本文關(guān)鍵詞：南京國(guó)民政府土地征收法律研究　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 土地征收 私法社會(huì)化 平均地權(quán) 土地私有制

【摘要】： 本文的研究對(duì)象是南京國(guó)民政府時(shí)期的土地征收法律制度。全部?jī)?nèi)容分成五個(gè)部分。 第一部分,引言。該部分主要介紹了本文的主題,已有的研究成果,本文的寫作特點(diǎn)以及研究方法。 第二部分,南京國(guó)民政府土地征收立法概況。訓(xùn)政時(shí)期,國(guó)民黨全國(guó)代表大會(huì)具有國(guó)家最高權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)的地位。國(guó)民黨中央政治會(huì)議能夠“議決一切法律”。南京國(guó)民政府享有部分立法權(quán)。立法院的實(shí)質(zhì)就是法律編纂機(jī)構(gòu)。民國(guó)土地法制定過(guò)程中,國(guó)民黨中央、國(guó)民政府和立法院分別扮演了不同的角色,體現(xiàn)了訓(xùn)政時(shí)期法制建設(shè)的特色。土地征收的法律淵源有政策和立法原則和國(guó)家法兩種類型。南京國(guó)民政府建立了比較完備的土地征收法律體系。 第三部分,南京國(guó)民政府土地征收的內(nèi)容和特征。土地征收制度由征收目的、征收程序、征收補(bǔ)償和法律救濟(jì)四個(gè)部分構(gòu)成。南京國(guó)民政府對(duì)土地征收的公共目的事業(yè)范圍采用了“列舉加概括”式的立法技術(shù)措施,并且隨著時(shí)代的發(fā)展變化不斷賦予“公共利益”范疇新的內(nèi)涵。從《土地征收法》到《土地法》,土地征收的法律程序也經(jīng)歷了不斷完善的過(guò)程。民國(guó)政府堅(jiān)持依法補(bǔ)償,補(bǔ)償范圍逐步擴(kuò)大,補(bǔ)償方式更加靈活,補(bǔ)償標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相對(duì)公平合理,對(duì)補(bǔ)償糾紛的解決十分注重維護(hù)被征收人的合法權(quán)益。 第四部分,南京國(guó)民政府土地征收的立法背景。第一,土地征收的理論基礎(chǔ)。民國(guó)時(shí)期,私法社會(huì)化理論得到廣泛傳播。受此影響,民國(guó)時(shí)期的土地所有權(quán)的受到了諸多限制。土地征收構(gòu)成對(duì)土地所有權(quán)的外部限制,這種限制是對(duì)所有權(quán)的合法侵犯或者剝奪。其行使具有極為嚴(yán)格的法律要求。第二,土地征收的政策依據(jù)。國(guó)民政府的一切土地立法緊緊圍繞著平均地權(quán)的土地政策展開。土地征收制度的內(nèi)容受“平均地權(quán)”土地政策的影響十分明顯。第三,土地征收的經(jīng)濟(jì)根源。土地私有制的確立帶來(lái)了土地兼并和土地集中,是廣大農(nóng)民貧困的根源�！案哂衅涮铩狈蠌V大農(nóng)民的要求,是真正意義上的公共利益。而且,城市范圍內(nèi)大規(guī)模的市政建設(shè)產(chǎn)生了旺盛的用地需求。因此,土地私有制和社會(huì)公共利益之間的矛盾就成為民國(guó)時(shí)期土地征收法律發(fā)展變化的經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)因。 第五部分,結(jié)語(yǔ)。南京國(guó)民政府的土地征收法律不但為我國(guó)臺(tái)灣地區(qū)相繼沿用至今,而且對(duì)于完善我國(guó)現(xiàn)如今的土地征收法律制度具有若干借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:The object of this paper is the legal system of land expropriation in the period of Nanjing National Government, which is divided into five parts. The first part, introduction. This part mainly introduces the theme of this paper, existing research results, writing characteristics and research methods. The second part, the general situation of the land expropriation legislation of Nanjing National Government. The KMT National Congress has the status of the highest organ of state power. The KMT Central political Conference can "resolve all laws." The Nanjing National Government has some legislative power. The essence of the Legislative Yuan is the codification organization. In the process of making the land law of the Republic of China. The Kuomintang Central Committee, the National Government and the Legislative Yuan played different roles. The legal sources of land expropriation include policy and legislative principles and two types of state law. The Nanjing National Government has established a relatively complete legal system of land expropriation. The third part, the content and characteristics of land expropriation of Nanjing National Government. Land expropriation system by the purpose of expropriation, expropriation procedures. The four parts of expropriation compensation and legal relief are composed of four parts. The Nanjing National Government has adopted the legislative technical measures of "enumeration and generalization" to the scope of the public purpose of land expropriation. And with the development of the times, it endows the category of "public interest" with new connotations, from "Land expropriation Law" to "Land Law". The legal procedure of land expropriation has also gone through a process of continuous improvement. The Republic of China government insists on compensation according to law, the compensation scope is gradually expanded, the compensation method is more flexible, and the compensation standard is relatively fair and reasonable. The settlement of compensation disputes pays great attention to the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the expropriated persons. Part 4th, the legislative background of land expropriation of Nanjing National Government. First, the theoretical basis of land expropriation. During the Republic of China, the theory of socialization of private law was widely disseminated. During the period of the Republic of China, land ownership was restricted by many restrictions. Land expropriation constituted external restrictions on land ownership. Such restriction is a lawful infringement or deprivation of ownership. The exercise of such restriction has very strict legal requirements. Second. The policy basis of land expropriation. All the land legislation of the national government closely revolves around the land policy of the average land right. The content of the land expropriation system is obviously influenced by the land policy of "average land right". Third. The economic root of land expropriation. The establishment of private ownership of land has brought about land annexation and land concentration, which is the root of peasants' poverty. Is the real public interest. Moreover, the large-scale municipal construction within the city has generated a strong demand for land. The contradiction between private ownership of land and social public interest became the economic motivation of the development and change of land expropriation law in the period of the Republic of China. The land expropriation law of Nanjing National Government has not only been adopted by Taiwan one after another, but also has some reference significance for perfecting the present legal system of land expropriation in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D922.3;D929

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 鄒麗龍;我國(guó)土地資源有效利用法律制度研究[D];江西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué);2012年

，

本文編號(hào)：1431740