【摘要】：監(jiān)獄是國家政權(quán)機關(guān)的重要組成部分，監(jiān)獄在國家的改革推進中承擔(dān)著艱巨而又少為人知的維穩(wěn)重任�！氨O(jiān)企合一”的監(jiān)獄管理體制是在新中國成立后通過長期艱苦曲折的探索形成的,曾為促進罪犯改造、維護社會穩(wěn)定、推動監(jiān)獄事業(yè)發(fā)展發(fā)揮了重要作用，創(chuàng)造了輝煌業(yè)績。但隨著我國政治經(jīng)濟體制改革不斷深入，市場經(jīng)濟體制的逐步建立，“監(jiān)企合一”的管理體制明顯不適應(yīng)于監(jiān)獄工作的要求，嚴重地制約著監(jiān)獄工作的發(fā)展，影響監(jiān)獄對罪犯的改造質(zhì)量。2008年，經(jīng)過長時間的醞釀準備，司法部決定在全國全面實行監(jiān)獄體制改革。此次改革的總目標是“全額保障、監(jiān)企分開、收支分開、規(guī)范運行”，其中監(jiān)企分開又是此次改革的關(guān)鍵與難點。研究監(jiān)企分開，有利于推動監(jiān)獄體制改革的進程，有利于為司法部制定相關(guān)政策提供依據(jù)，同時深化監(jiān)獄管理現(xiàn)代化的理論研究。 “監(jiān)企合一”體制下監(jiān)獄同時承擔(dān)著改造罪犯的社會職能和生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營的經(jīng)濟職能，《監(jiān)獄法》規(guī)定監(jiān)獄的基本職能是正確執(zhí)行刑罰，懲罰和改造罪犯，預(yù)防和減少犯罪。 本文從分析這一矛盾入手，闡述“監(jiān)企合一”管理體制的形成過程、歷史作用及“監(jiān)企合一”管理體制的弊端。通過歸納總結(jié)政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變的基本理論，得出推行監(jiān)獄體制改革實施監(jiān)企分開是我國政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變的必然要求，進而引出了本次監(jiān)獄體制的改革綱要。接著介紹了廣東省監(jiān)獄體制改革的現(xiàn)狀、存在的問題，以及對其進行了原因分析：《監(jiān)獄法》、監(jiān)獄企業(yè)的立法尚不完善；監(jiān)獄體制改革的實施細則和配套政策不完備；缺乏對監(jiān)獄警察的科學(xué)分類；監(jiān)獄企業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)的單一化。然后通過對發(fā)達國家和地區(qū)監(jiān)獄管理體制的歸納，總結(jié)出一些值得借鑒的經(jīng)驗。最后結(jié)合自己監(jiān)獄工作實際和所學(xué)公共管理方面的知識，闡述完善優(yōu)化廣東監(jiān)企分開改革的對策。本文的創(chuàng)新點在于：一是提出了從三方面完善經(jīng)費全額保障機制，包括建立科學(xué)的動態(tài)經(jīng)費保障機制、科學(xué)的分類保障機制及強調(diào)監(jiān)獄提高自身保障能力；二是提出利用廣東省各方面的優(yōu)勢，，構(gòu)建現(xiàn)代監(jiān)獄企業(yè)制度，探索實現(xiàn)監(jiān)獄企業(yè)所有制成份的多元化。
[Abstract]:The prison is an important part of the state power, and the prison undertakes the arduous and unknown task of maintaining stability in the course of the reform of the country. The prison management system of "integration of prison and enterprise" was formed after the founding of New China through a long and tortuous exploration. It has played an important role in promoting the reform of criminals, maintaining social stability and promoting the development of prison cause, and has created brilliant achievements. However, with the deepening of the political and economic system reform and the gradual establishment of the market economy system, the management system of "the integration of supervision and enterprise" obviously does not meet the requirements of prison work, which seriously restricts the development of prison work. In 2008, after a long preparation, the Ministry of Justice decided to carry out the reform of the prison system in the whole country. The overall goal of the reform is "full protection, supervision and enterprise separation, revenue and expenditure separation, standardized operation", which is the key and difficulty of the reform. The study of the separation of prison and enterprise is conducive to promoting the process of prison system reform, to providing the basis for the Ministry of Justice to formulate relevant policies, and to deepening the theoretical research on the modernization of prison management. The prison law stipulates that the basic function of the prison is to carry out the punishment correctly, punish and reform the criminal, and prevent and reduce the crime. Starting with the analysis of this contradiction, this paper expounds the forming process, historical function and malpractice of the management system of "the integration of supervision and enterprise". By summing up the basic theory of the transformation of government functions, it is concluded that the reform of the prison system and the separation of the prison and enterprises are the inevitable requirements of the transformation of government functions in our country, and the reform outline of the prison system is also introduced. Then it introduces the present situation of prison system reform in Guangdong Province, the existing problems and the reasons for it: prison Law, the legislation of prison enterprises is not perfect, the implementation rules and supporting policies of prison system reform are not complete; Lack of scientific classification of prison police and the simplification of property right structure of prison enterprises. Then, through the induction of the prison management system in developed countries and regions, some valuable experiences are summarized. Finally, combining with the practice of prison work and the knowledge of public management, this paper expounds the countermeasures to perfect and optimize the reform of separating prison from enterprise in Guangdong. The innovations of this paper are as follows: first, the author puts forward three aspects to perfect the full cost guarantee mechanism, including the establishment of scientific dynamic fund guarantee mechanism, the scientific classification guarantee mechanism and the emphasis on improving the security ability of the prison itself; The second is to make use of the advantages of Guangdong Province to construct the modern prison enterprise system and to explore the diversification of the prison enterprise ownership.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D926.7

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