【摘要】：大戟科(Euphorbiaceae)巴豆屬(Croton L.)植物,多為喬木或灌木,稀有草本植物。全世界有800余種,廣泛分布于熱帶、亞熱帶地區(qū)。我國有21種,主要產(chǎn)于臺灣、福建(廈門)、廣東、海南、廣西、云南各省。巴豆屬多種植物的枝、葉、皮、根均可入藥,其味辛、性熱、大毒,用于治療阻滯腸胃、寒邪食積、卒然腹?jié)M脹痛、大便不通、氣急口噤等。國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對巴豆屬植物的次生代謝產(chǎn)物的研究表明該屬植物富含結(jié)構(gòu)多樣的二萜類化合物,二萜類化合物也是巴豆屬植物的主要活性成分,具有抗腫瘤、抗HIV、抗病原微生物、抗氧化、抗炎鎮(zhèn)痛以及降糖等作用。光葉巴豆(Crotolaevigatus)為大戟科巴豆屬植物,其化學(xué)成分和生物活性報道的很少。曲霉屬(Aspergillus)真菌是自然界中分布較普遍的腐生菌之一,曲霉可以產(chǎn)生大量的孢子和具有多種多樣的生物化學(xué)活性,有些菌種適宜高溫或者高的滲透壓,使他們能在不同的環(huán)境和基物上生長。曲霉屬的很多次級代謝產(chǎn)物具有抗生素活性。黃曲霉(Aspergillusfavus)屬于曲霉屬的真菌。黃曲霉代謝的黃曲霉素也是很好的抗真菌化合物。為了進(jìn)一步尋找結(jié)構(gòu)新穎或者活性較好的化合物,對光葉巴豆(Croton laevigiatus)和黃曲霉(Aspergillus flavus)的次級代謝產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行了研究。采用硅膠柱層析(CC)、葡聚糖凝膠柱層析(Sephadex LH-20)、MCI凝膠柱層析、制備薄層色譜法和固液萃取等方法分離得到了 36個化合物;利用EI-MS、HRESIMS、1D NMR(1H NMR、13C NMR、DEPT)、2D NMR(1H-1H COSY、HSQC、HMBC、NOESY)等現(xiàn)代波譜技術(shù),并且結(jié)合跟文獻(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)對比的方法確定了 36個化合物的結(jié)構(gòu),其中有1個來自光葉巴豆的新化合物。論文最后對1990年以來的巴豆屬植物成分和活性進(jìn)行了綜述。
[Abstract]:(Croton L.) of (Euphorbiaceae) genus Euphorbiaceae Plants, mostly trees or shrubs, rare herbs. There are more than 800 species in the world, widely distributed in the tropics, subtropical regions. There are 21 species in China, mainly in Taiwan, Fujian (Xiamen), Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan provinces. The branches, leaves, skins and roots of many species of the genus Croton can be used in medicine, its flavor, heat, poison, used for the treatment of stomach block, cold evil food accumulation, sudden abdominal distending pain, feces impassability, breath shiver and so on. Studies on secondary metabolites of Croton plants at home and abroad show that the plants are rich in various diterpenoids, and diterpenoids are also the main active components of Croton, which have anti-tumor and anti-HIV,. Anti-pathogenic microorganisms, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and hypoglycemic effects. (Crotolaevigatus) is a plant of the genus Croton of Euphorbiaceae, and its chemical composition and biological activity are seldom reported. Aspergillus (Aspergillus) is one of the most common fungi in nature. Aspergillus can produce a large number of spores and have a variety of biochemical activities. Some species are suitable for high temperature or high osmotic pressure. So that they can grow in different environments and substrates. Many secondary metabolites of Aspergillus have antibiotic activity. Aspergillus flavus (Aspergillusfavus) belongs to the genus Aspergillus. Aflatoxin metabolized by Aspergillus flavus is also a good antifungal compound. The secondary metabolites of (Croton laevigiatus) and Aspergillus flavus (Aspergillus flavus) were studied in order to find the compounds with novel structure or good activity. 36 compounds were isolated by silica gel column chromatography, (CC), dextran gel column chromatography (Sephadex LH-20), MCI gel column chromatography), thin layer chromatography and solid-liquid extraction. The structures of 36 compounds were determined by using EI-MS,HRESIMS,1D NMR (1H NMR,13C NMR,DEPT), 2D NMR (1H-1H COSY,HSQC,HMBC,NOESY) and other modern spectral techniques. One of them is a new compound from Paeonia lanceolata. In the end, the composition and activity of Croton since 1990 were reviewed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R915

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