發(fā)布時間：2018-01-11 23:07

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：有限責任公司股東除名法律制度研究　出處：《中國政法大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 有限責任公司 人合性 股東除名制度

【摘要】：有限責任公司本質(zhì)上屬于資合公司，但又具有明顯的人合性，是法學家們理想構(gòu)建的產(chǎn)物，自產(chǎn)生就備受歐美投資者的青睞，發(fā)展至今現(xiàn)已成為大多數(shù)國家數(shù)量最多的企業(yè)形式，占據(jù)著舉足輕重的經(jīng)濟地位，在我國亦然。 實務(wù)運作中，有限責任公司往往伴隨著內(nèi)部信息公示不強、外部監(jiān)控不力、股東易濫用權(quán)利等弊病而極易滋生糾紛。當某股東因自身因素的變化或某行為的實施與公司及其他股東整體利益相背離，從而誘發(fā)股東間的矛盾，并進一步破壞到公司人合性基礎(chǔ)時，囿于公司天然的封閉性，公司常因個別股東的拖累而陷入困境，最終或危及公司存續(xù)，，或使其他股東的利益受損。在我國現(xiàn)行《公司法》體系下，因特定股東原因?qū)е鹿具\行不暢時，其他股東可通過股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓或行使股權(quán)回購請求權(quán)的方式主動退出公司；當公司陷入僵局時，還可以提請法院將其解散。然而公司解散無異于同歸于盡，對于希望公司存續(xù)的股東和公司來講，并不是最好的結(jié)果；主動放棄公司，往往也是股東的無奈之舉。在這種情況下，公司和其他股東所需的乃是將拖累公司的個別股東驅(qū)逐出去，股東除名制度遂應運而生。這一制度在以德國為代表的國家及地區(qū)已發(fā)展了數(shù)十年，我國公司法的缺位實為憾事。本文寫作的目的正欲通過比較法研究，最終對我國有限責任公司股東除名制度的構(gòu)建提出建議。 本文分為引言、正文和結(jié)論三個部分。 引言部分總結(jié)了有限責任公司在我國國民經(jīng)濟中的重要地位以及現(xiàn)行法律規(guī)范現(xiàn)狀，提出我國建立有限責任公司股東除名法律制度的現(xiàn)實必要性，股東除名制度在公司法上的確立，從根本上講，是源于公司內(nèi)部利益沖突解決的客觀需要1，研究該問題對于解決有限責任公司中因不合群股東引發(fā)的內(nèi)部矛盾問題具有重要意義。 正文部分分為四章。 第一章“有限責任公司的本質(zhì)屬性”。本章立足于有限責任公司，指出其本質(zhì)屬性是深具人合性的資合公司，其與生俱來的人合性使得公司尤其注重股東間的人身關(guān)系，這為公司治理帶來了特殊問題，在此基礎(chǔ)上引出股東除名制度是化解該問題的有效途徑。本章通過對有限責任公司本質(zhì)屬性的分析，旨在得出股東除名制度是公司內(nèi)在屬性的需要，具有建立必要性的結(jié)論，為其后章節(jié)做出鋪墊。 第二章“股東除名法律制度的概述”。本章論述了股東除名制度的基本問題，包括它的基本內(nèi)涵、制度的法律屬性，在將其與我國現(xiàn)存的公司法內(nèi)部沖突解決機制（如股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓、異議股東股權(quán)回購、司法解散制度）比較過程中，論證了其不可代替的制度優(yōu)勢，以此說明股東除名制度具有特殊的存在價值，并從社團自治理論、團體可分解性以及公司契約理論對股東除名制度的正當性進行了解讀，最后從公司和股東兩個方面討論了除名制度的功能，相較于司法解散制度具有企業(yè)維持功能，相較于股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓和異議股東股權(quán)回購而言，更有利于維護股東的合理期待。 第三章“有限責任公司股東除名制度的比較考察”。本章對大陸法系的典型國家德國和英美法系的典型國家美國的相關(guān)制度及其實踐進行了比較分析，旨在為制度構(gòu)建提供參考。 第四章“我國有限責任公司股東除名制度的構(gòu)建”。本章首先對我國現(xiàn)行法律制度中的沖突解決機制做了簡要梳理，指出現(xiàn)行體系下存在的不足，最后在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了對我國股東除名制度的法律建構(gòu)。包括實體要件和程序要件兩個部分。實體要件包括除名事由、擬除名股東主觀狀態(tài)；程序要件包括股東除名程序、被除名股東股權(quán)處置程序以及對被除名股東的權(quán)利救濟程序。 最后，本文從法律的作用到現(xiàn)實需要，以及兼顧利害關(guān)系人利益、調(diào)和沖突的角度主張采用利益平衡的觀點，從而得出應引進有限責任公司除名制度的結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:The limited liability company belongs to the Capital company, but also has obvious personal nature, is a product of the construction of jurists ideal, it was European investors, since the development of most countries has become the largest number of enterprises, plays an important role in China's economy, vice versa.
In the practical operation, the limited liability company is often accompanied by internal information publicity is not strong, lack of external supervision, to abuse the rights of shareholders abuse can easily create disputes. When a company changes its shareholders for implementation and factors or certain behavior and other shareholders to deviate from the overall interests, conflicts between shareholders and further induced. Damage to the company of limited company based, closed natural company, often due to individual shareholders drag in the predicament, finally or endanger the existence of the company, or to other shareholders' interests. In China's current "Company Law > system, because the specific reason for the company's shareholders running sluggish, other shareholders through stock transfer or the right to request the exercise of equity repurchase way to take the initiative to withdraw from the company; when the company deadlock, can also be brought to the court to dissolve it. However, the dissolution of the company is to try to come to. In the hope that the existence of the company's shareholders and companies, and not the best results; take the initiative to give up the company, shareholders often upset. In this case, the company and other shareholders required but will drag on the company's individual shareholders expelled, the expulsion system gradually came into being. This system has been developed in the country and area represented by Germany for decades, the company law of China. It is a pity that the absence of the purpose of this paper is to through the study of comparative law, the final construction of the expulsion of shareholder limited liability company in China and puts forward some suggestions.
This article is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion.
The introduction part summarizes the important status of limited liability company in China's national economy and the current legal situation, put forward the realistic necessity of establishing the legal system of the expulsion of the limited liability company in our country, the establishment of the expulsion of shareholder in the company law, fundamentally speaking, is the objective needs from internal conflict of interests between the 1, the study has important significance for internal conflicts caused by asocial shareholders in the limited liability company to solve.
The body part is divided into four chapters.
The first chapter of "nature" of the limited liability company. This chapter is based on the limited liability company, pointed out that its essence is the deep personal nature of the Capital company, its inherent character makes companies with particular emphasis on the personal relationship between shareholders, which brings special problems for corporate governance, on the basis of leads to the expulsion of shareholder is an effective way to solve this problem. This chapter through the analysis of the nature of the limited liability company, in order to find out the shareholder expulsion system is the need of the intrinsic attribute of the company, has the necessity to establish the conclusion, make a prepare for the following chapters.
The second chapter summarizes the legal system of expulsion. This chapter discusses the basic problems of the expulsion system, including its basic connotation, legal property system, in the existing company law and China's internal conflict resolution mechanisms (such as equity transfer, the dissenting shareholders' equity repurchase and judicial dissolution system) process that demonstrates the irreplaceable advantages of the system, in order to explain the expulsion of shareholder has special value, and from the community autonomy theory, groups can be understood and read the decomposition of company contract theory of shareholder expulsion system legitimacy, finally removed from the system function are discussed from two aspects of the company and shareholders, phase compared with the system of judicial dissolution of enterprises has the function of maintaining, compared to the equity transfer and shareholders equity repurchase, more conducive to maintain the reasonable expectations of shareholders.
The third chapter is "comparative investigation of shareholder's delisting system in limited liability company". This chapter makes a comparative analysis of the relevant systems and practices in typical countries of the continental law system in Germany and Anglo American law system, aiming to provide references for the establishment of the system.
The fourth chapter "China limited liability company shareholder expulsion system construction". The first chapter of China's current legal system conflict solving mechanism in a brief review, pointed out the shortage existing in the system, finally put forward on the basis of the construction of our country's law. The expulsion system includes two parts entity essentials and procedures. The entity elements including expulsion, expulsion of shareholders to the subjective state; procedural elements including the expulsion procedure, the expelled shareholder equity disposal procedures and the expelled shareholder rights relief program.
Finally, from the point of view of the role of law to the actual needs, and the interests of stakeholders, and reconciling conflicts, this paper advocates the idea of balancing interests, and concludes that the delisting system of limited liability companies should be introduced.

【學位授予單位】：中國政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D922.291.91

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前8條

1 趙旭東;從資本信用到資產(chǎn)信用[J];法學研究;2003年05期

2 董紅海;有限責任公司股東(自然人)能否被“除名”——兼論有限責任公司章程性質(zhì)[J];律師世界;2002年10期

3 李h

本文編號：1411612