本文關(guān)鍵詞：中藥“顯效理論”或有助于闡釋并弘揚中藥特色優(yōu)勢，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

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中藥“顯效理論”或有助于闡釋并弘揚中藥特色優(yōu)勢

發(fā)布日期： 2015-12-11 發(fā)布：  

  2015年17期目錄       本期共收錄文章20篇

　　[摘要]該文歸納出中藥“顯效理論”，即中藥通過“眾多顯效形式（顯效型）的單靶點疊加作用、多靶點協(xié)同作用及毒性分散效應(yīng)”發(fā)揮藥效并削弱自身毒性。一味中藥可含有約1 000種成分，一種成分口服進(jìn)入體內(nèi)后又可產(chǎn)生約100種代謝產(chǎn)物。無數(shù)化學(xué)成分及其無數(shù)體內(nèi)代謝產(chǎn)物中的眾多顯效形式可共同發(fā)揮“集團(tuán)軍式作用”。在藥物分子少、靶點分子多的情況下，中藥不同種的顯效型分子可相繼與靶點分子結(jié)合，發(fā)生疊加作用，當(dāng)“靶點充分占位”時藥效始啟動。既有濃度上的疊加作用又有時間段先后的疊加作用，這使得藥效得以持久。顯效型呈現(xiàn)藥效疊加和毒性分散，源于不同顯效形式分子結(jié)構(gòu)之間藥效基團(tuán)相同而毒性基團(tuán)不完全相同�！岸拘苑稚⑿�(yīng)”適于對無毒中藥而不適于對有毒中藥的解釋。顯效理論揭示中藥可以眾多化學(xué)成分及眾多代謝產(chǎn)物參與發(fā)揮藥效過程，包括疊加作用、協(xié)同作用及毒性分散效應(yīng)，可有助于闡釋和弘揚中藥特色優(yōu)勢。今后需研究/確證的問題：中藥藥效物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)及其作用機(jī)制是怎樣構(gòu)成的？多數(shù)中藥為什么毒性��？體現(xiàn)中藥特色優(yōu)勢的中藥“顯效理論”如何在新藥研發(fā)中應(yīng)用？
中國論文網(wǎng)
　　[關(guān)鍵詞]中藥顯效理論;顯效形式;顯效型;多成分單靶點疊加作用;多成分多靶點協(xié)同作用;毒性分散效應(yīng);集團(tuán)軍式作用;靶點分子;靶點充分占位;中藥藥效物質(zhì);作用機(jī)制;代謝產(chǎn)物
　　“Efficacy Theory” may help to explain characteristic advantages of
　　traditional Chinese medicines
　　CAI Shao-qing1*， WANG Xuan2， SHANG Ming-ying1， XU Feng1， LIU Guang-xue1
　�。�1.Division of Pharmacognosy， School of Pharmaceutical Sciences， Peking University， Beijing 100191， China;
　　2. Department of Chemical Biology， School of Pharmaceutical Sciences， Peking University， Beijing 100191， China）
　　[Abstract]This article proposes the ″Efficacy Theory″ hypothesis of the traditional Chinese medicines （TCMs）： TCMs take effects and weaken toxicities through the additive effects of numerous effective forms （including their constituents or/and metabolites） on a same target， the synergistic effects based on the overall action of the additive effects on individual targets and their toxicities scattering effects. A TCM may include approximately 1000 constituents and each constituent may produce about 100 metabolites in vivo after oral administration. Numerous effective forms of incalculable constituents and their metabolites could work like a ″army group″ together. When the quantity of a specific target molecule is larger than the pharmaceutical molecules，， the molecules of different kinds of effective forms could combine with the target molecules successively， to exert the additive effects. When the target molecules are mostly occupied （″target most spaces occupied″）， this TCM begins to work. The additive effects maybe exert not only in concentration but also in a time order way， which gives a sustained efficacy of TCM. The additive effects and the toxicities scattering effects are resulted from the same effective groups and not identical toxic groups among different effective form molecules. The ″toxicities scattering effect″ can be used to explain the non-toxic TCMs， but not fit for toxic TCMs. The efficacy theory showed that the variety of constituents and metabolites may participate in the process of pharmacodynamic actions， including the additive effects， synergy effects and toxicities scattering effects， which may be useful for explaining and developing the characteristic advantage of the TCMs. The questions we need to study or confirm are as follows： What are the TCMs′ pharmacodynamic substance basis and mechanism made up of Why are toxicities of most TCMs′ smaller How is the TCMs′ ″Efficacy Theory″ which reflects characteristic advantage of TCMs applied in the research and development of new drugs. 　　[Key words]TCMs′ efficacy theory; effective forms; additive effects on a same target; synergistic effects among individual targets; toxicities scattering effects; army group actions; target molecule; target most spaces occupied; pharmacodynamic substances; mechanism of action; metabolites
　　doi：10.4268/cjcmm20151720
　　作者認(rèn)為，中藥藥效物質(zhì)的本質(zhì)及作用機(jī)制的內(nèi)涵是體現(xiàn)中藥特色及優(yōu)勢的重要方面，可用本文提出的中藥“顯效理論”來進(jìn)一步闡釋，因此撰文與讀者分享，以期拋磚引玉。
　　中藥藥效物質(zhì)及其作用機(jī)制是長期以來學(xué)者們不懈探索研究的重要主題內(nèi)容，特別是近20年人們?nèi)〉么罅垦芯砍晒�，不斷提出了許多新認(rèn)識與新見解（本文是針對中藥進(jìn)行論述的，但是作者認(rèn)為相關(guān)理論及特色優(yōu)勢同樣適合于各少數(shù)民族藥物。也就是說，本文中的“中藥”是全體民族藥物的一個代表，是“中藥和民族藥”的代名詞）。如1996年薛燕等

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：中藥“顯效理論”或有助于闡釋并弘揚中藥特色優(yōu)勢，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。