我國能動司法下的法官裁判行為研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-29 08:11
【摘要】：社會轉(zhuǎn)型期催生新的權(quán)益關(guān)系,會產(chǎn)生新的權(quán)益糾紛,法官如何裁判未納入現(xiàn)有法律體系而又為當(dāng)事人所訴請或者雖然納入法律體系,但適用現(xiàn)有規(guī)則結(jié)果明顯不正義的案件?我們需要對現(xiàn)存的法官裁判行為進(jìn)行改革,在能動性的指導(dǎo)下要求法官秉承正義的司法理念,在法律框架內(nèi)運(yùn)用自己的理性和經(jīng)驗裁判案件,即要求法官能動司法。 分析法官能動裁判時我們必須以能動司法的基礎(chǔ)理論為前提,借鑒西方現(xiàn)代法官制度的經(jīng)驗,考量我國現(xiàn)今法官制度的現(xiàn)實狀況及形成原因,才能為能動司法下的法官制度構(gòu)建提供有益探索。在強(qiáng)調(diào)法官能動裁判之時,必須要從程序方面和裁判結(jié)果說理方面對其行為予以一定規(guī)制。通過這些限制,一方面能夠保證法官能動司法的積極性,提升裁判文書的質(zhì)量;另一方面,又能相對遏制法官權(quán)力的濫用,確保能動司法在法的框架范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行。 本文分為四個部分進(jìn)行論述:第一部分論述相關(guān)問題的基本理論,主要包括能動司法的內(nèi)涵、特征、功能及與美國的司法能動主義的區(qū)別、法官裁判行為的相關(guān)理論以及法官裁判行為與能動司法之間的關(guān)系。目的在于為我國的法官能動裁判行為提供理論基礎(chǔ)。第二部分主要論述兩大法系的法官裁判行為的歷史發(fā)展,尤其是法官裁判時適用法律上的自由裁量權(quán)的變遷。通過借鑒西方現(xiàn)代法官制度形成的歷史溯源來豐富和發(fā)展我國的法官制度,尤其是在難辦案件中的法律適用問題。第三部分主要論述我國現(xiàn)行法官裁判行為的現(xiàn)狀,并進(jìn)一步探討該種模式形成的原因,為法官制度的改進(jìn)提供一定的依據(jù)。第四部分是本文的重點(diǎn),主要論述能動司法下法官裁判行為的制度設(shè)計。從相對性、有限性入手討論法官如何發(fā)揮能動性及在哪些案件中發(fā)揮能動性,并在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步討論疑難個案中法官如何認(rèn)定事實和適用法律。
[Abstract]:During the period of social transformation, new rights and interests relationship will arise. How can a judge decide a case that has not been brought into the existing legal system and appealed by the parties or that the result of applying the existing rules is obviously unjust though it is included in the legal system? We need to reform the existing judges' adjudication behavior. Under the guidance of the initiative, we require the judges to uphold the judicial concept of justice and use their own rationality and experience to adjudicate cases within the legal framework, that is to say, the judges are required to take the initiative in the administration of justice. When we analyze the judges' active adjudication, we must take the basic theory of active justice as the premise, draw lessons from the experience of the western modern judge system, and consider the realistic situation and the forming reason of our country's present judge system. Only then can provide the beneficial exploration for the construction of the judge system under the active judicature. When emphasizing the judge's initiative, we must regulate the judge's behavior from the aspect of procedure and judgment result reasoning. Through these restrictions, on the one hand, it can ensure the initiative of judges to move the judicial process and improve the quality of the adjudicative documents; on the other hand, it can restrain the abuse of the judge's power and ensure that the active judicature is carried out within the framework of the law. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part discusses the basic theory of related issues, mainly including the connotation, characteristics, functions of active justice and the differences with American judicial activism. The related theory of judge's adjudication behavior and the relation between judge's adjudicative behavior and active judicature. The purpose is to provide a theoretical basis for the judges' active adjudication in our country. The second part mainly discusses the historical development of the judge's adjudication behavior in the two legal systems, especially the change of the discretion in the application of the law to the judge's adjudication. By drawing lessons from the history of the formation of the modern judge system in the West, we can enrich and develop the judge system in our country, especially in the application of the law in the difficult cases. The third part mainly discusses the current situation of judges' adjudication behavior in our country, and further discusses the reasons for the formation of this kind of model, and provides some basis for the improvement of the judge system. The fourth part is the focal point of this paper, mainly discusses the system design of judge's adjudication behavior under the active judicature. From the perspective of relativity and finiteness, this paper discusses how the judge exerts his initiative and in which cases, and on this basis further discusses how the judge determines the facts and applies the law in difficult cases.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D926.2
本文編號：2297085
[Abstract]:During the period of social transformation, new rights and interests relationship will arise. How can a judge decide a case that has not been brought into the existing legal system and appealed by the parties or that the result of applying the existing rules is obviously unjust though it is included in the legal system? We need to reform the existing judges' adjudication behavior. Under the guidance of the initiative, we require the judges to uphold the judicial concept of justice and use their own rationality and experience to adjudicate cases within the legal framework, that is to say, the judges are required to take the initiative in the administration of justice. When we analyze the judges' active adjudication, we must take the basic theory of active justice as the premise, draw lessons from the experience of the western modern judge system, and consider the realistic situation and the forming reason of our country's present judge system. Only then can provide the beneficial exploration for the construction of the judge system under the active judicature. When emphasizing the judge's initiative, we must regulate the judge's behavior from the aspect of procedure and judgment result reasoning. Through these restrictions, on the one hand, it can ensure the initiative of judges to move the judicial process and improve the quality of the adjudicative documents; on the other hand, it can restrain the abuse of the judge's power and ensure that the active judicature is carried out within the framework of the law. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part discusses the basic theory of related issues, mainly including the connotation, characteristics, functions of active justice and the differences with American judicial activism. The related theory of judge's adjudication behavior and the relation between judge's adjudicative behavior and active judicature. The purpose is to provide a theoretical basis for the judges' active adjudication in our country. The second part mainly discusses the historical development of the judge's adjudication behavior in the two legal systems, especially the change of the discretion in the application of the law to the judge's adjudication. By drawing lessons from the history of the formation of the modern judge system in the West, we can enrich and develop the judge system in our country, especially in the application of the law in the difficult cases. The third part mainly discusses the current situation of judges' adjudication behavior in our country, and further discusses the reasons for the formation of this kind of model, and provides some basis for the improvement of the judge system. The fourth part is the focal point of this paper, mainly discusses the system design of judge's adjudication behavior under the active judicature. From the perspective of relativity and finiteness, this paper discusses how the judge exerts his initiative and in which cases, and on this basis further discusses how the judge determines the facts and applies the law in difficult cases.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D926.2
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