利用誘導多能干細胞研究丙戊酸誘發(fā)Alpers-Huttenlocher綜合征肝毒性的機理
[Abstract]:Sodium valproate (VPA) is currently the most widely used first-line anticonvulsant in the world and regularly used in migraine treatment, biphasic mental disorder and chronic headache, and is often used as an auxiliary chemotherapy, but the use of VPA can cause side effects of severe liver injury. Alpers syndrome (AHS), One of the most significant characteristics of liver disease in Alpers syndrome is that it has a high risk for VPA-induced hepatotoxicity in early childhood. However, it has not been clear what the mechanism of this high risk hepatotoxicity is, so this paper attempts to explore the causes by using the disease model established by differentiation in vitro. In this study, the fibroblasts of two patients with AHS were induced into patient-specific induced pluripotency cells, and then their pluripotent stem cells were differentiated into patient-specific hepatocytes (AHS iPSCs-Hep) in a serum-free system. Compared with the normal control cells, the differentiated hepatocytes of both patients were very sensitive to VPA-induced hepatotoxicity and produced apoptosis. Moreover, apoptosis depends on the mitochondrial pathway because both apoptosis proteins caspase-9 and caspase-3 are activated and cytochrome c is released. At the same time, it is worth noting that the amount of OPA1 complex in the hepatocytes of AHS patients that keeps the crest of mitochondria tight and protects the release of cytochrome c from release is also less than that of the normal control group. It was found that the expression of DNA polymerase POLG and the content of mitochondrial DNA in hepatocytes of AHS patients were lower than those of normal control cells, and the production ability of ATP in hepatocytes of AHS patients was weaker than that of normal controls. The structure of hepatocytes AHS iPSCs-Hep was not normal, and the cristae became enlarged in children, and even some mitochondria lacked cristae. In studying the sensitivity mechanism of AHS iPSCs-Hep apoptosis induced by VPA, we found that a kind of hyperoxia produced by the instantaneous increase of the amount of mtDNA superoxide produced higher frequency than that of normal control cells, and the production of this type of hyperoxia was essentially caused by the opening of (mPTP) in the permeability transition pore of mitochondria. At the same time, when we added mPTP inhibitor, the sensitivity of AHS iPSCs-Hep to VPA-induced hepatotoxicity decreased to the level of normal control. These results suggest that if mtmPTP is used as a drug target to design drugs, it is possible to prevent the hepatotoxicity induced by VPA in AHS patients. In addition, it has been reported that acetylcholine carnitine and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which are used to treat VPA-induced hepatotoxicity, can also reduce the sensitivity of AHS patients to VPA-induced hepatotoxicity in the disease model of this study. In a word, the liver disease model of AHS patients established by iPSCs from fibroblasts of AHS patients revealed the mechanism of hepatotoxicity induced by VPA in AHS patients, which proved that the mechanism of hepatotoxicity induced by VPA in AHS patients was due to the apoptosis induced by the opening of mitochondrial mPTP in AHS patients. This study is the first time that iPSCs has been used to establish a toxicological model of hereditary mitochondrial disease, which can provide a new evaluation method for screening therapeutic drugs.
【學位授予單位】:中國科學技術大學
【學位級別】:博士
【學位授予年份】:2015
【分類號】:R96
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