本文選題：碘 + 海帶　； 參考：《青島大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：碘是人體必需的一種微量元素,是合成甲狀腺激素的重要原料,對人類健康影響甚大。缺碘會對人體新陳代謝和生長發(fā)育造成一系列的危害,因而引起的疾病統(tǒng)稱為碘缺乏病。碘缺乏病是困擾包括我國在內(nèi)的世界上許多國家的公共衛(wèi)生問題之一,而近幾年來普遍使用的食鹽加碘無機補碘方式暴露出了越來越多的弊端,尋求更安全健康有效的補碘方式成為生命科學(xué)關(guān)注的重點之一。 海帶(Laminaria japonica Aresch),亦稱昆布,是褐藻門海帶目海帶科海帶屬的一種大型食用海藻,營養(yǎng)豐富,除了含有多糖、蛋白質(zhì)、維生素等多種營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)外,碘含量尤為豐富,是我國碘提取的重要原料。但已有許多研究結(jié)果證實海帶中的碘在儲存和加工等工藝過程中極易流失,造成極大的資源浪費,其補碘效果也大大減低。為了制備以海帶組分為原料的穩(wěn)定復(fù)合碘,本研究開展了四個方面實驗,結(jié)果如下： (一)海帶中不同化學(xué)態(tài)碘的含量分析：海帶實驗樣品中的平均總碘含量達0.12%(海帶鮮重),且其中91.9%的碘為水溶性碘。水溶性碘中主要以I-的形式存在,占總碘量的87.1%,I03-形式的碘含量較少,占總碘量的4.4%；有機碘僅占總碘量的8.5%,其中主要是不溶性有機碘,占總碘量的8.1%,水溶性有機碘的含量極少,僅占總碘量的0.4%。該結(jié)果證明,海帶雖然含有非常豐富的碘,但其絕大部分為易于流失的水溶性碘。 (二)褐藻酸-碘復(fù)合物的制備：分別制備了褐藻酸-碘復(fù)合物和乙酰化褐藻酸-碘復(fù)合物的系列樣品,復(fù)合物一般在590m有最大吸收峰；由實驗結(jié)果可知,褐藻酸自身具有一定的吸附碘的能力,將海藻酸乙�；笃渑c碘結(jié)合的能力增強,乙酰化-褐藻酸-碘復(fù)合物系列樣品的碘含量明顯高于褐藻酸-碘復(fù)合物系列樣品,而且乙�；潭鹊牟煌灿绊懞Ｔ逅崤c碘結(jié)合的能力。 (三)褐藻酸-碘復(fù)合物的穩(wěn)定性研究：分別對褐藻酸-碘復(fù)合物和乙�；衷逅�-碘復(fù)合物的系列樣品的穩(wěn)定性進行分析,探討不同條件下制得的含碘復(fù)合物的穩(wěn)定性,并運用食鹽加碘方式利用產(chǎn)物制備含碘食鹽和進行穩(wěn)定性研究。由實驗結(jié)果可知乙�；暮衷逅�-碘復(fù)合物穩(wěn)定性高于未乙�；衷逅�-碘復(fù)合物,由此制備的含碘食鹽也比普通的無機含碘食鹽穩(wěn)定性好。 (四)褐藻酸-碘復(fù)合物碘鹽的補碘效應(yīng)：通過建立缺碘小鼠模型,研究了以乙�；�-褐藻酸-碘復(fù)合物(Acetylated-alginate-I2)制備的碘鹽的補碘效應(yīng)。結(jié)果表明,乙酰化-褐藻酸-碘復(fù)合物(Acetylated-alginate-I2)碘鹽的補碘效果優(yōu)于無機補碘劑KI和KIO3的碘鹽的補碘效果。 因此,有必要對乙�；�-褐藻酸-碘復(fù)合物(Acetylated-alginate-I2)作為一種優(yōu)良的補碘劑進一步研發(fā),以期獲得較穩(wěn)定且安全的補碘產(chǎn)品。
[Abstract]:Iodine is an essential trace element and an important raw material for the synthesis of thyroid hormone, which has a great impact on human health. Iodine deficiency can cause a series of harm to metabolism, growth and development of human body, so the diseases caused by iodine deficiency disorders are called iodine deficiency disorders. Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) is one of the public health problems in many countries in the world, including our country. However, in recent years, the commonly used iodized inorganic iodine supplementation of salt has exposed more and more disadvantages. Seeking a more safe, healthy and effective way of iodine supplementation has become one of the key issues in life science. Laminaria japonica Areschus, also known as laminaria, is a large edible seaweed of the family Laminaria, which is rich in nutrients, in addition to polysaccharides, proteins, vitamins and other nutrients, iodine content is particularly rich. It is an important raw material for iodine extraction in China. However, many studies have proved that iodine in kelp is easy to be lost in storage and processing, resulting in a great waste of resources, and the effect of iodine supplementation is greatly reduced. In order to prepare stable complex iodine from kelp as raw material, four experiments were carried out in this study. The results are as follows: (1) Analysis of iodine content in different chemical states in kelp: the average total iodine content in kelp experimental samples is 0.12 (fresh weight of kelp, 91.9% of which is water-soluble iodine). The water soluble iodine mainly exists in the form of I-, which accounts for 87.1% of the total iodine and accounts for 4.4% of the total iodine, and organic iodine only accounts for 8.5% of the total iodine, mainly insoluble organic iodine, accounting for 8.1% of the total iodine, and the content of water-soluble organic iodine is very little. Only 0.4% of the total iodine content. The results show that although kelp contains a lot of iodine, most of it is water-soluble iodine which is easy to be lost. (2) preparation of alginic acid-iodine complex: a series of samples of alginic acid-iodine complex and acetylalginic acid-iodine complex were prepared respectively. The complexes generally have the maximum absorption peak at 590m. Alginic acid has a certain ability to adsorb iodine. After acetylation of alginate, its ability to bind to iodine is enhanced. The iodine content of the series of acetylated alginic acid-iodine complex samples is obviously higher than that of alginic acid-iodine complex series samples. The degree of acetylation also affects the ability of alginic acid to bind to iodine. (3) study on the stability of alginic acid-iodine complex: the stability of the series of samples of alginic acid-iodine complex and acetylalginic acid-iodine complex were analyzed, and the stability of the iodized complex prepared under different conditions was discussed. The iodized salt was prepared by iodized salt and its stability was studied. The results show that the stability of acetylated alginic acid-iodine complex is higher than that of non-acetylalginic acid-iodine complex, and the stability of iodized salt is better than that of inorganic iodized salt. (4) iodine supplementation effect of alginic acid-iodine complex iodized salt: the iodine supplementation effect of iodized salt prepared by acetylated-alginate-I _ 2 was studied in mice model of iodine deficiency. The results showed that the iodine supplement effect of acetylated alginate-iodine complex Acetylated-alginate-I2 was better than that of inorganic iodine supplements Ki and KIO3 iodized salt. Therefore, it is necessary to further develop Acetylated-alginate-I2 (acetylated alginate-iodine complex) as an excellent iodine supplementation agent in order to obtain a stable and safe iodine supplement product.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R914;O657.7

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