究現(xiàn)狀和存在的問題。首先介紹了反向適用的概念和順向適用的關(guān)系及其在我國(guó)的相關(guān)規(guī)定，而后在借鑒美國(guó)“反向刺破公司面紗”先進(jìn)理論和有關(guān)案例的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合我國(guó)實(shí)際情況，從理論和實(shí)踐的角度論證了我國(guó)立法確立反向適用的必要性，并對(duì)反向適用的基本問題進(jìn)行了分析，包括原則性法條規(guī)定、具體要件設(shè)置、法人反向責(zé)任和舉證責(zé)任。接著，結(jié)合我國(guó)司法實(shí)踐，闡述了一人公司、母子公司和姐妹公司三種具體情形下公司法人格否認(rèn)的反向適用，涵蓋了理論與實(shí)踐兩個(gè)層面。最后，在結(jié)語(yǔ)部分提出了有關(guān)立法的建議。 具體內(nèi)容如下： 第一章主要介紹了公司法人格否認(rèn)反向適用的概念和與順向適用的關(guān)系，并介紹了國(guó)內(nèi)有關(guān)學(xué)者對(duì)反向適用的不同觀點(diǎn)。本文認(rèn)為我國(guó)公司法并無相關(guān)法條直接規(guī)定了公司法人格否認(rèn)的反向適用，，是我國(guó)立法上的一大空白。 第二章闡述了我國(guó)公司法人格否認(rèn)反向適用的必要性。從理論層面來講，反向適用具有其獨(dú)立存在的價(jià)值，能保護(hù)股東債權(quán)人的利益和社會(huì)公共利益并且能彌補(bǔ)傳統(tǒng)適用中的不足；從司法實(shí)踐層面來講，我國(guó)已存在相關(guān)判例需要反向適用并且已有法官適用此制度進(jìn)行判決。 第三章對(duì)我國(guó)公司法人格否認(rèn)反向適用的基本問題進(jìn)行了分析。作為成文法國(guó)家，我們需參照傳統(tǒng)適用以制定法模式對(duì)反向適用作原則性規(guī)定。而后從主體要件、主觀要件、行為要件、結(jié)果要件和因果關(guān)系要件五個(gè)方面具體闡述了反向適用的要件設(shè)置，使得能更好地適用于個(gè)案中。并對(duì)公司法人的反向責(zé)任、原被告雙方的舉證責(zé)任和證明標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行了探討。 第四章從司法實(shí)踐層面分析具體情形下公司法人格否認(rèn)的反向適用，包括一人公司、母子公司和姐妹公司。針對(duì)這些具體情形下的特殊問題，結(jié)合國(guó)外先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)和我國(guó)司法實(shí)踐情況，提出了具體適用上的一些建議。
[Abstract]:The company system plays a vital role in the development of our country's economy and society. However, with the diversification of economic activities, a variety of abuse of corporate law personality encroach on company property, escape debt behavior. Although in the latest "Company Law" of our country, the system of denial of corporate personality is stipulated by the principle law, which plays a certain role in regulating the abuse of independent personality by shareholders. However, with the development of economy, abuse behavior presents diversity, and the traditional corporate personality denial system shows some limitations. Therefore, the reverse application of the denial of corporate personality emerges as the times require, but the legislation of our country is a big blank in this respect. Therefore, it is necessary to study the reverse application of corporate personality denial in order to make up for the deficiency of traditional application and to perfect the denial system of corporate personality in our country. The research on reverse application is seldom involved in domestic scholars, so it can be said to be a new topic. This paper mainly adopts the literature research method and the comparative research method to understand the current research situation and the existing problems of this subject at home and abroad. This paper first introduces the concept of reverse application, the relationship between reverse application and its application in China, and then, on the basis of drawing lessons from the advanced theory and relevant cases of "reverse piercing the corporate veil" in the United States, combines with the actual situation in China. This paper demonstrates the necessity of establishing reverse application in our country's legislation from the angle of theory and practice, and analyzes the basic problems of reverse application, including the stipulation of principle law, the setting of concrete elements, the reverse liability of legal person and the burden of proof. Then, combining with the judicial practice of our country, this paper expounds the reverse application of the denial of corporate personality under the three specific circumstances of one-person company, parent-subsidiary company and sister company, which covers two levels: theory and practice. Finally, in the conclusion part, put forward the suggestion about the legislation. The details are as follows: The first chapter mainly introduces the concept of reverse application of corporate personality denial and the relationship between reverse application and forward application, and introduces the different views of domestic scholars on reverse application. This paper holds that the reverse application of the denial of corporate personality is not directly stipulated in the relevant articles of the company law of our country, which is a big blank in the legislation of our country. The second chapter expounds the necessity of reverse application of personality denial of company law in our country. Theoretically speaking, reverse application has its independent value, can protect the interests of shareholders creditors and social public interests, and can make up for the shortcomings of traditional application. There are related cases in our country that need reverse application and judges have applied this system to judge. The third chapter analyzes the basic problems of the reverse application of personality denial in our company law. As a statutory country, we need to refer to the traditional application of the formulation of the mode of application of the principle of reverse application. Then from the subject elements, subjective elements, behavior elements, results elements and causality elements of the five aspects of the specific elements of reverse application, so that it can be better applied in the case. The reverse liability of the legal person, the burden of proof and the standard of proof of the original defendant are also discussed. The fourth chapter analyzes the reverse application of corporate personality denial under specific circumstances from the aspect of judicial practice, including one-man company, parent-subsidiary company and sister company. In view of the special problems under these specific circumstances, combined with the advanced experience of foreign countries and the judicial practice of our country, some practical suggestions are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D922.291.91

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