【摘要】： 判例法制度研究自新中國(guó)成立以來(lái)就從來(lái)未間斷過(guò),隨著中國(guó)現(xiàn)代司法體制改革的深入,是否引入判例法成為當(dāng)代中國(guó)司法體制改革的重點(diǎn)、熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。 本文通過(guò)歷史分析、辯證分析及比較分析等方法,分析英美判例法與中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)判例制度的聯(lián)系與差異,闡述在中國(guó)實(shí)行判例法制度的可行性,旨在論證建立具有中國(guó)特色的判例法制度體系的意義,指出中國(guó)特色判例制度的建立有利于形成獨(dú)具中國(guó)特色的法律體制,有益于實(shí)現(xiàn)法制的統(tǒng)一與和諧。 本文首先通過(guò)對(duì)英美判例法的歷史考察,著重介紹了英國(guó)判例法演變過(guò)程以及美國(guó)繼受英國(guó)判例法并對(duì)其進(jìn)行本土化改造的過(guò)程,這些均為中國(guó)進(jìn)行判例法改革提供了外向性經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 其次,本文通過(guò)對(duì)中國(guó)古代、近現(xiàn)代、當(dāng)代法律形式的考察,指出自奴隸社會(huì)起中國(guó)就存在判例的萌芽,而這一萌芽在封建時(shí)期得到了發(fā)展并不斷成熟。雖然判例制度在該時(shí)期有所反復(fù),但秦漢及宋代的判例制度的應(yīng)用是空前廣泛的,亦為現(xiàn)今中國(guó)判例制度改革提供許多可借鑒經(jīng)驗(yàn)。本章說(shuō)明中國(guó)并非沒(méi)有判例法,中國(guó)的判例傳統(tǒng)是不能被抹殺的,此為中國(guó)實(shí)行判例法制度提供了內(nèi)向性環(huán)境基礎(chǔ)。本章最后基于對(duì)英美判例法演變的研究及對(duì)中國(guó)判例傳統(tǒng)的考察,分析其聯(lián)系與差異,探討中外判例制度對(duì)中國(guó)司法改革的意義。 第三章通過(guò)對(duì)中國(guó)現(xiàn)代法學(xué)學(xué)者對(duì)判例法是否在中國(guó)可行的觀(guān)點(diǎn)的列舉和分析,表明筆者的判例法在中國(guó)實(shí)行的可行性觀(guān)點(diǎn),并就判例法在中國(guó)實(shí)行的本國(guó)因素、他國(guó)因素和技術(shù)操作因素進(jìn)行了分析,在此重點(diǎn)從本國(guó)因素中的人文因素(包括普通人群及法官、律師等法律執(zhí)業(yè)者的角度)、經(jīng)濟(jì)因素、地理因素等進(jìn)行細(xì)致的可行性分析;該章最后又對(duì)判例法在中國(guó)實(shí)行后的作用進(jìn)行了預(yù)測(cè)。 最后,本文提出結(jié)合了中國(guó)特點(diǎn)的判例法理想模式。該理想模式包括:中國(guó)化判例法制度的框架基礎(chǔ)、中國(guó)化判例法的創(chuàng)制主體、判例遴選的原則、創(chuàng)制程序及法律技術(shù)問(wèn)題。其中針對(duì)中國(guó)化判例法的創(chuàng)制主體問(wèn)題,本文主張采用有限創(chuàng)制主體理論,即享有終審權(quán)的中級(jí)以上人民法院有創(chuàng)制判例的權(quán)利,并對(duì)創(chuàng)制的范圍作出了界定,即這種創(chuàng)制包括制作、認(rèn)可、公布、修改、廢止等活動(dòng),而不僅僅指公布一種活動(dòng)。在判例遴選的原則問(wèn)題上,本文提出要在眾多的判決中選取具有代表意義的判決作為判例。最后,對(duì)于中國(guó)化判例法的法律技術(shù)問(wèn)題,本文對(duì)其中的溯及力、引用、區(qū)別技術(shù)等進(jìn)行了解析。 通過(guò)上述論述,筆者認(rèn)為,我國(guó)現(xiàn)代司法體制改革的瓶頸在于法律制度的不健全,國(guó)外的優(yōu)良司法制度應(yīng)成為我們借鑒的對(duì)象,判例法制度只有結(jié)合了中國(guó)本國(guó)特點(diǎn)才能發(fā)揮出其優(yōu)秀的特質(zhì),這種結(jié)合定會(huì)迅速適應(yīng)中國(guó)的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和法治土壤,讓中國(guó)的政治更民主、經(jīng)濟(jì)更繁榮、法治更健康。
[Abstract]:The study of case law system has never been interrupted since the founding of New China. With the deepening of the reform of modern judicial system in China, whether to introduce case law has become the focus and hot issue of judicial system reform in contemporary China. Through historical analysis, dialectical analysis and comparative analysis, this paper analyzes the relationship and differences between Anglo-American case law and Chinese traditional case system, and expounds the feasibility of implementing case law system in China. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the significance of establishing a case law system with Chinese characteristics, and to point out that the establishment of a case law system with Chinese characteristics is conducive to the formation of a legal system with unique Chinese characteristics and is beneficial to the realization of the unity and harmony of the legal system. First of all, through the historical investigation of Anglo-American case law, this paper focuses on the evolution of British case law and the process of the United States following the British case law and its localization and transformation. All these provide extroverted experience for China to carry out case law reform. Secondly, through the investigation of ancient, modern and contemporary legal forms in China, this paper points out that there has been the germination of cases in China since slave society, and this germination has been developed and matured in feudal period. Although the case system has been repeated in this period, the application of the case system in Qin and Han dynasties and Song Dynasty is unprecedented, and it also provides a lot of experience for the reform of the case system in China. This chapter shows that China does not have case law, and the tradition of Chinese case law can not be obliterated, which provides an introverted environmental basis for the implementation of case law system in China. Finally, based on the study of the evolution of case law in Britain and the United States and the investigation of the tradition of Chinese case law, this chapter analyzes its relationship and differences, and discusses the significance of Chinese and foreign case system to China's judicial reform. The third chapter enumerates and analyzes the feasibility of case law in China by modern Chinese legal scholars, and shows the feasibility of the implementation of case law in China, as well as the domestic factors of the implementation of case law in China. This paper analyzes the factors of other countries and technical operation, and makes a detailed feasibility analysis from the human factors (including the general population, judges, lawyers and other legal practitioners), economic factors, geographical factors and so on. At the end of this chapter, the role of case law in China is predicted. Finally, this paper puts forward an ideal model of case law which combines the characteristics of China. The ideal model includes: the framework basis of Sinicized case law system, the creation subject of Sinicized case law, the principle of case selection, the creation procedure and legal and technical issues. Among them, in view of the problem of the creation subject of Sinicized case law, this paper advocates the theory of limited creation subject, that is, the people's court at or above the intermediate level, which has the power of final adjudication, has the right to create the case law, and defines the scope of the creation. That is, this creation includes the production, approval, publication, modification, abolition and other activities, not just the publication of an activity. On the principle of case selection, this paper proposes to select representative decisions as cases among many decisions. Finally, for the legal and technical problems of Sinicized case law, this paper analyzes the retroactive effect, citation, differential technology and so on. Through the above discussion, the author believes that the bottleneck of the reform of modern judicial system in our country lies in the imperfection of the legal system, and the excellent judicial system in foreign countries should become the object of our reference. Only by combining the characteristics of China can the case law system give full play to its excellent characteristics. This combination will quickly adapt to the soil of China's politics, economy and rule of law, and make China's politics more democratic, its economy more prosperous and its rule of law healthier.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D920.4

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 白章龍;余書(shū)金;晏改會(huì);沈紅波;;檢察機(jī)關(guān)案例指導(dǎo)制度若干問(wèn)題探析[J];中南大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2012年05期

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本文編號(hào)：2492420