【摘要】：在審判實(shí)踐中,如何有效地考量民意,避免無視民意存在而造成的閉目塞聽,免除司法的孤傲、高高在上、冷漠,避免司法被民意左右、輿論左右、在政治面前退縮的現(xiàn)象,培養(yǎng)民眾對(duì)法治的信仰,是每一個(gè)法律人必須要面對(duì)的事情。本文試圖從民意的概念、構(gòu)成、對(duì)審判的影響,考量民意的必要性,考量民意的原則,考量民意的機(jī)制四個(gè)方面出發(fā),完成審判實(shí)踐中的民意考量與公正追求的寫作。 本文的開篇對(duì)民意進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的解析,解析的角度分為三個(gè),分別是表達(dá)民意的主體,表達(dá)民意的方式和表達(dá)民意的平臺(tái)。除此之外,還對(duì)民意從是否促進(jìn)法治進(jìn)程的角度、有無合理性角度、是否真實(shí)表達(dá)角度進(jìn)行了分類,并考察了民意對(duì)司法的影響,這種影響分為相關(guān)的歷史考察和最近幾十年我們國(guó)家對(duì)民意的考察兩方面。上述這些研究主要是理清民意的思路,能夠?qū)γ褚庥幸粋�(gè)相對(duì)來說清楚地認(rèn)識(shí)。 本文的第二部分主要是講述考量民意與公正的關(guān)系,從學(xué)理上來說,要想追求司法公正,本身應(yīng)該排斥民意,但是具體到我國(guó)的審判現(xiàn)狀,適度的考量民意恰恰是為了追求到司法公正,考量民意和對(duì)公正的追求是一種因和果的關(guān)系,或者也可以說,對(duì)公正的追求是考量民意的指導(dǎo)思想�？剂棵褚獠⒉皇菍�(duì)民意的暫時(shí)屈就,而是為了真正的去了解民眾的心聲,將司法融入到民眾,做到和諧司法,陽光司法。 在審判實(shí)踐中,既要考量民意,也要給民意套上枷鎖,這樣才能在聽取民意的同時(shí)既維護(hù)法律的基本尊嚴(yán),維護(hù)現(xiàn)實(shí)意義上的司法公正,又能做到不孤立于社會(huì),不與社會(huì)脫節(jié),不被民意所累。依法考量民意原則強(qiáng)調(diào)法官在面對(duì)民意時(shí),不受民意左右,把民意納入法律范圍內(nèi),依照法律程序進(jìn)行考量。嚴(yán)格民意范圍原則,注重考量民意的案件僅限于自由裁量權(quán)較大的案件,這是法的安定性及可預(yù)測(cè)性的要求；保持高度開放原則,是陽光司法、公正司法的必然要求；考量民意遵循能動(dòng)性原則,強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā)揮司法的主觀能動(dòng)性,滿足民眾對(duì)公正的需求。 在上述四原則的指導(dǎo)下,通過尋求民意考量工作機(jī)制之路最終達(dá)到對(duì)民意的考量和對(duì)公正的追求。首先,應(yīng)構(gòu)建民意的形成機(jī)制,該形成機(jī)制的前提是民意對(duì)司法有著足夠的包容,必要條件是法律共同體及學(xué)者對(duì)于司法有著足夠的支持。其次,建立多種途徑來考量民意,現(xiàn)有考量民意的平臺(tái)多為對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意的考量,網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意有著自身的優(yōu)勢(shì),但是也有很大的缺陷,因此需要構(gòu)建多種平臺(tái)來考量民意,民意考量方法分為具體回應(yīng)以及概括回應(yīng)。司法考量民意的制度還包括兩類,比如在庭審過程中,重視人民陪審員制度；在判決內(nèi)容上,加強(qiáng)裁判書的說理,從裁判角度說服當(dāng)事人。
[Abstract]:In trial practice, how to effectively consider public opinion, avoid blind eyes caused by ignoring public opinion, avoid judicial isolation and pride, aloofness, apathy, and avoid the phenomenon that the judiciary is influenced by public opinion and public opinion, and recoils in front of politics, Cultivating people's belief in the rule of law is something every legal person must face. This paper attempts to complete the writing of the public opinion in trial practice from four aspects: the concept, the constitution, the influence on the trial, the necessity of considering the public opinion, the principle of considering the public opinion, and the mechanism of considering the public opinion. At the beginning of this paper, the author makes a detailed analysis of public opinion, which is divided into three angles: the main body of expressing public opinion, the way of expressing public opinion and the platform of expressing public opinion. In addition, it classifies public opinion from the angle of whether it promotes the process of rule of law, whether it is reasonable or not, whether it is true or not, and examines the influence of public opinion on the administration of justice. This influence is divided into two aspects: related historical investigation and our country's investigation of public opinion in recent decades. These studies are mainly to clarify the ideas of public opinion, can have a relatively clear understanding of public opinion. The second part of this article is mainly about the relationship between the consideration of public opinion and justice. From a theoretical point of view, if we want to pursue judicial justice, we should reject public opinion itself, but specifically to the current situation of our country's trials. The proper consideration of public opinion is to pursue judicial justice, and the consideration of public opinion and the pursuit of justice is a relationship between cause and effect, or the pursuit of justice is the guiding ideology of considering public opinion. The consideration of public opinion is not the temporary submission of public opinion, but in order to really understand the aspirations of the public, to integrate justice into the public, to achieve harmonious justice, sunshine justice. In trial practice, we should not only consider public opinion, but also put public opinion under the yoke. Only in this way can we not only listen to public opinion, but also safeguard the basic dignity of the law and judicial justice in a realistic sense, and at the same time, we can not be isolated from society. We are not disconnected from society and are not burdened by public opinion. The principle of considering public opinion according to law emphasizes that when facing public opinion, judges should not be influenced by public opinion, put public opinion within the scope of law and consider according to legal procedure. Strict the principle of public opinion scope, pay attention to the consideration of public opinion cases are limited to the greater discretion of the case, this is the law of stability and predictability, to maintain a high degree of openness principle, is the sunshine of justice, the inevitable requirements of justice; Public opinion should follow the principle of initiative, emphasize the subjective initiative of judicature, and satisfy the public's demand for justice. Under the guidance of the above four principles, the public opinion consideration and the pursuit of justice can be achieved through seeking the working mechanism of public opinion evaluation. First of all, the formation mechanism of public opinion should be constructed. The premise of the formation mechanism is that the public opinion has sufficient tolerance to the judiciary, and the necessary condition is that the legal community and scholars have sufficient support for the judiciary. Secondly, to establish a variety of ways to consider public opinion. Most of the existing platforms for the consideration of public opinion are based on the consideration of public opinion on the Internet. Internet public opinion has its own advantages, but it also has great shortcomings. Therefore, it is necessary to build a variety of platforms to consider public opinion. Public opinion measures are divided into specific responses and general responses. The system of judicial consideration of public opinion also includes two kinds, such as paying attention to the system of people's jury in the course of trial; in the content of judgment, strengthening the reasoning of the judgment book and persuading the parties from the angle of the judge.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D926

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