本文關(guān)鍵詞： 波斯納 財(cái)富最大化 效率 交易成本 公平　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 查理德.A.波斯納是20世紀(jì)70年代以來(lái)最為杰出的法律經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家之一。他將人們從相互自愿的交易中各自獲得利益的簡(jiǎn)明經(jīng)濟(jì)理論和與經(jīng)濟(jì)效率有關(guān)的市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)原理應(yīng)用于法律制度和法學(xué)理論研究,為法律經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的研究奠定了理論基礎(chǔ),從而對(duì)法學(xué)一般理論的發(fā)展作出貢獻(xiàn)。作為經(jīng)濟(jì)分析法學(xué)在當(dāng)代的集大成者,波斯納運(yùn)用“科斯定理”來(lái)解釋所有的法律現(xiàn)象。他運(yùn)用經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)來(lái)解釋非市場(chǎng)行為的路徑就是將其視為虛擬的市場(chǎng)行為,然后運(yùn)用“科斯定理”來(lái)重新界定法律的權(quán)利義務(wù)配置。他把經(jīng)濟(jì)分析法學(xué)作為一種規(guī)范性的理論,并指出其規(guī)范性目標(biāo)就是要追求法律制度的效率,以實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)的財(cái)富最大化。即社會(huì)資源的有限性要求將權(quán)利分配給最珍惜這個(gè)權(quán)利的人,只有如此社會(huì)福利才能得到最大程度的增長(zhǎng)。社會(huì)財(cái)富的增長(zhǎng)是如此值得期待,因而衡量一項(xiàng)法律制度的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就是這項(xiàng)法律制度能否實(shí)現(xiàn)以最低的成本達(dá)致最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效果。 為了研究波斯納的法學(xué)思想,本文從財(cái)富最大化理論的進(jìn)路出發(fā),以此探尋出更多有益的啟發(fā)。本文第一部分首先集中分析波斯納的財(cái)富最大化觀。效率、效用、最大化等經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)概念不僅可以用來(lái)討論法律領(lǐng)域中非常特殊的問(wèn)題,而且為法律的運(yùn)行提供了一種可以達(dá)到的目的。波斯納對(duì)財(cái)富最大化的思考一直沒(méi)有停止,他試圖突破傳統(tǒng)功利主義的束縛,為法律確立一個(gè)更為廣泛的效率體系,實(shí)現(xiàn)資源的最優(yōu)化配置。第二部分主要以中外法學(xué)家對(duì)財(cái)富最大化理論的評(píng)價(jià),來(lái)體現(xiàn)財(cái)富最大化理論所存在的利弊。本文最后一部分是財(cái)富最大化理論與我國(guó)法治改革相結(jié)合的一點(diǎn)思考,包括財(cái)富最大化理論對(duì)我國(guó)法制建設(shè)的借鑒意義以及它存在的局限性,希望能夠?yàn)橥七M(jìn)適合我國(guó)國(guó)情的效率化進(jìn)路拋磚引玉,找到法治建設(shè)的有效進(jìn)路之一。
[Abstract]:Charlide A. Posner is one of the most prominent legal economists since 1970s. He makes the simple economic theory that people benefit from mutual voluntary transactions and the market economy related to economic efficiency. The application of theory to the study of the legal system and the theory of law, It lays a theoretical foundation for the study of law and economics, and thus contributes to the development of the general theory of law. Posner uses the Coase Theorem to explain all legal phenomena. The way he uses economics to explain non-market behavior is to treat it as virtual market behavior. Then he uses the Coase Theorem to redefine the distribution of rights and obligations of law. He regards the law of economic analysis as a normative theory and points out that its normative goal is to pursue the efficiency of the legal system. In order to maximize the wealth of society... that is, the limited nature of social resources requires that rights be allocated to those who cherish this right the most, and only in this way can social welfare be maximized. The increase in social wealth is so desirable that it is worth looking forward to. Therefore, the only measure of a legal system is whether it can achieve maximum economic effect at the lowest cost. In order to study Posner's theory of law, this paper starts from the path of wealth maximization theory and explores more beneficial enlightenments. The first part of this paper focuses on Posner's view of wealth maximization, efficiency and utility. Economic concepts such as maximization can be used not only to discuss very special problems in the field of law, but also to provide an achievable goal for the operation of law. He tries to break through the shackles of traditional utilitarianism, establish a more extensive efficiency system for law, and realize the optimal allocation of resources. The second part mainly evaluates the theory of wealth maximization by Chinese and foreign jurists. The last part of this paper is about the combination of wealth maximization theory and the rule of law reform in our country. It includes the reference meaning of the wealth maximization theory to our country's legal system construction and its limitation. It is hoped that it can be one of the effective ways to promote the efficiency that suits our country's national conditions and find out the effective way to the construction of the rule of law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：D90-05

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 楊莉;信息顯示、價(jià)格形成管制與嚴(yán)格執(zhí)法[D];山東大學(xué);2010年

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本文編號(hào)：1509969