【摘要】：艷山姜為姜科山姜屬植物,艷山姜(Alpinia zerumbet)的干燥成熟果實(shí),是貴州少數(shù)民族地區(qū)的傳統(tǒng)習(xí)用藥物,艷山姜在貴州省的種植面積已超過(guò)130 hm~2,是貴州"南藥"的第一大宗產(chǎn)品,也是治理石漠化的重要經(jīng)濟(jì)植物,其自然資源非常豐富,亦是民間常用的香料植物資源。該研究采用性狀、顯微及理化鑒定方法,對(duì)艷山姜果實(shí)進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的生藥學(xué)研究,并對(duì)α-蒎烯、莰烯、β-蒎烯及1,8-桉葉油醇四個(gè)主要心血管藥理活性成分進(jìn)行含量分析。結(jié)果表明:艷山姜果實(shí)性狀鑒別特征為果皮見(jiàn)12~20條縱棱隆起,頂端具花被殘基突起,種子團(tuán)由白色隔膜分為3瓣,每瓣具種子8~20粒不等,較易散落。顯微鑒別特征為:種子橫切面具1~2列油細(xì)胞,外胚乳細(xì)胞含淀粉粒,并可見(jiàn)細(xì)小草酸鈣方晶;果實(shí)粉末可見(jiàn)螺紋導(dǎo)管、草酸鈣方晶、淀粉粒、石細(xì)胞等。氣相色譜法測(cè)得艷山姜果實(shí)揮發(fā)油中α-蒎烯、莰烯、β-蒎烯及1,8-桉葉油醇的平均含量分別為4.292%、3.966%、9.703%、27.171%。該研究的性狀、顯微鑒別方法準(zhǔn)確、簡(jiǎn)單、易行,可作為艷山姜藥材的鑒別依據(jù);氣相色譜含量測(cè)定方法重現(xiàn)性好,測(cè)定結(jié)果精確可靠,可用于艷山姜果實(shí)揮發(fā)油的含量測(cè)定。該研究結(jié)果為艷山姜藥材的鑒定及進(jìn)一步開(kāi)發(fā)利用提供科學(xué)參考。
[Abstract]:Yanshan ginger is a plant of the genus Ginger of ginger family. The dry and mature fruit of (Alpinia zerumbet) is a traditional medicine in Guizhou minority areas. The planting area of Yanshan ginger in Guizhou Province has exceeded 130 hm~2, which is the first major product of Guizhou "Nanyao". It is also an important economic plant to control rocky desertification, its natural resources are very rich, and it is also a common flavor plant resource. In this study, the pharmacognosy of Ginger fruit was systematically studied by means of character, microscopic and physical and chemical identification, and the contents of four main cardiovascular active components, 偽-pinene, camphene, 尾-pinene and 1, 8-eucalyptus oil alcohol, were analyzed. The results showed that the fruit characters of Ginger were characterized by 12 脳 20 longitudinal protrusions on the pericarp, with perianth residue protruding at the top, and the seed masses were divided into 3 petals by white diaphragm, each with 8 脳 20 seeds, which was easy to scatter. The microscopic identification characteristics were as follows: seed cross-cutting mask 1 脳 2 rows of oil cells, outer endosperm cells containing starch particles, and fine calcium oxalate square crystals, fruit powder can be seen thread catheter, calcium oxalate square crystal, starch grains, stone cells and so on. The average contents of 偽-pinene, camphene, 尾-pinene and 1, 8-eucalyptus alcohol in volatile oil of ginger fruit were 4.292%, 3.966%, 9.703% and 27.171%, respectively. The microscopic identification method is accurate, simple and feasible, and can be used as the basis for the identification of ginger, and the gas chromatography method has good reproducibility, accurate and reliable results, and can be used for the determination of volatile oil in ginger fruit. The results of this study provide scientific reference for the identification and further development and utilization of Ginger.
【作者單位】： 貴州醫(yī)科大學(xué)中藥藥劑學(xué)教研室;貴州省高等學(xué)校天然藥物藥理與成藥性評(píng)價(jià)特色重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(81560811) 貴州省科技合作項(xiàng)目(黔科合LH字[2016]7368,[2015]7339) 貴州省大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(201610660031)~~
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R29
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本文編號(hào)：2479386