【摘要】： 立法聽證是立法主體在立法活動中,進(jìn)行有關(guān)涉及到公民、法人或其他組織的權(quán)益的立法時,給予利害關(guān)系人發(fā)表意見的機(jī)會,由立法主體聽取意見的程序的法律制度。雖然我國立法聽證制度已經(jīng)經(jīng)過近十年的發(fā)展,在制度建設(shè)和實(shí)踐操作層面上都有了長足的發(fā)展,然而總體上講,立法聽證制度在我國還是處于研究探索階段,有很多的問題有待于完善和解決。本文的立法聽證效果評估研究就是基于上述的思考,希望通過對對立法聽證實(shí)際運(yùn)作進(jìn)行評估,以發(fā)現(xiàn)目前我國立法聽證制度的不足和缺陷。 立法聽證效果評估即是運(yùn)用一定的原理和指標(biāo)體系,對照一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),按照一定的程序,對立法聽證制度或者某一次立法聽證會所取得的效果與預(yù)定目標(biāo)相比較,做出客觀、公正和準(zhǔn)確的綜合評判。鑒于立法聽證的重要性和目前存在的缺陷性,立法聽證效果評估就有了存在的必要性。 立法聽證的應(yīng)然效果就是立法聽證所欲達(dá)成的目標(biāo)和效果。文章從我國引進(jìn)立法聽證制度的初衷分析得出我國立法聽證所欲取得的應(yīng)然效果,即立法科學(xué)性民主性和立法經(jīng)濟(jì)性,并以聽證的進(jìn)行為主線為應(yīng)然效果的實(shí)現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)了一套指標(biāo)體系,從聽證范圍的確定、聽證工作方案、聽證公告的發(fā)布、聽證主持人的選擇、聽證陳述人的遴選、聽證過程、聽證報告等方面為聽證效果評估設(shè)定了具體的指標(biāo)。 立法聽證實(shí)然效果希望能通過聽證實(shí)際運(yùn)作與指標(biāo)體系的比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)我國立法聽證實(shí)際運(yùn)作中的不足,比如聽證范圍的確定隨意、缺乏統(tǒng)籌性,聽證公告的發(fā)布時間、內(nèi)容和方式存在缺陷,陳述人代表性不足,聽證過程辯論缺失,聽證報告效力不足等問題。 造成立法聽證如此實(shí)然效果的原因是多方面的,包括我國民主意識缺失、立法權(quán)力配置不均衡、立法聽證規(guī)則設(shè)計(jì)不合理等方面。在對這些原因進(jìn)行深層次分析的基礎(chǔ)上,對我國立法聽證制度的構(gòu)建提出建議,即:培育民主意識、合理配置立法權(quán)、完善立法聽證規(guī)則。 立法聽證效果評估不僅是立法聽證制度的延伸和繼續(xù),也是立法過程的延伸與繼續(xù),是立法民主化和公眾參與立法的需要,通過對其研究可以檢驗(yàn)和發(fā)展已有的立法理論,使立法程序、立法技術(shù)等相關(guān)理論更加完善。而其實(shí)踐意義在于:通過對立法聽證效果進(jìn)行評估發(fā)現(xiàn)實(shí)踐操作上的不足之處,為今后的立法聽證實(shí)踐提供更好的模式,使所立之法更好的體現(xiàn)各個群體的利益,成為真正的良法。
[Abstract]:Legislative hearing is a legal system in which the main body of legislation carries out legislation concerning the rights and interests of citizens, legal persons or other organizations, giving interested parties the opportunity to express their opinions, and the procedure of hearing opinions by the main body of legislation. Although the legislative hearing system of our country has been developing for nearly ten years, it has made great progress in the level of system construction and practice and operation, but on the whole, the system of legislative hearing is still in the stage of research and exploration in our country. There are many problems to be improved and solved. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effect of the legislative hearing on the basis of the above thinking, hoping to evaluate the actual operation of the legislative hearing in order to find out the deficiencies and defects of the current legislative hearing system in our country. The evaluation of the effect of the legislative hearing is to use certain principles and index system, compare the effect of the legislative hearing system or a certain legislative hearing with the predetermined target, and objectively compare the effect of the legislative hearing system or a certain legislative hearing with the predetermined target, in accordance with certain standards, according to certain procedures. A fair and accurate comprehensive judgment. In view of the importance and defect of legislative hearing, it is necessary to evaluate the effect of legislative hearing. The necessary effect of the legislative hearing is the goal and effect of the legislative hearing. Based on the analysis of the original intention of introducing the legislative hearing system in our country, this paper draws the conclusion that the legislative hearing should achieve the desired effect, that is, the scientific and democratic nature of the legislation and the economy of the legislation. A set of index system is designed for the realization of the supposed effect with the main line of the hearing, from the determination of the hearing scope, the work plan of the hearing, the publication of the hearing announcement, the selection of the hearing moderator, the selection of the hearing presenters, the hearing process. Hearing reports and other aspects for the hearing effect evaluation set specific indicators. The legislative hearing proves that the effect of the hearing is expected to be compared with the actual operation of the hearing system, and to find out the deficiencies in the actual operation of the legislative hearing in our country, such as the arbitrary determination of the scope of the hearing, the lack of overall planning, and the release time of the public notice of the hearing. There are defects in contents and methods, inadequate representation of declarators, lack of debate in the hearing process, insufficient effectiveness of hearing reports, and so on. There are many reasons for the actual effect of the legislative hearing, including the lack of democratic consciousness in our country, the imbalance in the allocation of legislative power, the unreasonable design of the rules of legislative hearing, and so on. On the basis of the deep analysis of these reasons, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the construction of our country's legislative hearing system, that is, cultivating democratic consciousness, allocating legislative power reasonably, and perfecting the rules of legislative hearing. The evaluation of the legislative hearing effect is not only the extension and continuation of the legislative hearing system, but also the extension and continuation of the legislative process. It is the need of the democratization of legislation and the participation of the public in the legislation. Through its research, the existing legislative theories can be tested and developed. Make legislative procedure, legislative technology and other related theories more perfect. Its practical significance lies in: through the evaluation of the effect of the legislative hearing to find out the shortcomings of the practice, to provide a better model for the future legislative hearing practice, so that the law better reflect the interests of each group. Be the real law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D920.0

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 蘇黎蘭;張紫薇;張志;;基于定量分析的立法后評估方法[J];理論月刊;2012年03期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 錢暢;我國地方立法聽證參加人制度研究[D];華東政法大學(xué);2012年

2 孫慧英;我國聽證制度建設(shè)研究[D];南京師范大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：2405142