本文關(guān)鍵詞： 瑕疵股權(quán) 有限公司 合同效力 股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓 責任承擔　出處：《上海交通大學》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：關(guān)于瑕疵股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓所引發(fā)的法律問題,各地司法部門曾相繼出臺過一些指導意見。但是由于各地法院理解不一,導致這類案件裁判結(jié)果相互矛盾,嚴重影響了司法裁判的公信力。近年來,有關(guān)瑕疵股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓的案件大量出現(xiàn),這引起了商法學界和實務(wù)界的高度關(guān)注。為解決審判實踐中該類問題,最高人民法院在近期出臺的《中華人民共和國公司法若干問題的規(guī)定(三)》(以下簡稱“公司法解釋(三)”)中對瑕疵出資股東權(quán)利的限制以及受讓人在知情情況下的責任承擔問題作出了明確規(guī)定。但該解釋對瑕疵股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓引發(fā)的問題仍留有大量空白,瑕疵股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓中仍存在諸多的疑難問題尚待解決,如:瑕疵股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓合同效力的認定;瑕疵股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓合同雙方對公司、守約股東及公司債權(quán)人的責任承擔問題等。 本文主要分析有限責任公司中瑕疵股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓合同效力認定及民事責任承擔的法律問題。筆者在對瑕疵股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓相關(guān)問題進行梳理的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)合同法和公司法的一般原則,對瑕疵股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓合同的效力認定及合同雙方責任承擔做出法理解釋,以期為審判實踐提供參考。本文一共分為三個部分: 第一章是瑕疵股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓概述。首先,界定了瑕疵股權(quán)的一般含義并介紹其分類。本文中,筆者對瑕疵股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓相關(guān)問題的探討是指從其狹義,即由于股東出資瑕疵而導致的瑕疵股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓問題;其次,筆者對瑕疵股權(quán)的可轉(zhuǎn)讓性進行了分析。筆者的結(jié)論是股東瑕疵出資并不必然要否定其股東資格,瑕疵股權(quán)可以作為股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓的客體,但是也應當對瑕疵股權(quán)出讓人的權(quán)利進行適當限制。 第二章圍繞瑕疵股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓合同效力進行分析。筆者首先對瑕疵股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓合同效力的各種學說進行了評析,并得出了“區(qū)分對待說”具有相對合理性的結(jié)論。筆者接下來對瑕疵股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓合同效力的認定方法進行了闡述,即可通過對瑕疵股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓人及受讓人的意思表示來界定瑕疵股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓合同的效力,并在此列舉了一些司法案例與相關(guān)規(guī)定以說明司法實踐部門在此問題上的態(tài)度,從而佐證筆者觀點。 第三章探討了瑕疵股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓后瑕疵出資責任承擔問題。對于責任的承擔,理論界與實務(wù)界眾說紛紜,為探討較為合理的解決思路,筆者對責任承擔的不同學說進行了評析,并列舉了各地司法機關(guān)相關(guān)規(guī)定及案例。在此基礎(chǔ)上,筆者以責任對象為劃分標準,詳細討論了瑕疵出資股東與受讓人對公司、守約股東以及公司債權(quán)人的民事責任。
[Abstract]:With regard to the legal issues arising from the transfer of defective shares, the local judicial authorities have issued some guidance opinions one after another. However, due to the different understandings of the courts in various localities, the judicial results of such cases are contradictory. In recent years, there have been a large number of cases concerning the transfer of defective shares, which has aroused great concern in the field of business law and practice. In order to solve this kind of problems in trial practice, The restrictions on the Rights of defective investors in the recent provisions of the people's Republic of China's Company Law (3) (hereinafter referred to as "Company Law interpretation (3)") and the informed circumstances of the transferee. However, this explanation still leaves a large number of gaps in the problems arising from the transfer of defective shares. There are still many difficult problems to be solved in the transfer of defective shares, such as the determination of the validity of the defective equity transfer contract, the liability of the parties to the defective equity transfer contract to the company, the shareholders in compliance and the creditors of the company, and so on. This paper mainly analyzes the legal problems of the validity of the defective equity transfer contract and the civil liability in the limited liability company. On the basis of combing the related problems of the defective equity transfer, the author bases on the general principles of the contract law and the company law. In order to provide reference for the trial practice, the author makes a legal explanation of the validity of the defective equity transfer contract and the liability of both parties to the contract. This paper is divided into three parts:. The first chapter is an overview of the transfer of defective equity. Firstly, it defines the general meaning of defective equity and introduces its classification. In this paper, the author discusses the problems related to the transfer of defective equity from its narrow sense. Secondly, the author analyzes the transferability of defective shares. The conclusion is that the defective capital contribution does not necessarily negate the qualification of shareholders. Defective equity can be regarded as the object of equity transfer, but it should also restrict the rights of the transferor. The second chapter analyzes the validity of the defective equity transfer contract. Finally, the author concludes that the theory of differentiated treatment is relatively reasonable. Then, the author expounds the methods of determining the validity of the contract of transfer of defective shares. We can define the validity of the defective equity transfer contract by means of the expression of intention of the transferor and the transferee of defective equity, and enumerate some judicial cases and relevant provisions to illustrate the attitude of judicial practice departments on this issue. Thus supporting the author's point of view. The third chapter discusses the responsibility of defective capital contribution after the transfer of defective shares. There are different opinions on the responsibility of the liability, in order to explore a more reasonable solution, the author comments on different theories of responsibility. On the basis of this, the author discusses the civil liability of the shareholders and the transferee of defective capital contribution to the company, the contract holders and the creditors of the company.
【學位授予單位】：上海交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D922.291.91

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