【摘要】： 本文以形式邏輯學(xué)中的概念及推理理論作為分析的工具(方法)對法律概念及法律適用過程進行了相關(guān)分析。分析目的在于明確法律概念、法律概念的確定性、法律概念的作用、法律推理的重要性、訴訟中法律概念、法律條文、法律推理、法律學(xué)理論、生活及司法經(jīng)驗的關(guān)系,以及明確案件事實與法律結(jié)論的形成過程、疑難案件司法專業(yè)化與司法大眾化及司法能動主義等相關(guān)問題。 在本文導(dǎo)論部分,概述了本文的研究方法及本文的研究目的。第二章論述了法律概念的相關(guān)特征后對法律概念進行界定,即其指現(xiàn)行有效法律條文中具有特定法律含義的概念,其特定法律含義有三個來源,第一,立法者“借”日常用語或其他專業(yè)術(shù)語至法律條文時或之后在法律條文中賦予其特定的法律含義;第二,司法者在適用某個法律條文時賦予法律條文中的普通概念特定的法律含義;第三,法律學(xué)家創(chuàng)造的且有一致認(rèn)識的法學(xué)術(shù)語載入現(xiàn)行有效的法律條文。本章還批判及解釋了法律概念的不確定性,得出法律概念的不確定性問題系由主觀原因所致。第三章考察了法律適用過程,說明法律適用過程中法律概念如何作用以及參與人進行了什么樣的推理,在于描繪法律適用過程的思考“圖景”,亦即展現(xiàn)從法律咨詢開始經(jīng)過庭審的開題、質(zhì)證、辯論之后得出判決(法律結(jié)論)的整個思維過程所運用的法律概念及推理過程;并考察了拉倫茨的關(guān)于案件事實形成的理論,提出拉倫茨看到了在案件事實的形成過程中(法律與事實之間),法律職業(yè)者的法律學(xué)理論與生活經(jīng)驗重要性,但卻忽視法律職業(yè)者在事實與法律之間來回穿梭時最為重要的因素——其掌握并運用的法律概念。第四章則通過解決麥考密克關(guān)于充分條件假言命題推理在法律適用過程中的局限性,看清了法律學(xué)理論、生活常理和法律推理之間的關(guān)系,亦即法律學(xué)理論與生活常理在法律適用中的重要性。結(jié)論部分將有關(guān)法律概念、推理新式、法律的不確定性及司法能動性做了理論總結(jié),并在進一步總結(jié)中,梳理了法律概念、法律條文、事實與法律、法律適用過程、法律發(fā)現(xiàn)過程,法律推理、法律論證、法律解釋、超越法律、實質(zhì)法律推理、疑難案件、形式法律推理及法律共同體、法律職業(yè)化、法律大眾化、司法克制主義(法條主義)、司法能動主義之間的關(guān)聯(lián)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the concept and reasoning theory of formal logic are used as the analytical tools (methods) to analyze the concept of law and the process of its application. The purpose of the analysis is to clarify the legal concept, the certainty of the legal concept, the role of the legal concept, the importance of legal reasoning, the legal concept in litigation, the legal provisions, the legal reasoning, the legal theory, the relationship between life and judicial experience. The formation process of case facts and legal conclusions, the problems of judicial specialization and judicial popularization and judicial activism in difficult cases are also discussed. In the introduction of this paper, the research methods and the purpose of this paper are summarized. The second chapter discusses the relevant characteristics of the legal concept and defines the legal concept, that is, it refers to the concept of specific legal meaning in the current effective legal provisions, and its specific legal meaning has three sources. The legislator assigns specific legal meaning to the legal provisions "by means of" everyday language or other professional terms "when or after the provisions of the law;" Second, when applying a legal provision, the judiciary gives specific legal meaning to the general concept in the legal provision; third, the legal terminology coined by the jurist and has a consistent understanding is enshrined in the existing legal provisions in force. This chapter also criticizes and explains the uncertainty of legal concept, and concludes that the uncertainty of legal concept is caused by subjective reasons. The third chapter examines the process of law application, explains how the concept of law works in the process of law application and what kind of reasoning the participant carries out, which is to describe the thinking "picture" of the process of law application. That is to say, it shows the legal concept and reasoning process used in the whole thinking process of the judgment (legal conclusion) after the beginning of legal consultation, cross-examination and argument. It also examines the theory of the formation of the facts of the case, and points out that he sees the importance of the legal theory and the life experience of the legal profession in the process of the formation of the facts of the case (between the law and the facts). However, the most important factor of the legal profession's shuttling back and forth between fact and law is the legal concept it grasps and applies. In the fourth chapter, by solving McCormick's limitation in the process of law application, the relationship between the theory of law, the common sense of life and the reasoning of law is clearly seen. That is, the importance of the theory of law and common sense of life in the application of law. The conclusion summarizes the concepts of law, the new style of reasoning, the uncertainty of law and judicial initiative, and in the further summary, combs the concept of law, legal provisions, facts and law, and the process of law application. Legal discovery process, legal reasoning, legal argumentation, legal interpretation, transcending law, substantive legal reasoning, difficult cases, formal legal reasoning and legal community, legal professionalization, legal popularization, judicial restraint (legalism), The connection between judicial activism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D90

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 上官家樂;;法律關(guān)系分析方法在案例分析中的運用[J];晉城職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院學(xué)報;2011年04期

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本文編號：2375484