本文關(guān)鍵詞：美國網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè)反壟斷法律問題研究　出處：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：網(wǎng)絡(luò)在給人們的生活創(chuàng)造巨大便利的同時,也帶來了一系列的問題,網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè)壟斷問題伴隨21世紀(jì)后計算機(jī)的普及而產(chǎn)生,是個較新命題。網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè)的壟斷具有常態(tài)性、不穩(wěn)定性、“新效果”等特點(diǎn),傳統(tǒng)的反不正當(dāng)競爭法或反壟斷法難以完全適用。隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè)的日益壯大和發(fā)展,網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè)壟斷問題日益凸顯。我國反壟斷法律原則性規(guī)定較多,可操作性不強(qiáng),應(yīng)對網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè)反壟斷問題實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足。而美國作為市場經(jīng)濟(jì)高度發(fā)達(dá)的國家之一,不僅是第一部反壟斷法的誕生之地,而且是網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)源地,有著完備的反壟斷法律制度,豐富的判例實(shí)踐。近年來,美國網(wǎng)絡(luò)領(lǐng)域發(fā)生了幾起影響深遠(yuǎn)的反壟斷案件,并通過實(shí)踐中的不斷摸索,對傳統(tǒng)理論進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)革新,對傳統(tǒng)方法進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)修正。這些理論和經(jīng)驗(yàn)接受了實(shí)踐的檢驗(yàn),具有較強(qiáng)現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,值得我國學(xué)習(xí)、借鑒。本文主要由美國網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè)反壟斷法律問題研究和對我國的啟示構(gòu)成,首先簡單介紹了網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè)反壟斷的一般理論性問題,然后分章論述了美國處理網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè)相關(guān)市場的界定、濫用市場支配地位的規(guī)制方法和反壟斷法律責(zé)任制度三個基本法律問題的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和方法,最后一章結(jié)合我國政治體制框架和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,闡述了美國的相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn)對我國的指導(dǎo)意義。文章全面對比分析了網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè)與傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)反壟斷的不同之處,深入反思了我國在網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè)反壟斷案件處理方法上屢遭詬病的原因,認(rèn)為我國對待違反反壟斷法企業(yè)的態(tài)度雖然符合當(dāng)前保護(hù)自由競爭和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的國家政策,但如果對網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè)壟斷行為一味姑息,將遭遇得不償失的損失。因此應(yīng)當(dāng)全方位學(xué)習(xí)美國的先進(jìn)理論和實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),在界定網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè)相關(guān)市場時考慮雙邊市場因素、更加注重消費(fèi)者和產(chǎn)品性能的影響,準(zhǔn)確界定網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè)相關(guān)市場。在認(rèn)定一個網(wǎng)絡(luò)企業(yè)是否有濫用市場支配地位行為時采用行為主義的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn),并對違反反壟斷法的網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)業(yè)采取開放平臺的制裁方式,不僅避免傷及有效益的合法壟斷行為,而且使真正有礙市場秩序的壟斷行為得到法律應(yīng)有規(guī)制。
[Abstract]:The network not only creates great convenience for people's life, but also brings a series of problems. The monopoly of network industry comes into being with the popularization of computer after 21th century. It is a relatively new proposition. The monopoly of network industry has the characteristics of normality, instability, "new effect" and so on. The traditional anti-unfair competition law or anti-monopoly law is difficult to fully apply. With the growing and development of the network industry, the network industry monopoly issues become increasingly prominent. The United States, as one of the highly developed countries in the market economy, is not only the birthplace of the first anti-monopoly law. And is the birthplace of the network economy, with a complete antitrust legal system, rich practice of jurisprudence. In recent years, there have been several far-reaching antitrust cases in the field of network in the United States. Through the continuous exploration in practice, the traditional theory has been innovated and the traditional method has been revised accordingly. These theories and experiences have been tested by practice and have strong practical significance and are worthy of our country to learn. This paper mainly consists of the research on the anti-monopoly law of the network industry in the United States and the enlightenment to our country. Firstly, it introduces the general theory of anti-monopoly in the network industry. Then it discusses the three basic legal problems in the United States, such as the definition of the network industry related market, the regulation method of abusing the dominant position of the market and the anti-monopoly legal liability system. The last chapter combined with the political system framework and the current economic development of our country, elaborated the relevant experience of the United States to China's guiding significance. The article compared and analyzed the network industry and traditional industry anti-monopoly differences. This paper deeply reflects on the reasons why our country has repeatedly criticized the methods of dealing with network industry antitrust cases, and thinks that the attitude of our country towards enterprises violating the anti-monopoly law is in line with the current national policy of protecting free competition and technological innovation. However, if we indulge the monopoly behavior of the network industry, we will encounter losses that outweigh the gains and losses. Therefore, we should study the advanced theory and practical experience of the United States in all aspects. In defining the network industry-related markets, consider the bilateral market factors, pay more attention to the impact of consumers and product performance. Define the relevant market of network industry accurately. Use behaviorism judgment standard when determining whether a network enterprise has abused market dominant position behavior. And to take the open platform sanction to the network industry which violates the anti-monopoly law, not only to avoid the harm to the legal monopoly behavior, but also to make the monopoly behavior which really hinders the market order to be regulated by the law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D971.2;DD912.29

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