本文選題：國家司法考試 + 現(xiàn)狀��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國現(xiàn)行的國家統(tǒng)一司法考試制度關(guān)系到我國法學(xué)教育的教育模式以及法律職業(yè)人才的培養(yǎng)，這就使得司法考試制度成為關(guān)系我國法治建設(shè)的重要內(nèi)容和環(huán)節(jié)�，F(xiàn)行的司法考試制度有它的出臺(tái)的社會(huì)背景，2002年我國首次實(shí)行司法考試制度以來，我國在各個(gè)方面隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展以及司法考試制度具體實(shí)行中問題的突顯而逐步改革、完善了這一制度。司法考試制度的建立和施行具有重要的里程碑式的意義，從法律職業(yè)尤其是法官、檢察官遴選的規(guī)范化方面來看，國家司法考試制度有助于規(guī)范化、制度化司法人員的選拔；有助于通過司法考試提高法律職業(yè)隊(duì)伍和人才尤其是之前選拔、任用方式不規(guī)范化的法官、檢察官的法律素質(zhì)，從而有利于從整體上提高整個(gè)法律職業(yè)隊(duì)伍尤其是司法隊(duì)伍的素質(zhì)；有助于逐步維護(hù)法制的統(tǒng)一，，有助于逐步培養(yǎng)起法律職業(yè)共同體的意識(shí)，形成法律職業(yè)共同體的思維方式，樹立法律職業(yè)共同體的法律理念，從而逐漸建立起我國的法律職業(yè)共同體；有利于進(jìn)一步提高國家法學(xué)教育尤其是高等本科法學(xué)教育的整體地位,進(jìn)而使得法學(xué)教育在社會(huì)人才尤其是法律人才的培養(yǎng)方面的重要作用凸顯出來；有利于促進(jìn)整個(gè)國家的法律實(shí)施，有利于保證司法的高效和公正，從而維護(hù)社會(huì)的公平正義。 但是，這一司法考試制度仍然面臨著與法學(xué)教育相脫節(jié)、與法律職業(yè)相脫節(jié)以及引發(fā)或加重司法隊(duì)伍的失衡或斷層等三個(gè)主要困境。通過借鑒國外發(fā)達(dá)法治國家的司法考試制度的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，本文從司法考試制度的考試資格的設(shè)置、考試內(nèi)容和形式的調(diào)整以及司法研修制度的建立等方面提出了我國司法考試制度的若干完善建議和改革措施。提出我國的司法考試制度在考試資格上應(yīng)當(dāng)限制在接受過專業(yè)的法學(xué)教育的高等院校的畢業(yè)生，把非法學(xué)專業(yè)的學(xué)生排除在司法考試之外。同時(shí)，我國必須繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持并且適當(dāng)放寬西部等不發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)以及基層司法機(jī)關(guān)等部門司法考試的資格，并且我們應(yīng)當(dāng)日益開放司法考試的對外國公民的限制條件。在司法考試的形式上，新增司法考試口試或是面試，可以把我國現(xiàn)行的每年一次的司法考試改為階段性的司法考試模式。在司法考試的內(nèi)容上，應(yīng)當(dāng)更加注重對考生的法律基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)以外的法律素質(zhì)的考查，應(yīng)當(dāng)更加注重對考生的法律職業(yè)倫理的考查。并且建立起相應(yīng)的司法研修制度。
[Abstract]:The current national unified judicial examination system is related to the educational model of law education and the training of legal professionals in our country, which makes the judicial examination system become an important content and link in the construction of the rule of law in our country.The current judicial examination system has its social background. Since the first implementation of the judicial examination system in China in 2002, our country has gradually reformed with the development of the society and the prominent problems in the implementation of the judicial examination system.The system has been perfected.The establishment and implementation of the judicial examination system has important milestone significance. From the legal profession, especially the judge, the procurator selection standardization aspect, the national judicial examination system helps to standardize, institutionalizes the judicial personnel selection;It will help to improve the legal quality of the legal profession and talented persons, especially those judges and prosecutors who have not been selected and appointed in a standardized manner before, through the judicial examination.It is helpful to improve the quality of the whole legal profession team, especially the judicial team, to maintain the unification of the legal system step by step, to cultivate the consciousness of the legal profession community and to form the thinking mode of the legal profession community.The establishment of the legal concept of the legal professional community and the gradual establishment of the legal professional community in China are conducive to the further improvement of the overall status of the national legal education, especially the higher undergraduate law education.Thus, the important role of legal education in the cultivation of social talents, especially legal talents, is highlighted, which is conducive to the promotion of the implementation of the law in the whole country, to ensure the efficiency and justice of the judiciary, and thus to safeguard the fairness and justice of the society.However, the judicial examination system is still facing three main difficulties: disconnection with legal education, disconnection with legal profession, and causing or aggravating the imbalance or fault of judicial team.By learning from the advanced experience of the judicial examination system in the developed countries with the rule of law in foreign countries, this paper discusses the establishment of the examination qualification of the judicial examination system.The adjustment of examination content and form, and the establishment of judicial study system, etc., have put forward some perfect suggestions and reform measures of our country's judicial examination system.It is pointed out that the judicial examination system in our country should be restricted to the graduates of institutions of higher learning who have received professional law education, and the non-law students should be excluded from the judicial examination.At the same time, our country must continue to adhere to and properly relax the qualifications of judicial examination in underdeveloped areas such as the western region and the basic judicial organs, and we should increasingly open up the restrictions on foreign citizens of the judicial examination.In the form of judicial examination, the new judicial examination oral examination or interview, we can change the current annual judicial examination into a phased judicial examination mode.In the content of the judicial examination, we should pay more attention to the examination of the examinee's legal quality other than the basic knowledge of the law, and should pay more attention to the examination of the examinee's legal professional ethics.And set up the corresponding judicial research system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D926

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