【摘要】：放線菌是抗生素的主要來源之一,在人類對抗由致病菌產(chǎn)生的感染性疾病的過程中發(fā)揮了不可替代的防治作用。近年來,由于耐藥菌株的不斷涌現(xiàn),促使人們加快尋找新的抗生素的步伐。寄生于動物體內(nèi)的共生放線菌,是目前藥用微生物資源的一個重要來源,也是當(dāng)前微生物藥物研究領(lǐng)域的一個熱點(diǎn)。這些微生物在與動物互生共存的演化過程中,組成了一個動物-細(xì)菌共同體,進(jìn)而構(gòu)建成為一個協(xié)調(diào)而相對獨(dú)立的微生態(tài)環(huán)境。在這一特殊環(huán)境中,放線菌所產(chǎn)生的次級代謝產(chǎn)物,既可被動物機(jī)體所耐受,又具有抑制特定病原微生物的活性。這類次級代謝產(chǎn)物種類繁多、結(jié)構(gòu)特異,具有抗細(xì)菌、真菌、病毒、腫瘤及免疫調(diào)節(jié)等多種生物活性,具備開發(fā)成為新型藥物的巨大潛力。本文旨在總結(jié)近十年來關(guān)于動物來源放線菌的次級代謝產(chǎn)物及其生物學(xué)活性的研究進(jìn)展,為進(jìn)一步開發(fā)新型藥物提供參考和研究策略。
[Abstract]:Actinomycetes, one of the main sources of antibiotics, plays an irreplaceable role in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria. In recent years, due to the emergence of drug-resistant strains, people speed up the search for new antibiotics. Symbiotic actinomycetes parasitic on animals is an important source of medicinal microbial resources and a hot spot in the field of microbial drug research. In the evolution process of co-existence of these microorganisms with animals, they formed an animal-bacterial community, and then formed a coordinated and relatively independent microecological environment. In this special environment, the secondary metabolites produced by actinomycetes can be tolerated by animals and have the activity of inhibiting specific pathogenic microorganisms. This kind of secondary metabolites have a variety of species, specific structure, anti-bacterial, fungal, virus, tumor and immune regulation and other biological activities, has a great potential to develop as a new drug. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the research progress on secondary metabolites and their biological activities of actinomycetes from animal origin in recent ten years, and to provide references and research strategies for the further development of new drugs.
【作者單位】： 南方醫(yī)科大學(xué)藥學(xué)院;中國醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學(xué)院藥物研究所;
【基金】：廣東省科技廳資助項目(2014A020210014,2015A020211010)
【分類號】：R915

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