本文選題：秦漢 + 醫(yī)事法律制度��； 參考：《華東政法大學》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 今人每言及醫(yī)事法律制度之歷史,多喜論之于唐宋及其后,蓋史料豐富、律令存世。然秦漢時期在我國醫(yī)學與醫(yī)事法律制度的歷史上是具有重要地位的,本文在繼承學術界諸位先賢研究成果的基礎上,試圖勾勒出秦漢醫(yī)事法律制度可見之大致框架,就某些制度加以探討,并總結出其中可供借鑒的歷史經(jīng)驗或啟示。 本篇論文包括導言、正文、結論和參考文獻四部分。 導言部分交待了本文的研究目的、相關研究狀況、研究史料及方法,并在對本文標題進行說明的同時,也對相關概念加以辨析。 正文部分共分為四章。第一章為醫(yī)官制度。首先,從太醫(yī)令丞制度、醫(yī)事屬官系統(tǒng)、軍隊醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)、與醫(yī)相關職位四個部分構建出了醫(yī)官體系的設置。其次,在考察醫(yī)官的來源時,先從分析醫(yī)者身份入手,再對當時的教育選拔制度加以論述。最后,通過上述內(nèi)容總結出秦漢醫(yī)官制度的特征與評價。 第二章為防疫制度。該制度主要由事前預防機制與事后應對措施構成。前者主要包括了生態(tài)環(huán)境保護、日常衛(wèi)生防疫、疫病奏驗機制三部分；而后者則分為控制隔離、視察救助、禳除災禍、滅絕生命這四方面。最終,在總結秦漢防疫制度特征的同時,也對該制度中蘊涵的思想加以論述。 第三章為生育制度。首先,從禁止適齡男女不婚、禁止“同姓為婚”與“近親相奸”、明確法定婚姻年齡三個方面介紹了秦漢時是如何通過這些禁婚制度來保證優(yōu)生的。其次,論述了政府通過資助聘財、養(yǎng)胎保嬰、殺怪子免罪的措施來鼓勵結婚與生育。最后,得出了秦漢生育制度的特征與蘊涵思想。 第四章則收集了一些散見于秦漢簡牘或史書的法令,主要包括食品衛(wèi)生與醫(yī)療責任兩部分。在食品衛(wèi)生中介紹了對腐敗、有毒食品的處理以及對疾腐肉革的賠償問題。而醫(yī)療責任部分則主要介紹了秦時的相關法令以及漢代三個有關醫(yī)生獲罪的案例。 最后,得出了本文的結論,即秦漢時期已經(jīng)有了一套比較系統(tǒng)的醫(yī)事法律制度,將其與當今相比較,會發(fā)現(xiàn)它已具有了現(xiàn)代醫(yī)事法律體系的主體部分,而造成這種發(fā)展狀況也與當時的政治軍事、文化思想、醫(yī)學科技、社會狀況這些因素有關。更為重要的是,我們考察秦漢醫(yī)事法律制度,也能為解決當今諸如傳染病防治、生態(tài)環(huán)境保護、父母殺傷畸形或殘障子女等問題以及建設我國現(xiàn)代醫(yī)事法律制度提供一些借鑒經(jīng)驗或啟示。
[Abstract]:In the Tang and Song dynasties and beyond, the history of medical legal system is rich in historical data and laws and decrees exist in the world.However, the period of Qin and Han dynasties is of great importance in the history of medical and medical legal system in China. Based on inheriting the achievements of scholars, this paper attempts to outline the general framework of the legal system of medical affairs in Qin and Han dynasties.This paper probes into some systems and sums up some historical experiences or enlightenments which can be used for reference.This thesis includes four parts: introduction, text, conclusion and reference.The introduction describes the purpose of this paper, the research situation, historical materials and methods, and at the same time to explain the title of this paper, and to discriminate and analyze the relevant concepts.The text is divided into four chapters.The first chapter is the medical officer system.First of all, from the system of Taiyimancheng, the medical system, the military medical system, and medical related positions, the establishment of the medical officer system is constructed.Secondly, when investigating the origin of medical officers, we first analyze the identity of doctors, and then discuss the educational selection system at that time.Finally, the characteristics and evaluation of the medical officer system of Qin and Han dynasties are summarized through the above contents.The second chapter is the epidemic prevention system.The system consists of preventive mechanism and countermeasures.The former mainly includes three parts: ecological environment protection, daily health and epidemic prevention, and epidemic disease inspection mechanism, while the latter includes four aspects: control isolation, inspection and rescue, eliminating disasters and extinction of life.Finally, the characteristics of epidemic prevention system in Qin and Han dynasties are summarized, and the ideas contained in the system are also discussed.The third chapter is the fertility system.First of all, from prohibiting men and women of the right age from not marrying, prohibiting "marriage with the same surname" and "adultery of close relatives", and defining the legal marriage age, this paper introduces how these forbidden marriage systems were used to guarantee eugenics in Qin and Han dynasties.Secondly, the government encourages marriage and childbearing by subsidizing the employment of money, keeping the baby and killing the strange son.Finally, the characteristics and implication of the fertility system of Qin and Han dynasties are obtained.The fourth chapter collected some laws scattered in Qin and Han dynasties, mainly including food hygiene and medical responsibility.In food hygiene, the problem of corruption, the treatment of poisonous food and the compensation for diseased rotten meat leather are introduced.The part of medical responsibility mainly introduces the relevant laws of Qin Dynasty and three cases of doctors' conviction in Han Dynasty.Finally, the conclusion of this paper is drawn, that is, the Qin and Han dynasties have already had a set of systematic medical legal system, comparing it with the present, we can find that it already has the main body part of the modern medical law system.This development is also related to the political and military, cultural and ideological, medical science and technology, social conditions and other factors.More importantly, if we examine the legal system of medical affairs in the Qin and Han dynasties, we can also solve the problems such as the prevention and control of infectious diseases and the protection of the ecological environment.The problems of parents killing or killing deformed or disabled children and the construction of modern medical legal system in China provide some experience or enlightenment.
【學位授予單位】：華東政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D929

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本文編號：1752485