發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-03 23:53

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 司法鑒定 司法救助 司法鑒定救助　出處：《黑龍江大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)飛速發(fā)展的過程中，貧富差距不可避免。根據(jù)我國(guó)憲法規(guī)定的法律面前人人平等的原則，無論訴訟當(dāng)事人的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況如何，都應(yīng)享有同等的訴訟權(quán)利。而在司法實(shí)踐中，，越來越頻繁地發(fā)生社會(huì)弱勢(shì)群體當(dāng)事人由于經(jīng)濟(jì)困難而無力承擔(dān)司法鑒定費(fèi)用，導(dǎo)致司法鑒定無法進(jìn)行，并最終喪失應(yīng)有權(quán)利的悲劇。這無疑加劇了當(dāng)事人的不滿情緒，增加了社會(huì)的不穩(wěn)定因素，有悖于我國(guó)構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)的目標(biāo)。對(duì)社會(huì)弱勢(shì)群體權(quán)利的保障，是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)衡量一個(gè)國(guó)家民主法制建設(shè)程度的重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一。因此，不斷建立和完善對(duì)社會(huì)弱勢(shì)群體的救助制度，對(duì)保障社會(huì)穩(wěn)定，提高我國(guó)民主法制建設(shè)水平具有重要意義。 在某些案件中，司法鑒定意見對(duì)訴訟案件的裁判結(jié)果起著舉足輕重的作用，與當(dāng)事人的切身利益息息相關(guān)。司法鑒定救助作為司法救助體系中的重要環(huán)節(jié)之一，具有實(shí)現(xiàn)弱勢(shì)群體當(dāng)事人起訴意愿、彌補(bǔ)當(dāng)事人舉證能力不足以及促使訴訟過程中雙方當(dāng)事人權(quán)利均等的功能。然而，司法鑒定救助在我國(guó)仍屬新生事務(wù)，沒有普遍而廣泛地開展起來，同時(shí)也缺乏統(tǒng)一的法律法規(guī)加以規(guī)范。在某些地區(qū)嘗試開展的司法鑒定救助工作中，存在著大量的問題有待解決。在司法鑒定救助案件中，司法鑒定機(jī)構(gòu)的社會(huì)公益屬性和市場(chǎng)化運(yùn)作要求的營(yíng)利性之間的矛盾表現(xiàn)得尤為突出，需要規(guī)范的制度加以平衡。通過總結(jié)分析當(dāng)前司法鑒定救助工作開展的實(shí)際情況，筆者認(rèn)為，國(guó)家有必要建立統(tǒng)一規(guī)范的司法鑒定救助制度，對(duì)實(shí)踐中暴露出的問題加以解決，從而保證整個(gè)司法救助鏈條的完整，落實(shí)司法鑒定救助的國(guó)家責(zé)任，在遵循司法鑒定機(jī)構(gòu)參與市場(chǎng)化運(yùn)作經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律的同時(shí)，充分保障弱勢(shì)群體的訴訟權(quán)利。 本文以哈爾濱市司法鑒定救助工作開展的情況作為實(shí)例，從司法鑒定救助制度的一般理論、司法鑒定救助工作現(xiàn)狀、建立司法鑒定救助制度的必要性、司法鑒定救助制度建設(shè)存在的問題及對(duì)策四個(gè)方面對(duì)司法鑒定救助制度進(jìn)行較為全面地研究，以期對(duì)盡快建立統(tǒng)一完備的司法鑒定救助制度作出貢獻(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:In the process of the rapid development of social economy, the gap between the rich and the poor is inevitable. According to the principle of equality before the law stipulated by the Constitution of our country, no matter what the economic situation of the litigant is. In judicial practice, more and more social vulnerable groups parties are unable to bear the costs of judicial identification because of economic difficulties, which leads to the judicial expertise can not be carried out. And the ultimate loss of due rights of the tragedy, which undoubtedly exacerbated the dissatisfaction of the parties, increased the social instability factors. Contrary to the goal of building a harmonious socialist society and the protection of the rights of the social vulnerable groups, it is one of the important standards for the modern society to measure the degree of the construction of a country's democratic and legal system. It is of great significance to establish and perfect the relief system for the vulnerable groups in society, to ensure social stability and to improve the level of democracy and legal system construction in our country. In some cases, the opinion of judicial expertise plays an important role in the adjudication results of litigation cases. As one of the most important links in the system of judicial assistance, it has the will to realize the prosecution of the vulnerable groups. To make up for the deficiency of the parties' ability of proof and to promote the equal rights of both parties in the process of litigation, however, the judicial identification and rescue is still a new business in our country, and has not been widely carried out. At the same time, there is a lack of uniform laws and regulations to regulate. In some areas, there are a large number of problems to be solved. The contradiction between the social commonweal attribute of forensic appraisal institution and the profit of market-oriented operation is especially prominent. Through summing up and analyzing the actual situation of the current judicial identification and relief work, the author believes that it is necessary for the country to establish a unified and standardized judicial identification and relief system. To solve the problems exposed in practice to ensure the integrity of the whole chain of judicial assistance, to implement the national responsibility of judicial identification and rescue, while following the economic law of judicial expertise institutions participating in the market operation. The litigation rights of the vulnerable groups should be fully protected. This paper takes the situation of judicial identification and rescue work in Harbin as an example, from the general theory of judicial identification and rescue system, the current situation of judicial identification and rescue work, the necessity of establishing judicial identification and rescue system. The problems and countermeasures in the construction of the judicial identification and rescue system are studied comprehensively in order to make a contribution to the establishment of a unified and complete judicial assistance system as soon as possible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D925.1;D926

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本文編號(hào)：1488706