訴訟社會與無訟社會的辨析和啟示——糾紛解決機制中的國家與社會
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-10 22:43
【摘要】：中國法律史的最新研究成果表明,古代中國盡管確實存在著相對"無訟"的現(xiàn)象和"息訟"的努力,但實際上有不少區(qū)域呈現(xiàn)出"訴訟社會"的景象,訴訟濫用、欺詐訴訟、惡意訴訟等甚至成為一些地方嚴(yán)重的社會問題。除了深刻的經(jīng)濟、社會和文化原因外,中央集權(quán)下發(fā)達的司法體制與民間社會自治的相對弱勢,是形成訴訟社會的關(guān)鍵要因。當(dāng)訴訟超出社會和司法的承受力之時,官府對訴訟的限制乃至打壓,就成為不可避免的潛規(guī)則。濫訟與訟難交織的惡性循環(huán),既破壞了司法的公信力,也必然導(dǎo)致社會治理的混亂和道德失范。歷史經(jīng)驗表明,"訴訟社會"和"無訟社會"這兩種理想類型,都不能獨立成為社會治理的合理模式,現(xiàn)實的選擇只能是通過多元化糾紛解決機制來應(yīng)對各種社會需求和危機,從而形成國家法律機制與社會自治的協(xié)調(diào),逐步接近善治。
[Abstract]:The latest research results in China's legal history show that although there was a relatively "no lawsuit" phenomenon and "interest litigation" in ancient China, in fact, there are many regions showing a "litigation society", litigation abuse, fraud litigation, Malicious litigation has even become a serious social problem in some places. Besides the profound economic, social and cultural reasons, the relative weakness of the developed judicial system and civil society autonomy under the centralization of power is the key factor to form the litigation society. When litigation is beyond the capacity of society and judicature, the restriction and even suppression of litigation by the government becomes an inevitable hidden rule. The vicious circle of excessive litigation and difficult litigation not only destroys the credibility of judicature, but also leads to chaos of social governance and moral anomie. Historical experience shows that the two ideal types of "litigation society" and "non-litigation society" cannot independently become the reasonable mode of social governance, and the realistic choice is to deal with various social needs and crises through diversified dispute resolution mechanisms. Thus forming the national legal mechanism and social autonomy coordination, gradually close to good governance.
【作者單位】： 中國人民大學(xué)法學(xué)院;
【基金】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)985三期整體推進社會科學(xué)研究項目“維護社會公平正義的司法制度建設(shè)研究”(項目編號:2011SHKXZD015) 中國人民大學(xué)糾紛解決研究中心重點標(biāo)志性研究項目“多元化糾紛解決機制”的研究成果之一
【分類號】：D929
[Abstract]:The latest research results in China's legal history show that although there was a relatively "no lawsuit" phenomenon and "interest litigation" in ancient China, in fact, there are many regions showing a "litigation society", litigation abuse, fraud litigation, Malicious litigation has even become a serious social problem in some places. Besides the profound economic, social and cultural reasons, the relative weakness of the developed judicial system and civil society autonomy under the centralization of power is the key factor to form the litigation society. When litigation is beyond the capacity of society and judicature, the restriction and even suppression of litigation by the government becomes an inevitable hidden rule. The vicious circle of excessive litigation and difficult litigation not only destroys the credibility of judicature, but also leads to chaos of social governance and moral anomie. Historical experience shows that the two ideal types of "litigation society" and "non-litigation society" cannot independently become the reasonable mode of social governance, and the realistic choice is to deal with various social needs and crises through diversified dispute resolution mechanisms. Thus forming the national legal mechanism and social autonomy coordination, gradually close to good governance.
【作者單位】： 中國人民大學(xué)法學(xué)院;
【基金】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)985三期整體推進社會科學(xué)研究項目“維護社會公平正義的司法制度建設(shè)研究”(項目編號:2011SHKXZD015) 中國人民大學(xué)糾紛解決研究中心重點標(biāo)志性研究項目“多元化糾紛解決機制”的研究成果之一
【分類號】：D929
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8 姚e，
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