西北民族地區(qū)政治穩(wěn)定與法律治理的實踐歷史研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-02-10 18:34
【摘要】：中國歷史源遠(yuǎn)流長,在這歷史長河中,中央政府對西北民族地區(qū)的治理方略大體經(jīng)歷了兩種模式:一種是傳統(tǒng)的、源遠(yuǎn)流長的羈糜制度和土司制度;另一種是1949年新中國成立以后開始實行的“民族區(qū)域自治”制度。勿庸置疑的是,作為中國共產(chǎn)黨第一代領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體的一項重大創(chuàng)舉,“民族區(qū)域自治”制度在維護(hù)西北民族地區(qū)的社會政治穩(wěn)定和國家統(tǒng)一方面發(fā)揮了重大而積極的作用。但是,在具體的實踐過程中,由于“民族區(qū)域自治”制度中的“政治邏輯”事實上優(yōu)位于“法理邏輯”,致使其本身的制度化品格及其“效應(yīng)”沒能充分彰顯出來。 基于此,為了使“民族區(qū)域自治”制度的潛在優(yōu)越性發(fā)揮出來,有必要在新的歷史形勢之下回歸和重申其“法理邏輯”。唯此,則一方面能夠適應(yīng)目前西北民族地區(qū)比較復(fù)雜的社會、經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治局勢;另一方面也能適應(yīng)“依法治國,建設(shè)社會主義法治國家”的治理方略,進(jìn)而實現(xiàn)西北少數(shù)民族從“民族認(rèn)同”到“國族認(rèn)同”的轉(zhuǎn)換,為西北地區(qū)的長治久安和社會政治穩(wěn)定奠定堅實的基礎(chǔ)。我們把這種回歸和重構(gòu)了其內(nèi)在的“法理邏輯”的“民族區(qū)域自治制度”看作是一種更能適應(yīng)新時期中央政府對西北民族地區(qū)進(jìn)行治理的模式。 本文即從這三種治理模式為切入點,來對西北民族地區(qū)政治穩(wěn)定與法律治理進(jìn)行一種實踐歷史性研究。本文試圖通過對歷史上存在的兩種法律治理模式的對比分析,以史為鑒,并在此基礎(chǔ)上倡議一種“法律”主導(dǎo)型治理模式,以期對西北少數(shù)民族地區(qū)的治理走上一條常規(guī)化、制度化模式有所裨益。 第一部分主要通過對歷史上及現(xiàn)存的西北民族地區(qū)治理狀況的概述,從理論上對西北民族地區(qū)治理模式作一個總的分類,并指出劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、劃分方法及劃分目的。 第二部分主要以早期西北民族地區(qū)為背景,通過對當(dāng)時羈縻土司制度的介紹,梳理出早期西北民族地區(qū)法律治理的特征,即政治主導(dǎo)型治理模式,并分析這種模式在當(dāng)時存在的價值及其作用。 第三部分主要通過對新中國成立后實施的民族區(qū)域自治制度、西部大開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略以及相關(guān)法律制度的分析,立足于西北民族地區(qū)現(xiàn)狀,分析這些制度政策的現(xiàn)狀以及趨勢。 第四部分主要是在前三章分析對比的基礎(chǔ)上,提出在依法治國,建立社會主義法制國家背景下的以“國族認(rèn)同”為價值取向的法律主導(dǎo)型治理模式的初步設(shè)想。
[Abstract]:The history of China has a long history. In this long history, the central government's strategy of governing the northwest ethnic areas has generally experienced two modes: one is the traditional and long-standing system of restraint and the system of toast; The other is the system of regional national autonomy that began after the founding of the people's Republic of China in 1949. There is no doubt that, as a major initiative of the Chinese Communist Party's first generation of collective leadership, the system of "regional national autonomy" has played an important and active role in maintaining social and political stability and national unity in the northwest ethnic areas. However, in the concrete practice process, because the "political logic" in the system of "regional national autonomy" lies in the "legal logic" in fact, its own institutionalized character and its "effect" are not fully displayed. Based on this, in order to bring into play the potential superiority of the system of regional national autonomy, it is necessary to return to and reaffirm its "legal logic" under the new historical situation. On the one hand, it can adapt to the complicated social, economic and political situation in the Northwest ethnic areas. On the other hand, it can also adapt to the governing strategy of "governing the country according to law and building a socialist country ruled by law", and then realize the transition from "national identity" to "national identity" of the ethnic minorities in Northwest China. Lay a solid foundation for long-term stability and social and political stability in the Northwest region. We regard this kind of "regional national autonomy system", which reconstructs its inherent "legal logic", as a more suitable model for the central government to govern the northwest ethnic areas in the new period. From these three governance models, this paper makes a historical study on political stability and legal governance in Northwest ethnic areas. This paper attempts to draw lessons from history by comparing and analyzing the two kinds of legal governance models that exist in history, and on this basis, it proposes a kind of "law" leading governance mode, in order to carry on a regularization to the governance of the northwest minority areas. The institutionalization model helps. The first part mainly through the historical and the extant northwest minority area governance situation outline, theoretically makes a general classification to the northwest minority area governance pattern, and points out the division standard, the division method and the division goal. The second part mainly takes the early northwest minority area as the background, through the introduction to the Jimi Tusi system at that time, combs out the early northwest minority area legal governance characteristic, namely the political leading type governs the pattern, And analyze the value and function of this model at that time. The third part mainly through the analysis of the national regional autonomy system, the western development strategy and the related legal system after the founding of New China, based on the present situation of the northwest ethnic areas, analyzes the present situation and the trend of these systems and policies. The fourth part is mainly on the basis of the analysis and contrast of the first three chapters, and puts forward the tentative idea of the legal dominant governance mode under the background of governing the country according to law and establishing the socialist legal system country with the value orientation of "national identity" as the value orientation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D920.4
本文編號：2419391
[Abstract]:The history of China has a long history. In this long history, the central government's strategy of governing the northwest ethnic areas has generally experienced two modes: one is the traditional and long-standing system of restraint and the system of toast; The other is the system of regional national autonomy that began after the founding of the people's Republic of China in 1949. There is no doubt that, as a major initiative of the Chinese Communist Party's first generation of collective leadership, the system of "regional national autonomy" has played an important and active role in maintaining social and political stability and national unity in the northwest ethnic areas. However, in the concrete practice process, because the "political logic" in the system of "regional national autonomy" lies in the "legal logic" in fact, its own institutionalized character and its "effect" are not fully displayed. Based on this, in order to bring into play the potential superiority of the system of regional national autonomy, it is necessary to return to and reaffirm its "legal logic" under the new historical situation. On the one hand, it can adapt to the complicated social, economic and political situation in the Northwest ethnic areas. On the other hand, it can also adapt to the governing strategy of "governing the country according to law and building a socialist country ruled by law", and then realize the transition from "national identity" to "national identity" of the ethnic minorities in Northwest China. Lay a solid foundation for long-term stability and social and political stability in the Northwest region. We regard this kind of "regional national autonomy system", which reconstructs its inherent "legal logic", as a more suitable model for the central government to govern the northwest ethnic areas in the new period. From these three governance models, this paper makes a historical study on political stability and legal governance in Northwest ethnic areas. This paper attempts to draw lessons from history by comparing and analyzing the two kinds of legal governance models that exist in history, and on this basis, it proposes a kind of "law" leading governance mode, in order to carry on a regularization to the governance of the northwest minority areas. The institutionalization model helps. The first part mainly through the historical and the extant northwest minority area governance situation outline, theoretically makes a general classification to the northwest minority area governance pattern, and points out the division standard, the division method and the division goal. The second part mainly takes the early northwest minority area as the background, through the introduction to the Jimi Tusi system at that time, combs out the early northwest minority area legal governance characteristic, namely the political leading type governs the pattern, And analyze the value and function of this model at that time. The third part mainly through the analysis of the national regional autonomy system, the western development strategy and the related legal system after the founding of New China, based on the present situation of the northwest ethnic areas, analyzes the present situation and the trend of these systems and policies. The fourth part is mainly on the basis of the analysis and contrast of the first three chapters, and puts forward the tentative idea of the legal dominant governance mode under the background of governing the country according to law and establishing the socialist legal system country with the value orientation of "national identity" as the value orientation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D920.4
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