清代“立嫡子違法”律例研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-22 06:18
【摘要】： “立嫡子違法”律例為《大清律例·戶律》專條,主要用來規(guī)制在宗祧繼承人的選立過程之中,不遵循法律規(guī)定的順序和條件選立宗祧繼承人,或者是違背了相關(guān)選立程序,從而破壞了家庭乃至家族內(nèi)部倫理秩序的行為。本條立法的重點在于維護基層社會宗祧繼承的穩(wěn)定,體現(xiàn)出專制國家寄希望于對宗祧繼承人的選立范圍以及選立程序的法定化,以達到“民安而國固”的目的。 宗祧繼承歷來為統(tǒng)治者所重視,同時宗祧繼承也直接關(guān)系到被繼承人遺產(chǎn)的分配。由于涉及到了財產(chǎn)的繼承和分配的問題,因此,宗祧繼承行為直接關(guān)系到家庭乃至家族內(nèi)部關(guān)系的和諧與穩(wěn)定,這對于整個基層社會的穩(wěn)定是可以起到?jīng)Q定性作用的�；鶎由鐣姆�(wěn)定關(guān)系到專制國家社會統(tǒng)治基礎(chǔ),因此統(tǒng)治者相當重視,在規(guī)范民間繼承行為,制裁由此引發(fā)的相關(guān)違法犯罪行為方面有明確規(guī)定。 “立嫡子違法”律例規(guī)范體系及事例、成案、則例等相關(guān)法律淵源,彼此間相互聯(lián)系,相互補充,以教化與懲罰相結(jié)合的方式,對維護清朝統(tǒng)治秩序起到過積極的作用。但是由于立法與社會現(xiàn)實之間存在一定程度的脫節(jié),因而導致法律在具體的適用過程中,產(chǎn)生了與社會現(xiàn)實的種種不適應,并且伴隨著商品經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,以及社會生活中經(jīng)濟因素的作用日益凸顯,法律在司法的過程之中孕育著變革的必然性。 本文以“立嫡子違法”律例為研究對象,對其律的發(fā)展沿革以及例條的增刪修訂進行梳理,在整理有關(guān)“立嫡子違法”律例及相關(guān)的法規(guī)體系的同時,解讀其規(guī)制對象。通過具體事例分析,了解該法律在社會生活中的適用問題,以及專制國家所采取的種種措施。在試圖揭示該法律所蘊含立法理念的同時,分析其最深層次的立法目的所在。在對該條法律在司法過程之中的具體使用情況予以分析和反思之后,尋找法律發(fā)展和演變的規(guī)律性所在。在盡可能的對法律本身以及其適用效果作出客觀評價的同時,總結(jié)其成功的經(jīng)驗和失敗的教訓,為當代社會的立法和司法提供一定的啟示。
[Abstract]:The law of "illegality of lien Zi" is a special article of the Law of the Qing Dynasty. It is mainly used to regulate the selection of heirs of the patriarchal system in the process of selecting the heirs of the patriarchal system, not in accordance with the order and conditions prescribed by the law, or in violation of the relevant procedures for the election of heirs. Thus destroying the family and even the family's internal ethical order behavior. The emphasis of this article is to maintain the stability of the patriarchal system succession in the grassroots society, which reflects the autarchy country's hope that the scope of the selection of the heir to the patriarchal system and the legalization of the selection procedure are the hope of the autocratic state, in order to achieve the goal of "the people are safe and the country is strong". The clan system inheritance has always been attached importance to by the rulers, and it is also directly related to the distribution of the heirs. Because of the problem of inheritance and distribution of property, the inheritance of patriarchal system directly relates to the harmony and stability of the family and even the relationship within the family, which can play a decisive role in the stability of the whole grass-roots society. The stability of the grass-roots society is related to the ruling foundation of the autocratic state society, so the rulers attach great importance to it, and have a clear stipulation in standardizing the folk inheritance behavior and sanctioning the related illegal and criminal acts caused by it. The rules and regulations system and examples, the case, the rules of law and other related legal sources, which are related to each other and complement each other, played a positive role in maintaining the ruling order of the Qing Dynasty in the way of the combination of enlightenment and punishment. However, there is a certain degree of disconnection between legislation and social reality, which leads to the law in the specific application process, resulting in a variety of social reality, and accompanied by the development of the commodity economy. And the role of economic factors in social life is increasingly prominent, the law in the judicial process pregnant with the inevitability of change. In this paper, the author takes the laws and regulations as the research object, combs the development of the laws and the addition and deletion of the rules, and interprets the regulation objects while sorting out the laws and regulations about the illegal laws and regulations of the laws and regulations on the basis of the laws and regulations. Through the analysis of concrete examples, we can understand the application of this law in social life and the measures taken by autocratic countries. While trying to reveal the legislative idea contained in the law, it analyzes its deepest legislative purpose. After analyzing and reflecting on the specific use of the law in the judicial process, the author finds out the regularity of the development and evolution of the law. While making an objective evaluation of the law itself and its application effect as far as possible, the author summarizes its successful experience and the lessons of its failure, and provides some enlightenment for the legislation and judicature of the contemporary society.
【學位授予單位】：南開大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D929
本文編號：2348339
[Abstract]:The law of "illegality of lien Zi" is a special article of the Law of the Qing Dynasty. It is mainly used to regulate the selection of heirs of the patriarchal system in the process of selecting the heirs of the patriarchal system, not in accordance with the order and conditions prescribed by the law, or in violation of the relevant procedures for the election of heirs. Thus destroying the family and even the family's internal ethical order behavior. The emphasis of this article is to maintain the stability of the patriarchal system succession in the grassroots society, which reflects the autarchy country's hope that the scope of the selection of the heir to the patriarchal system and the legalization of the selection procedure are the hope of the autocratic state, in order to achieve the goal of "the people are safe and the country is strong". The clan system inheritance has always been attached importance to by the rulers, and it is also directly related to the distribution of the heirs. Because of the problem of inheritance and distribution of property, the inheritance of patriarchal system directly relates to the harmony and stability of the family and even the relationship within the family, which can play a decisive role in the stability of the whole grass-roots society. The stability of the grass-roots society is related to the ruling foundation of the autocratic state society, so the rulers attach great importance to it, and have a clear stipulation in standardizing the folk inheritance behavior and sanctioning the related illegal and criminal acts caused by it. The rules and regulations system and examples, the case, the rules of law and other related legal sources, which are related to each other and complement each other, played a positive role in maintaining the ruling order of the Qing Dynasty in the way of the combination of enlightenment and punishment. However, there is a certain degree of disconnection between legislation and social reality, which leads to the law in the specific application process, resulting in a variety of social reality, and accompanied by the development of the commodity economy. And the role of economic factors in social life is increasingly prominent, the law in the judicial process pregnant with the inevitability of change. In this paper, the author takes the laws and regulations as the research object, combs the development of the laws and the addition and deletion of the rules, and interprets the regulation objects while sorting out the laws and regulations about the illegal laws and regulations of the laws and regulations on the basis of the laws and regulations. Through the analysis of concrete examples, we can understand the application of this law in social life and the measures taken by autocratic countries. While trying to reveal the legislative idea contained in the law, it analyzes its deepest legislative purpose. After analyzing and reflecting on the specific use of the law in the judicial process, the author finds out the regularity of the development and evolution of the law. While making an objective evaluation of the law itself and its application effect as far as possible, the author summarizes its successful experience and the lessons of its failure, and provides some enlightenment for the legislation and judicature of the contemporary society.
【學位授予單位】：南開大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D929
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