本文選題：立法權(quán)限 + 中央立法��； 參考：《華南理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著社會的不斷發(fā)展，國家權(quán)力集中在唯一的中央權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)變得不現(xiàn)實，，分權(quán)成了必然。立法權(quán)作為最能體現(xiàn)人民主權(quán)原則的權(quán)力，必須在橫向及縱向兩個維度的不同主體之間進(jìn)行分配。雖然在西方，學(xué)者們普遍更關(guān)注立法、行政和司法權(quán)的分權(quán)與制衡，但對于我國這樣地區(qū)發(fā)展不均衡，仍處在法制體系建設(shè)階段，規(guī)模巨大的國家來說，立法權(quán)在中央和地方層面的縱向分配更具現(xiàn)實意義。其核心便是央地立法權(quán)限的劃分。 本文首先對我國央地立法權(quán)限劃分的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了梳理，明確了我國的地方立法面臨三大限制：一是不能介入中央立法專屬事項，二是不能與上位法相抵觸，三是裁決機(jī)制的事實限制。通過分析，本文列舉了我國目前央地立法權(quán)限劃分存在的問題，包括制度規(guī)范含糊不清、地方立法“抵觸”上位法缺乏明確的認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、中央獨攬重要事項立法權(quán)等。 這些問題的解決需要借鑒各國的經(jīng)驗。本文的第二部分即為央地立法權(quán)限的比較研究，在分析不同國家的央地立法權(quán)限劃分實例，描述了它們權(quán)限劃分特點的基礎(chǔ)上，歸納了各國央地立法關(guān)系的發(fā)展趨勢。 接下來，本文提出了若干條解決目前央地立法權(quán)限劃分存在的問題的具體建議，包括設(shè)立協(xié)助相關(guān)審查機(jī)關(guān)完成立法審查工作的機(jī)構(gòu)，更詳細(xì)而明確地表述中央立法專屬事項等。同時，本文還提出加大立法職業(yè)化和立法民主化對各立法主體在行使立法權(quán)時準(zhǔn)確把握自身的權(quán)限有很大的促進(jìn)作用。最后，本文還對完善央地立法權(quán)限劃分的改革動力來自何處進(jìn)行了粗略的探討。在指出公眾參與及他們的權(quán)利訴求是央地立法關(guān)系優(yōu)化的最根本動力的同時，本文也對地方政府以及黨在推動央地立法權(quán)限劃分均衡化的過程中扮演的積極角色作了展望。
[Abstract]:With the development of society, the centralization of state power in the only central authority becomes unrealistic and decentralization becomes inevitable.Legislative power, as the most effective power to embody the principle of people's sovereignty, must be distributed between different subjects in both horizontal and vertical dimensions.Although in the West, scholars generally pay more attention to the separation of powers and checks and balances between the legislative, executive and judicial powers, for a country such as China, where the development is not balanced and is still in the stage of building a legal system, the scale of the country is huge.The vertical distribution of legislative power at the central and local levels is of more practical significance.Its core is the division of legislative authority.In this paper, the author firstly combs the current situation of the division of the legislative authority in the central region of our country, and clarifies that the local legislation of our country faces three major limitations: first, it is impossible to intervene in the exclusive matters of central legislation, and secondly, it cannot conflict with the upper law.The third is the factual limitation of the adjudication mechanism.Based on the analysis, this paper lists the problems existing in the division of the legislative authority of the central and local authorities in China, including the ambiguity of the system and norms, the lack of clear standards for the identification of the local legislation "conflict" with the upper law, and the central authorities' exclusive legislative power over important matters, and so on.The solution of these problems needs to learn from the experience of other countries.The second part of this paper is the comparative study of the legislative authority of the central region. On the basis of analyzing the examples of the division of the legislative authority of the central region in different countries and describing the characteristics of the division of the jurisdiction, the author sums up the development trend of the legislative relationship between the central regions of the various countries.Next, this paper puts forward several specific suggestions to solve the problems existing in the division of the legislative competence of the central district, including the establishment of a body to assist the relevant examining organs to complete the legislative review work.More detailed and clear expression of the central legislative exclusive issues, etc.At the same time, this paper also puts forward that increasing the legislative professionalization and the democratization of legislation can greatly promote the legislative subjects to accurately grasp their own authority when exercising their legislative power.Finally, this paper discusses roughly where the reform motive force of perfecting the division of legislative authority comes from.While pointing out that public participation and their claim of rights are the most fundamental motive force for the optimization of the legislative relationship between central and local governments, this paper also looks forward to the positive role played by local governments and the party in the process of equalizing the division of legislative authority between central and local governments.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D920.0

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本文編號：1755351