【摘要】： 人類社會(huì)是一個(gè)歷史悠久的社會(huì),法律制度跟隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展在不斷的變遷之中追尋進(jìn)步,沿尋著“原始社會(huì)—奴隸社會(huì)—封建社會(huì)—資本主義社會(huì)、社會(huì)主義社會(huì)”的發(fā)展歷程,我們能夠探析到一定的發(fā)展規(guī)律:即勞動(dòng)創(chuàng)造了社會(huì)。勞動(dòng)使人與自然界的其他動(dòng)物區(qū)別開(kāi)來(lái),勞動(dòng)是人類得以生存的有效途徑,因而,我們理應(yīng)對(duì)其加以研究,取其精髓去其糟粕,使其進(jìn)入合理化和合法化的高效軌道。 1804年的《法國(guó)民法典》第1710條在人類歷史上第一次明確規(guī)定了勞動(dòng)力租賃,即當(dāng)事人約定,一方為他方完成一定的工作,他方約定支付報(bào)酬的契約。隨著時(shí)代的變遷,勞動(dòng)力租賃也逐漸刻上了時(shí)代的烙印,從最初的勞動(dòng)力租賃,到現(xiàn)代的雇傭制度與勞動(dòng)制度,其在我們?nèi)祟惏l(fā)展史上都曾寫下了輝煌的篇章,對(duì)人類社會(huì)的發(fā)展起到了不可估量的作用,但在看到其貢獻(xiàn)的同時(shí)我們也不得不去考究一下其所存在的不足,這樣才能更加有效的利用社會(huì)勞動(dòng)力,推動(dòng)社會(huì)的發(fā)展。勞動(dòng)力租賃的出現(xiàn)造就了勞動(dòng)力出租者(勞動(dòng)者)與勞動(dòng)力承租者(物質(zhì)資本所有者),二者有所需有所求,各盡其能,各獲其求,理應(yīng)是一種公正平等的關(guān)系,然而,社會(huì)生產(chǎn)資料占有的不平衡使得勞動(dòng)力出租者與承租者的關(guān)系失衡,擁有生產(chǎn)資料的勞動(dòng)力承租者的優(yōu)勢(shì)地位得以保障和實(shí)現(xiàn),而提供勞動(dòng)力的出租者則只能獲得維持生存的基本生活資料,很顯然,勞動(dòng)力出租者受制于勞動(dòng)力承租者,其各方的權(quán)利也就得不到保障,對(duì)于勞動(dòng)力出租者的權(quán)利維護(hù)在某種程度上還處于少法或脫法的狀態(tài)。隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展,從一些社會(huì)現(xiàn)象中我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的用工結(jié)構(gòu)所存在的問(wèn)題,勞動(dòng)者的主體地位被弱化,勞動(dòng)者的積極性被打退,勞動(dòng)者的剩余分享的權(quán)利得不到保障,勞動(dòng)者失去了再發(fā)展的條件,從而也同樣制約了資本和投資者的再發(fā)展,這就是阻礙我們現(xiàn)代社會(huì)發(fā)展進(jìn)程的因素之一,可見(jiàn)對(duì)于勞動(dòng)力租賃的研究有著深刻的社會(huì)意義。 本文以《法國(guó)民法典》為歷史背景,沿著人類社會(huì)的發(fā)展階段探尋勞動(dòng)力租賃的根源和發(fā)展歷程,論證其成立的可能性,指出其所存在的瑕疵,并提出創(chuàng)新性的理論以求沖破其局限性,對(duì)現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)法律制度的發(fā)展作出微薄貢獻(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:The human society is a society with a long history. The legal system follows the development of the society in pursuit of progress, along with the "primitive society-slave society-feudal society-capitalist society". The development course of socialist society, we can probe into certain development law: that is, labor creates society. Labor distinguishes man from other animals in nature. It is an effective way for human beings to survive. Therefore, we should study it and take its essence away from its dross. Article 1710 of the French Civil Code in 1804 clearly stipulated the lease of labor force in human history, that is, the agreement of the parties. One party completes certain work for the other party, the other party agrees to pay the contract. With the change of the times, the lease of labor force is gradually engraved with the brand of the times. From the original lease of labor force to the modern employment system and labor system, it has written a brilliant chapter in the history of human development. It has played an inestimable role in the development of human society, but at the same time, we also have to study its shortcomings in order to make more effective use of social labor force and promote the development of society. The emergence of labor leasing has created a fair and equal relationship between the labor renters (workers) and the labor tenants (owners of material capital). They have what they need, do their best, and get their own demands. The imbalance in the possession of social means of production makes the relationship between the renters of labor force and tenants out of balance, and the superior position of the tenants with the means of production can be guaranteed and realized. But the lessors who provide the labor force can only obtain the basic means of subsistence. Obviously, the workers are subject to the labor tenants, and the rights of all parties are not guaranteed. To a certain extent, the protection of the rights of the laborer is still in the state of law or abrogation. With the development of society, it is not difficult to find out from some social phenomena the problems existing in the structure of employment in modern society, the dominant position of the laborer has been weakened, and the enthusiasm of the laborer has been discouraged. The workers' rights to surplus and share are not guaranteed, and the workers have lost the conditions for re-development, thus also restricting the redevelopment of capital and investors. This is one of the factors hindering the development of our modern society. It can be seen that the study of labor leasing has profound social significance. Taking the French Civil Code as the historical background, this paper explores the root cause and development course of labor leasing along the development stage of human society, demonstrates the possibility of its establishment, and points out its defects. And put forward innovative theory in order to break through its limitations and make a meager contribution to the development of modern economic legal system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：DD913;D956.5

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本文編號(hào)：2138142