本文選題：民意 + 司法　； 參考：《華東政法大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：民意是社會(huì)公眾對(duì)外界事物主觀反映的心理活動(dòng)，司法則是在一定社會(huì)環(huán)境中的法律實(shí)踐，必然要面對(duì)社會(huì)公眾的各種評(píng)價(jià)，受到民意的影響。所以民意是司法不可回避的話題，民意與司法的關(guān)系也成為法學(xué)研究的重要對(duì)象,具有十分重要的學(xué)術(shù)價(jià)值和實(shí)踐意義。特別是在民意與司法關(guān)系緊張的當(dāng)下，如何看待民意與司法關(guān)系?如何認(rèn)識(shí)民意與司法的沖突?如何分析民意與司法沖突的成因?以及如何在民意與司法之間尋找一條協(xié)調(diào)的路徑?這些都成為當(dāng)下迫切需要解決的問題。圍繞以上核心問題，本文主要分以下幾個(gè)部分進(jìn)行論述: 導(dǎo)論部分主要概述了本文的研究意義、研究綜述和研究方法。通過對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究的比較、分析，為后文的論述打下基礎(chǔ)。第一章主要論述民意與司法的基本關(guān)系。通過對(duì)民意的詞源考察及從廣義與狹義兩個(gè)角度界定民意的概念，闡述民意的形成和表達(dá)，并針對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)代的背景分析了民意的特征，最后從正反兩方面論述民意對(duì)司法的影響。 第二章主要從歷史和域外的角度對(duì)民意與司法進(jìn)行對(duì)比考察。中國(guó)古代的統(tǒng)治者，非常重視民意，為此也設(shè)立許多暢通民意表達(dá)和民意聽取的制度。在域外的美國(guó)、德國(guó)等其他國(guó)家，也非常注重民意與司法關(guān)系的處理。筆者希望通過對(duì)中外民意與司法關(guān)系的考察，對(duì)協(xié)調(diào)中國(guó)當(dāng)下民意與司法關(guān)系起著借鑒作用。 第三章主要闡述了民意與司法沖突的表現(xiàn)、原因及危害。民意與司法主要在合法性與合理性、法律事實(shí)與民意事實(shí)、實(shí)體公正與程序公正等方面存在著沖突，究其原因既有司法方面的，如司法獨(dú)立不夠，司法腐敗嚴(yán)重等，也有民意方面的，如民意的情緒化和非理性等。民意與司法的沖突對(duì)司法造成了一定的危害，如降低司法的公信力、損害司法的權(quán)威性、不利于司法的穩(wěn)定性等。 第四章則是探討如何實(shí)現(xiàn)民意與司法的協(xié)調(diào)。首先應(yīng)明確司法對(duì)民意的立場(chǎng)，司法要理性分析而不是盲目認(rèn)同，司法既要保持獨(dú)立又要順應(yīng)民意，，司法既要維持穩(wěn)定又要順應(yīng)時(shí)變。其次，民意與司法關(guān)系的協(xié)調(diào)需要雙方共同努力。一方面，司法既要保持獨(dú)立又要加大公開的力度，加強(qiáng)與民意的溝通，認(rèn)真、及時(shí)、有效的做好民意的篩選、回應(yīng)和吸取工作；另一方面，民意的表達(dá)應(yīng)理性化，民眾不應(yīng)濫用言論自由，要提升自身的道德感和責(zé)任感，加強(qiáng)法律知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)，提高自身的法律意識(shí)。
[Abstract]:Public opinion is the psychological activity that the public reflects subjectively to the outside world, and the judicature is the legal practice in a certain social environment, and it must face all kinds of evaluation of the public and be influenced by the public opinion. Therefore, public opinion is an unavoidable topic in judicature, and the relationship between public opinion and judicature has become an important object of legal research, which has very important academic value and practical significance. Especially in the current tense relationship between public opinion and justice, how to treat the relationship between public opinion and justice? How to understand the conflict between public opinion and justice? How to analyze the causes of the conflict between public opinion and judicature? And how to find a coordinated path between public opinion and justice? These are the urgent problems that need to be solved right now. Around the above core issues, this paper is mainly divided into the following parts to discuss: The introduction part mainly summarizes the research significance, the research summary and the research method. Through the domestic and foreign correlation research comparison, the analysis, lays the foundation for the later article elaboration. The first chapter mainly discusses the basic relationship between public opinion and justice. By examining the etymological origin of public opinion and defining the concept of public opinion from two broad and narrow perspectives, this paper expounds the formation and expression of public opinion, and analyzes the characteristics of public opinion in view of the background of the network age. At last, it discusses the influence of public opinion on judicature from positive and negative aspects. The second chapter mainly from the historical and foreign perspective of public opinion and judicial comparative investigation. The rulers of ancient China attached great importance to public opinion and set up many systems to express and listen to public opinion. Outside the United States, Germany and other countries, also pay great attention to public opinion and judicial relations. The author hopes that through the investigation of the relationship between Chinese and foreign public opinion and judicature, it will play a reference role in coordinating the current public opinion and judicial relationship in China. The third chapter mainly elaborated the public opinion and the judicial conflict performance, the reason and the harm. There are conflicts between public opinion and judicature in the aspects of legality and rationality, legal fact and public opinion fact, substantive justice and procedural justice. The reasons are judicial independence, serious judicial corruption and so on. There are also aspects of public opinion, such as the emotional and irrational public opinion. The conflict between public opinion and judicature causes certain harm to the judicature, such as reducing the credibility of the judicature, harming the authority of the judicature, unfavorable to the stability of the judicature and so on. The fourth chapter is to explore how to achieve the coordination between public opinion and justice. First of all, we should make clear the position of the judiciary on the public opinion, the judicature should be rationally analyzed rather than blindly identified, the judicature should not only remain independent but also conform to the public opinion, and the judiciary should not only maintain the stability but also adapt to the time-varying. Secondly, the coordination of public opinion and judicial relations needs the joint efforts of both sides. On the one hand, the judiciary should maintain its independence and increase its openness, strengthen communication with public opinion, conscientiously, promptly, and effectively screen, respond to, and absorb public opinion; on the other hand, the expression of public opinion should be rational. People should not abuse the freedom of speech, enhance their moral sense and sense of responsibility, strengthen the study of legal knowledge and raise their own legal consciousness.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D926

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本文編號(hào)：1933410