本文選題：英國 + 憲政史�。� 參考：《華東師范大學》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 以議會制及普通法憲法為代表的英國憲政制度不但是英國走上強國之路的關鍵,而且也深深影響了世界政治制度的發(fā)展。與這種重要地位不相稱的是,英國憲政史的研究在中國學界并沒有受到足夠的重視。本文將結合英國憲政史的動態(tài)變遷與靜態(tài)制度描述兩種方式,嘗試采用“史論結合”的方法勾勒出英國憲政的基本發(fā)展軌跡,并在這一路徑的基礎上,反思兩位主要的憲政研究學者的理論。 本文第二、三章為主體部分。兩章分別討論英國憲政模式的傳統(tǒng)形態(tài)和現代形態(tài)。第二章首先介紹作為傳統(tǒng)憲政模式形成基礎的社會背景,之后考察法律主治和均衡政制兩個主要的傳統(tǒng)權力均衡模式制度基礎。與這兩個基礎相對應的,分別介紹了其智識代表人物。通過對其代表人物的分析將能夠更好地理解這種制度模式。 第三章則主要考察權力均衡模式在十九世紀的轉型(實質上是一種政制現代化的過程)。本文將十九世紀的轉型看成一種傳統(tǒng)歷史主導型憲政模式向制度主導型憲政模式的轉化,而其表現形式則為現代政黨政治。與之相對應的,考察兩個十九世紀政制現代化背后的智識基礎。本章的最后一節(jié)則考察這種現代化路徑在二十世紀的延續(xù)及其內在機制。十九世紀后期的一些新發(fā)展使得第三章所考察的那種模式還出現了一些進一步的變化,只是因為此一過程還處在變化階段,目前無法對其進行準確歸納,而僅僅能夠進行一些描述和分析。 最后一章總結整個英國憲政史變遷的過程,得出自己的三步發(fā)展模型,基于這個模型,本文將對兩個理論進行反思,包括維爾的一般分權模式發(fā)展模型與英國模式的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系,以及結合這一模型,對戴雪議會主權理論及其所受到的批判進行一些簡短評價。
[Abstract]:The British constitutional system, represented by the parliamentary system and the general law constitution, is not only the key to the British way of becoming a powerful country, but also deeply affected the development of the world political system. The study of British constitutional history is not sufficiently attached to the study of the British constitutional history. This article will be combined with the history of British constitutional government. There are two ways of state change and static system description, and try to outline the basic development track of British constitutionalism by means of "the combination of historical theory". On the basis of this path, the author rethinks the theory of the two main constitutionalism scholars.
The second, third chapter is the main part. The two chapter discusses the traditional form and modern form of the British constitutional model respectively. The second chapter introduces the social background of the foundation of the traditional constitutional model, and then investigates the basis of two main traditional power equilibrium model system based on the legal governance and the balanced system of political system. The representatives of their intelligence are introduced respectively. Through the analysis of their representatives, we can understand this system better.
The third chapter mainly examines the transformation of the mode of balance of power in the nineteenth Century (essentially a process of political modernization). In this paper, the transformation of nineteenth Century is regarded as a transformation from a traditional history leading constitutional model to a system dominated constitutional model, while its form of expression is a modern political party politics. The last section of this chapter examines the continuation and internal mechanism of this modernization path in the twentieth Century and its internal mechanism in the last section of this chapter. Some of the new developments in the late nineteenth Century have made some further changes in the model examined in the third chapter, only because the process is still in change. At the present stage, it can not be accurately summarized, but can only be described and analyzed.
The last chapter summarizes the whole process of British constitutional history, the three step development model, based on this model, this paper will reflect on the two theories, including the relationship between the general development model, decentralized model and British model, and combined with the type of the first mock exam, wearing snow parliamentary sovereignty theory and the number of A few brief comments are made.
【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D956.1;DD911

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本文編號：1915261