【摘要】：近幾十年來，基于人類經濟活動的日益復雜和多樣性，人們對經濟世界認識的程度也逐步的加深，以理性選擇理論為基礎的法律經濟學受到了前所未有的質疑和挑戰(zhàn)，它在對許多經濟現象的分析上喪失了傳統(tǒng)優(yōu)勢。背離理性選擇理論的一些“反常現象”正在逐步進入人們的視野范圍，行為法律經濟學針對理性選擇理論認定的個人在經濟活動中完全以追求自身利益最大化為目的的假設，和古典經濟學中一貫認定的每個人有足夠能力收集并處理自己掌握信息的假設提出了嚴重的懷疑，同時指出人們在現實世界真實行為的有限理性、有限意志、有限自利，而且正是上述的這些因素促使人們作出與理性選擇理論相背的決策。 本文首先從法律經濟學的歷史概述談起，對法律經濟學追本溯源，探求法律經濟學在中國乃至整個世界的歷史發(fā)展進程。其次，這里關注點是如何分析和探究法律經濟學的理論基石---理性選擇理論，剖析其深層次內涵，明確指出背離理性選擇理論的一些“反常現象”，及人們在現實世界真實行為的有限理性、有限意志、有限自利的顯著特性。最后，從邏輯的角度識別理性選擇理論的偏頗，，并對其進行邏輯上的完善，以此來顯示行為法律經濟學所具有的邏輯意義。正是基于以上多個方面的分析，我們可以清晰的揭示行為法律經濟學所具有的理論和現實前瞻性。 本文主要包含以下五個部分： 引言說明了文章的中心脈絡，明確論文的寫作目的和寫作過程中所秉承的研究方法。 第一章介紹了法律經濟學以及這門學科的產生、發(fā)展的歷史過程，對法律經濟學進行歷史的清理，是為了更加了解法律經濟學這門學科在世界和中國的發(fā)展及現狀。特別是這門學科研究的基本方法----理性選擇，是我們需要關注的。 第二章闡明了法律經濟學的理論基石----理性選擇理論，指出理性選擇理論的經典假設和其在部門法間的廣泛應用，在此基礎上，集中研究了現實世界中存在的大量背離理性選擇理論的“反�，F象”，并指出理性選擇理論所具有的片面強調人的完全理性，忽視個人理性和集體理性之間的沖突，忽視人與環(huán)境相關性，機械地假定信息充分和競爭完全等不容忽視的理論和現實的局限性。 第三章行為法律經濟學對古典經濟學理性選擇理論的補充和修正，重點闡述現實世界中人的理性所具有有限性：有限理性、有限意志、有限自利及其特征。 第四章從演繹推理的角度論證了理性選擇理論所具有的偏頗，進一步指出理性選擇理論存在邏輯與現實的不一致性，并力圖通過對邏輯學相關知識的運用，展現出行為法律經濟學意欲彰顯的理論研究和政策實踐意義。
[Abstract]:In recent decades, due to the increasing complexity and diversity of human economic activities, the degree of people's understanding of the economic world has gradually deepened, and the law and economics based on the theory of rational choice has been questioned and challenged unprecedented. It has lost its traditional advantage in analyzing many economic phenomena. Some "abnormal phenomena" which deviate from the rational choice theory are gradually entering the scope of people's vision. The assumption that the individual in the economic activities of the rational choice theory assumes that the individual should pursue the maximization of his own interests completely in accordance with the hypothesis of rational choice theory. And the assumption in classical economics that everyone has the ability to collect and process their own information raises serious doubts, pointing out that people in the real world act with limited reason, limited will, and limited self-interest. And it is these factors that prompt people to make decisions contrary to rational choice theory. This paper begins with the history of legal economics, tracing back to the source of legal economics, and exploring the historical development process of legal economics in China and the whole world. Secondly, this paper focuses on how to analyze and explore the theoretical cornerstone of legal economics-rational choice theory, analyze its deep connotation, and point out some "abnormal phenomena" that deviate from rational choice theory. And people in the real world of the real behavior of limited rationality, limited will, limited self-interest of the remarkable characteristics. Finally, from the perspective of logic, we identify the bias of rational choice theory and improve it logically to show the logical significance of behavioral law and economics. Based on the above analysis, we can clearly reveal the theoretical and practical foresight of behavioral law and economics. This paper mainly includes the following five parts: the introduction explains the central context of the article, and clarifies the purpose of writing and the research methods carried out in the process of writing. In the first chapter, the author introduces the history of law economics and the emergence and development of this subject. The purpose of this chapter is to get a better understanding of the development and present situation of the subject of law economics in the world and China. In particular, the basic research method of this discipline-rational choice, is what we need to pay attention to. The second chapter expounds the theoretical cornerstone of law and economics-rational choice theory, and points out the classical hypothesis of rational choice theory and its wide application in the field of law, on the basis of which, This paper focuses on a large number of "abnormal phenomena" which deviate from the theory of rational choice in the real world, and points out that the theory of rational choice has one-sided emphasis on the complete rationality of human beings, while ignoring the conflict between individual rationality and collective rationality. Ignoring the correlation between human and environment and mechanically assuming that the information is sufficient and competitive, the limitations of theory and reality can not be ignored. The third chapter is the supplement and revision of the theory of rational choice in classical economics by behavioral legal economics, which focuses on the limitation of human rationality in the real world: limited reason, limited will, limited self-interest and its characteristics. Chapter four demonstrates the bias of rational choice theory from the angle of deductive reasoning, further points out the inconsistency between logic and reality in rational choice theory, and tries to apply the relevant knowledge of logic. It shows the theoretical research and the practical significance of the policy.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D90-059

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